• 한국어류학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.171-178
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• 2014

로즈마리의 주요 성분인 carnosic acid는 carnosol, rosmarinic acid, ursolic acid 등과 같은 폴리페놀의 한 성분으로 다양한 생리활성 기능이 보고되어 있다. 본 연구에서는 로즈마리 유래 폴리페놀인 carnosic acid가 제브라피쉬 근육성장에 미치는 영향을 근육 내 주사와 사료를 통해서 확인해 보았다. 근육 내 주사 실험을 통해서 CA는 제브라 피쉬의 근육 내 단백질 함량을 증가시키고 중성지방의 함량을 감소시켰다. 또한 조직학적 분석 결과 근섬유의 평균 면적이 커지는 근섬유의 과비대 효과를 나타내었다. 사료 실험 결과 근육 내 단백질 및 중성지방의 함량에는 영향을 미치지 않았으며 조직학적 분석 결과 근육 내 주사 실험에서와 마찬가지로 근 섬유의 과비대를 유도하였다.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.213-220
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• 2020

Background: The leaves of Perilla frutescens, commonly called perilla and used for food in Korea, contain components with a variety of biological effects and potential therapeutic applications. The purpose of this study was to identify the components of 70% ethanol extracted Perilla frutescens (EEPF) and determine its inhibitory effects on oral microbial activity and production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-stimulated Raw264.7 macrophages, consequently, to confirm the possibility of using EEPF as a functional component for improving the oral environment and preventing inflammation. Methods: One kg of P. frutescens leaves was extracted with 70% ethanol and dried at -70℃. EEPF was analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography analysis, and antimicrobial activity against oral microorganisms was revealed using the disk diffusion test. Cell viability was elucidated using a methylthiazolydiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay, and the effect of EEPF on LPS-induced morphological variation was confirmed through microscopic observation. The effect of EEPF on LPS-induced production of pro-inflammatory mediators, NO and PGE2 was confirmed by the NO assay and PGE2 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The main component of EEPF was rosemarinic acid, and EEPF showed weak anti-bacterial and anti-fungal effects against microorganisms living in the oral cavity. EEPF did not show toxicity to Raw264.7 macrophages and had inhibitory effects on the morphological variations and production of pro-inflammatory mediators, NO and PGE2 in LPS-stimulated Raw264.7 macrophages. Conclusion: EEPF can be used as a functional material for improving the oral environment through the control of oral microorganisms and for modulating inflammation by inhibiting the production of inflammatory mediators.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.307-318
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• 2023

Objectives: Bacterial biofilm is regarded as a significant threat to the production of safe food and the arise of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The objective of this investigation is to evaluate the quorum sensing inhibitory effect of Nepeta curviflora methanolic extract. Methods: The effectiveness of the leaves at sub-inhibitory concentrations of 2.5, 1.25, and 0.6 mg/mL on the virulence factors and biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa was evaluated. The effect of N. curviflora methanolic extract on the virulence factors of P. aeruginosa, including pyocyanin, rhamnolipid, protease, and chitinase, was evaluated. Other tests including the crystal violet assay, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), swarming motility, aggregation ability, hydrophobicity and exopolysaccharide production were conducted to assess the effect of the extract on the formation of biofilm. Insight into the mode of antiquorum sensing action was evaluated by examining the effect of the extract on the activity of N-Acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) and the expression of pslA and pelA genes. Results: The results showed a significant attenuation in the production of pyocyanin and rhamnolipid and in the activities of protease and chitinase enzymes at 2.5 and 1.25 mg/mL. In addition, N. curviflora methanolic extract significantly inhibited the formation of P. aeruginosa biofilm by decreasing aggregation, hydrophobicity, and swarming motility as well as the production of exopolysaccharide (EPS). A significant reduction in AHL secretion and pslA gene expression was observed, indicating that the extract inhibited quorum sensing by disrupting the quorum-sensing systems. The quorum-sensing inhibitory effect of N. curviflora extract appears to be attributed to the presence of kaempferol, quercetin, salicylic acid, rutin, and rosmarinic acid, as indicated by LCMS analysis. Conclusion: The results of the present study provide insight into the potential of developing anti-quorum sensing agents using the extract and the identified compounds to treat infections resulting from quorum sensing-mediated bacterial pathogenesis.

• 공업화학
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.479-484
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 라벤더 70% 에탄올 추출물 및 분획물의 항산화 활성과 세포보호효과를 조사하였다. 자유라디칼(1,1-phenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, DPPH) 소거 활성($FSC_{50}$)은 라벤더 추출물, 에틸아세테이트 및 아글리콘 분획에서 각각 46.6, 45.5 및 $477.5{\mu}g/mL$를 나타냈다. $Fe^{3+}-EDTA/H_2O_2$계에서의 총항산화능($OSC_{50}$)은 라벤더 추출물, 에틸아세테이트 및 아글리콘분획에서 각각 8.1, 3.3 및 $17.6{\mu}g/mL$이었으며, L-ascorbic acid의 $OSC_{50}$ ($1.5{\mu}g/mL$)보다 낮은 활성을 나타냈다. $^1O_2$으로 유도된 적혈구 광용혈 실험에서 아글리콘 분획은 매우 큰 세포보호활성을 나타냈다. $50{\mu}M$ 농도에서 라벤더 추출물, 에틸아세테이트 및 아글리콘 분획의 세포보호효과(${\tau}_{50}$)가 70.6, 87.2 및 165.2 min으로 나타났다. 특히, 라벤더 아글리콘 분획은(+)-${\alpha}$-tocopherol 보다 3.8배 높은 세포보호효과를 나타냈다. TLC 및 LC-MS를 이용하여 라벤더 분획의 성분(luteolin 7-O-glucuronide, vitextin, rosmarinic acid, luteolin, apigenin)을 확인하였으며, 아글리콘 분획은 에틸아세테이트 분획에 비해 주요 플라보노이드(luteolin, apigenin)는 크게 증가하지 않았다. 결론적으로 라벤더가 화장품의 항산화 소재로써 응용 가능함을 시사한다.

• 공업화학
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.716-725
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 자소엽의 50% 에탄올 추출물 및 에틸아세테이트 분획을 제조하여 항균 및 항산화 활성을 평가하고 성분 분석을 진행하였다. 피부 상재균에 대한 항균 활성을 측정한 결과, S. aureus 및 P. aeruginosa에 대해서 에틸아세테이트 분획의 최소저해농도(minimum inhibitory concentration, MIC) 값은 모두 $78{\mu}g/mL$로 나타나 항균 활성이 매우 우수함을 확인하였다. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) 라디칼 소거 활성($FSC_{50}$)과 $Fe^{3+}-EDTA/H_2O_2$계에서의 활성산소 소거 활성($OSC_{50}$) 측정 결과 50% 에탄올 추출물 보다 에틸아세테이트 분획에서 높은 활성을 보였고 각각 25.90, $1.40{\mu}g/mL$로 나타났다. HaCaT 세포에서 세포 내 ROS 억제 효능은 최고 농도인 $32{\mu}g/mL$에서 50% 에탄올 추출물과 에틸아세테이트 분획 각각 PC군 대비 28.6, 40.7%의 감소율을 보였고 UVB에 대한 세포보호효과는 에틸아세테이트 분획의 $2.0-16.0{\mu}g/mL$ 농도에서 농도 의존적으로 나타났다. 자소엽 추출물의 에틸아세테이트 분획을 이용한 성분 분석 결과 rosmarinic acid, luteolin, apigenin, caffeic acid 및 ethyl caffeate가 있음을 확인하였다. 이상의 결과들은 자소엽 추출물 및 분획이 항균 및 항산화 효과를 가짐을 보여주며 외부 환경으로부터 피부를 보호할 수 있는 천연 소재로써 화장품 분야에서 응용 가능성이 있음을 시사한다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제66권3호
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• pp.248-255
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• 2021

본 연구는 고품질의 들깨 신품종 육성을 위한 기초 자료로서 모본으로 종실용 품종인 '대실'과 부본으로 잎전용 품종인 '잎들깨1호'를 이용하여 교배된 재조합 집단(F₁)을 양성하였고, F₂세대부터 SSD법으로 계통을 전개한 고세대(F₇) RIL집단 277계통들에 대해서 농업적 형질과 종실의 품질특성을 비교하였다. 재조합 집단의 주요 농업적 형질의 변이를 분석한 결과 경장은 66~150 cm, 유효분지수는 5~23개, 화방군장은 5.1~10.5 cm, 화방군수는 17~131개 및 화방군당삭수는 23~39개 등으로 분포하였다. 종실의 품질 특성을 분석한 결과 주요 지방산인 리놀렌산(C18:3)은 54.2~64.1%, 기능 성분인 rosmarinic acid는 869.5~3,508.1 ㎍/g, luteolin은 47.4~864.3 ㎍/g 및 apigenin은 57.1~296.7 ㎍/g 등으로 분포하였다. 조사된 대부분의 농업적 형질이 변이의 폭이 크면서 정규곡선 양상을 보였으며, 양친의 특성보다 우월한 특성을 가진 후대들이 많이 나타나는 초월분리 현상을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과는 F₇ RIL 집단이 향후 QTL 분석뿐만 아니라 우수 품종 육성을 위한 중간 모본 양성에도 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.95-103
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• 2014

Objectives: This study evaluated the effect of three antioxidizing agents on pullout bond strengths of dentin treated with sodium hypochlorite. Materials and Methods: Root canals of 75 single-rooted human teeth were prepared. Fifteen teeth were irrigated with normal saline for a negative control group, and the remaining 60 teeth (groups 2 - 5) with 2.5% NaOCl. The teeth in group 2 served as a positive control. Prior to post cementation, the root canals in groups 3 - 5 were irrigated with three antioxidizing agents including 10% rosmarinic acid (RA, Baridge essence), 10% hesperidin (HPN, Sigma), and 10% sodium ascorbate hydrogel (SA, AppliChem). Seventy-five spreaders (#55, taper .02, Produits Dentaires S.A) were coated with silica and silanized with the Rocatec system and ceramic bond. All the prepared spreaders were cemented with a self-adhesive resin cement (Bifix SE, Voco Gmbh) in the prepared canals. After storage in distilled water (24 h/$37^{\circ}C$), the spreaders were pulled out in a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 1.0 mm/min. Pull-out strength values were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD test (${\alpha}$ = 0.05). Results: There were significant differences between study groups (p = 0.016). The highest pullout strength was related to the SA group. The lowest strength was obtained in the positive control group. Conclusions: Irrigation with NaOCl during canal preparation decreased bond strength of resin cement to root dentin. Amongst the antioxidants tested, SA had superior results in reversing the diminishing effect of NaOCl irrigation on the bond strength to root dentin.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.118-124
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• 2018

Juglans mandshurica is a fast growing hard species, which is a tree in family of Juglandaceae and has a wide distribution in China, Korea and eastern Russia. Plant materials from J. mandshurica have extensively been used in folk medicines to prevent or cure gastric, esophageal, lung and cardiac cancer. As one chain of our searching for anticomplementary agents from natural sources, two epimeric ellagitannins, [2,3-O-4,4',5,5',6,6',-hexahydroxydiphenoyl (HHDP))-(${\alpha},{\beta}$)-D-glucose] (I) and pedunculagin (II) were purified from 70% acetone extracts of the stem barks of J. mandshurica by Thin Layer Chromatography and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography approaches. The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were characterized by MS, NMR, and a careful comparation with published literatures. The epimeric ellagitannins I and II exhibited inhibitory properties against a classical pathway of complementary system with 50 % inhibitory concentrations ($IC_{50}$) values of 65.3 and $47.7{\mu}M$, respectively, comparing with riliroside ($IC_{50}=104{\mu}M$) and rosmarinic acid ($IC_{50}=182{\mu}M$), which were used as positive controls. Thus, the work indicated both the two secondary metabolites possess excellent inhibitory activity and might be developed as potential anticomplementary chemicals.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.303-309
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• 2014

Objectives: Hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$) surface treatment of fiber posts has been reported to increase bond strength of fiber posts to resin cements. However, residual oxygen radicals might jeopardize the bonding procedure. This study examined the effect of three antioxidant agents on the bond strength of fiber posts to conventional and self-adhesive resin cements. Materials and Methods: Post spaces were prepared in forty human maxillary second premolars. Posts were divided into five groups of 8 each: G1 (control), no pre-treatment; G2, 10% $H_2O_2$ pre-treatment; G3, G4 and G5. After $H_2O_2$ application, Hesperidin (HES), Sodium Ascorbate (SA) or Rosmarinic acid (RA) was applied on each group respectively. In each group four posts were cemented with Duo-Link conventional resin cement and the others with self-adhesive BisCem cement. Push-out test was performed and data were analyzed using 2-way ANOVA and tukey's post-hoc test (${\alpha}=0.05$). Results: There was a statistically significant interaction between the cement type and post surface treatment on push-out bond strength of fiber posts (p < 0.001, F = 16). Also it was shown that different posts' surface treatments significantly affect the push-out bond strength of fiber posts (p = 0.001). $H_2O_2$ treated posts (G2) and control posts (G1) cemented with Duo-link showed the highest ($15.96{\pm}5.07MPa$) and lowest bond strengths ($6.79{\pm}3.94$) respectively. Conclusions: It was concluded that $H_2O_2$ surface treatment might enhance the bond strength of fiber posts cemented with conventional resin cements. The effect of antioxidants as post's surface treatment agents depends on the characteristics of resin cements used for bonding procedure.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제61권4호
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• pp.449-454
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• 2023

Free-living amoebae (FLA) rarely cause human infections but can invoke fatal infections in the central nervous system (CNS). No consensus treatment has been established for FLA infections of the CNS, emphasizing the urgent need to discover or develop safe and effective drugs. Flavonoids, natural compounds from plants and plant-derived products, are known to have antiprotozoan activities against several pathogenic protozoa parasites. The anti-FLA activity of flavonoids has also been proposed, while their antiamoebic activity for FLA needs to be emperically determined. We herein evaluated the antiamoebic activities of 18 flavonoids against Naegleria fowleri and Acanthamoeba species which included A. castellanii and A. polyphaga. These flavonoids showed different profiles of antiamoebic activity against N. fowleri and Acanthamoeba species. Demethoxycurcumin, kaempferol, resveratrol, and silybin (A+B) showed in vitro antiamoebic activity against both N. fowleri and Acanthamoeba species. Apigenin, costunolide, (-)-epicatechin, (-)-epigallocatechin, rosmarinic acid, and (-)-trans-caryophyllene showed selective antiamoebic activity for Acanthamoeba species. Luteolin was more effective for N. fowleri. However, afzelin, berberine, (±)-catechin, chelerythrine, genistein, (+)-pinostrobin, and quercetin did not exhibit antiamoebic activity against the amoeba species. They neither showed selective antiamoebic activity with significant cytotoxicity to C6 glial cells. Our results provide a basis for the anti-FLA activity of flavonoids, which can be applied to develope alternative or supplemental therapeutic agents for FLA infections of the CNS.