• Plant Disease and Agriculture
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.90-94
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• 1999

Effect of inoculum concentration inoculation method and plant age on development of clubroot disease of Chinese cabbage seedling were examined in growth chambers. Root galls were developed at the concentration of 105 resting spore or above per ml of incoulum and as the inoculum concentration became higher rate of development of root galls was faster. In the plants with root gall development fresh weight of above ground parts was reduced to 30-44% of that of healthy plants but root weight increased by 4-10 times. Growth of diseased plants was greatly reduced as compared to healthy plants. Planting in the diseased soil as a inoculation method was most effective for disease development showing uniform infections but time of initial root gall development was delayed by root soaking inoculation. Some plants inoculated by soil drenching method did not develop root galls. However root gall enlargement after its initial formation did not differ greatly among inoculation methods. Nine-day-old seedlings showed poor development of root gall but 16-days-old seedlings was found to be most adequate for inoculation for gall development.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.164-168
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• 2001

Minimally processed lotus root was stored at 4$^{\circ}C$ followed by dipping in distilled water, 3% ascorbic acid, 1% citric acid, 1% acetic acid, 1% EDTA, 2% lactic acid and 3% malic acid. The weight loss, color, soluble solids, pH, vitamin C and sensory characteristic were measured during storage period. The rate of weight loss decreased in the minimally processed lotus root. ΔL was changed slightly after 1 week storage and 1% acetic acid and 1% EDTA especially retarded a little retardation in browning during storage. Soluble solids was changed slightly, but decreased after 2 week storage in lotus root treated with 2% lactic acid and 3% malic acid. pH increased but vitamin C decreased during storage. The organoleptic quality of lotus root treated 1% EDTA showed the best by sensory evaluation.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.75-84
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• 1995

This study was carried out to find the effects of the mixtures of earthworm cast, peatmoss, and vermiculite as a vegetable plant growth medium on the growth pepper seedlings. The mixed ratios of earthworm cast-peatmoss-vermiculite were 40-20-40, 40-30-30, 40-40-40, 50-20-30, 50-30-20, 60-10-30, 60-20-20 and 60-30-10%. The results of the study are as follows: 1, There was a significant difference of plant length, leaf area, shoot dry weight, root dry weight and biological yield per plant for growth stages and mixed ratios(p<0.05). But there was no significant interactions for both of them. 2. The nursery soil with earthworm cast was generally higher than the control treatment in shoot dry weight, root dry weight adn biological yield per plant. The shoot dry weight and biological yield per plant were high in the treatment including 60% of the earthworm cast to the 3rd week and in the one including 50% from the 4th week. But in root dry weight, the treatment including 40% of it was higher than treatment of the others. 3. The shoot dry weight per plant in treatments consisting both of 40% of earthworm, 40% of peatmoss and 20% of vermiculite and of 60%, 10% and 30% was more significant than that in the control treatment(p<0.05). 4. The average relative growth rates of shoot dry weight, root dry weight and biological yield for all treatments were higher than the ratio of control treatment except the ration of the treatment consisting of 60% of earthworm, 20% of peatmoss and 20% of vermiculite.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.213-221
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• 2024

A family of sixth-order multiple-root solver have been developed and the special case of weight function is investigated. The dynamical analysis of selected iterative schemes with uniparametric polynomial weight function are studied using Möbius conjugacy map applied to the form ((z - A)(z - B))^m and the stability surfaces of the strange fixed points for the conjugacy map are displayed. The numerical results are shown through various parameter spaces.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.153-158
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• 2010

To obtain the basic information for late-cultivation of sweet potato [Ipomoea hatalas (L.) Lam. cv. 'Jinhongmi'], vine growth and storage root yield were investigated in variously cutting sizes (10, 20, and 30 cm) and planting depths (1~4 nodes in 30 cm vine) using black-film vinyl mulching cultivation ($75{\times}25\;cm$ planting density, June 20). At 30 days after planting, main vine length, number of node, and vine fresh weight were significantly affected by the cutting length, and these were significantly different 10 and 30 cm at 120 days. The vine elongation affected by planting depths showed the best growth in 2-nodes planting depth and the lowest growth in 4-nodes planting depth at 30 days, but the vine growth was not significantly different among planting depths at 120 days. Number of storage root per plant, weight of storage root per plant, mean weight of storage root and yield of storage root were increased in longer cutting length, and those in 10 cm cutting length were significantly reduced compared to the 20 and 30 cm cutting length. Number of storage root per plant in the deeper planting was much increased, but mean weight of storage root was much decreased. Yield of storage root per 10a was highest in 3-nodes planting depth. Therefore, planting methods by cutting length over 20 cm and planting depth of 2~3 nodes in late-cultivation of sweet potato will be more efficient to improve the vine growth and storage root yield.

• Plant Resources
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.65-68
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• 1999

This study was conducted to obtain the basic breeding information of Colocasia esculenta Schott. Effect of supplemental plant growth regulators and genotype difference were investigated on dormant bud tissue for proliferation. The plant regeneration ratio, plant height and root length were the best upon mixed treatment of 0.8mg/L IAA and 2.0mg/L zeatin. Both leaf weight and root weight were heavy upon culture in a dark condition. The leaf and root weights were heaviest in 6Pie sucrose concentrations. In several collected area the heaviest one was Binnangxin and then in the order of Suwon, Wanju and Puan. Genotype differences of tuber diameter and tuber weight were found in Suwon. Tuber weight was found in the order of Suwon (862mg) >Wanju(723mg) >Puan(649mg) >Binnangxin (424mg).

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.213-218
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• 2008

The effects of Asiasarum Root on the cell mediated and humoral immune responses were investigated in ICR mice. ICR mice received intraperitoneal injection of methanol extracts (ether fraction, butanol fraction, water fraction) for 5 days before sensitization. The change of body weight (%), the organ weight ratio (%), the numbers of RBC and WBC, the ear swelling by dinitrofluorobenzene, the titers of hemagglutination (HA) and hemolysin (HY) to SRBC were determined. The results were as follows; 1. The change of body weight (%) showed a tendency of increasing. 2. The weight of spleen (%) decreased. 3. Ear swelling was maximum at 48 hours after challenge and was significantly decreased in the groups. 4. The numbers of RBC and WBC were decreased. 5. HA and HY titers were decreased.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.478-482
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• 2001

This study was conducted to investigate the difference of general feature and ginsenoside content of 6 years old ginseng root among different grade of roots. Total weight of a 1st grade-6 years old ginseng root was 115.1g and weight, length, diameter and specific gravity of main root were 64.68g, 8.39cm, 3.31cm and 0.96, respectively. Main root of 1st grade ginseng root was larger in size and specific gravity and more heavy than that of End or 3rd grade of the roots. Though crude saponin contents were not so different among the different grade of roots, but ginsenoside Rb1, Rg1 and Re content were higher in 1st grade of root than that of 2nd or 3rd grade of root. Those ginsenosides were located mainly in periderm and cortex.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.177-181
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• 1988

To get the basic information about ginseng seedling production, yield of ginseng seedling and soil physico-chemical components of Ban-Yang-Jik (semimodified soil) nursery in 29 farmer's field were investigated. The number of available seedling per Kan (Kan means $180{\times}90cm$ area) is $362{\pm}226$. Root weight per seedling was negatively correlated with ammount of fine and extremely fine sand. Positive correlations were shown between pH and OM, K, Ca and Mg, and also between EC and Ca, Mg and ammonium and nitrate nitrogen in soil of nursery. There were significant linear relations between root weight and OM, K, Ca and Mg in soil of nursery. On the other hand, quadratic relation was held between the root weight and $P_2O_5$, but the root weight has no correlation with nitrogen. The nitrogen contents of soil might not influence on the growth of ginseng seedling as greatly as those of $P_2O_5$, K and Ca. The contents of $P_2O_5$, K and Ca in root were increased with increase of the contents of $P_2O_5$, K and Ca in soil of nusery, respectively. It showed the linear correlation between the root weight and $P_2O_5$ and Ca, otherwise quadratic correlation between the root weight and K in root.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.90-96
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• 1991

This experiment was carried out in order to estimate the recovery days of root and stubble to the days after cutting, and contribution of specific stubble weight on the regrowth was examined using the relationships between the dry weight of shoot and yield components, and regrowth parameters by the days after cutting. The varieties examined were Maprima, Manhattan, Tove, Peramo, Caliente, Tempo and P-2 grown under individual plant basis. The results are may be summarized as follows: 1. Dry weight of root and stubble were recovered up to 13.5 and 11 days after cutting, respectively. 2. Dry weight of shoot(regrowth parts+stubble) was affected significantly by the varieties, stages of regrowth and variety x stage of regrowth. 3. The variety with tiller weight type showed higher average productivity of shoot than those of the variety with tiller number type. 4. Absolute growth rate(AGR) of shoot was correlated significantly with regrowth parts, stubble, root and weight of a tiller at the early stage of regrowth(up to 12 days after cutting), and correlated with regrowth parts, stubble, weight of tiller and stubble area at the late stage of regrowth(up to 20 days after cutting). 5. Contribution of specific stubble weight to absolute growth rate of shoot was different between the stages of regrowth. Thus, regrowth parts per specific stubble weight(RP1SSbW) and weight of tiller per specific stubble weight(WT1SSbW) contributed to absolute growth rate of shoot at the early stage of regrowth, and efficiency of specific stubble weight(ESSbW), regrowth parts per specific stubble weight (RPISSbW) and weight of a tiller per specific stubble weight(WT1SSbW) contributed to absolute growth rate of shoot at the late stage of regrowth. 6. Regrowth utilization rate(RUR) was one of the useful regrowth parameter to indicate the regrowth potential of grasses.