• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.26-31
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• 1996

A sesquiterpene ortho-naphtpoquinone was isolated from the 80% aqueous methanolic extract of root bark of Ulmus davidiana Planch whose stem and root bark have been used as an oriental medicine for the treatment of edema, mastitis, gastric cancer and inflammation. On the basis of spectral data obtained from UV-vis, IR, HR-EIMS and NMR spectrometry, including the pulse field gradient (PFG) HMQC and HMBC techniques, the structure of this compound was determined as 2,3-dihydro-3-hydroxy-3,6,9-trimethylnaphtho(1,8-b,c)pyran-7,8-dione which has been known as mansonone 1. This compound has been isolated only from the heart-wood of Mansonia altissima Chev, a Sterculiacea from West Africa. Thus, this compound was isolated for the second time from natural source in this study. This is the first report to present the carbon chemical shift assignment of mansonone I.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.139-145
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• 1995

In order to develop a natural food preservative, the root bark of Morus alba was extracted with several solvents, and then antimicrobial activity was investigated. The optimum extracting condition for the antimicrobial substance from the sample, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extracted substance against microorganisms were also examined. The antimicrobial activity of the ethanol extract form the sample was stronger than those of the extracts by the other solvents such as water, methanol. ethyl acetate and acetone. The optimum extracting condition for antimicrobial substance from the sample was shaking extraction twice for 5 hours at room temperature in case of 7 times of absolute ethanol added to the crushed root bark of Morus alba. The ethanol extract from the root bark of Morus alba had strong B. cereus, L. monocytogenes and S. aureus. Especially, Bacillus species was the most susceptible to the extracted substance. The ethanol extract showed antimicrobial activity against Gram negative bacteria(MIC, 160~1600 ug/ml) and yeasts(MIC, 1600 ug/ml) such as C. albicans and S. acidifaeciens. The extract also showed growth inhibition against molds such as A. niger, A. parasiticus, A versicolar and T. viride.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.21-27
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• 2022

Different parts of the mulberry plant are described to be potential sources of polyphenolics exhibiting strong antioxidant activity. In this study, we prepared various aqueous extracts of mulberry root bark by subjecting to steam at different temperatures and time intervals (45℃, 15 h; 70℃, 15 h; 95℃, 6 h and 95℃, 15 h) followed by extracting at 80℃ for 1 h. The total polyphenolic content ranged from 66.82-101.20 mg gallic acid equivalent (GE)/g of extract whereas the flavonoids were in the range of 13.03-25.23 mg catechin equivalent (CE)/g of extract. The extracts also exhibited strong antioxidant activities (0.99-1.66 mg trolox equivalent (TE)/g of extract in DDPH assay and 10.65-16.26 mg TE/g of extract in ABTS assay). This study clearly showed an improvement in the antioxidant activity of the water extract of mulberry root bark by the steam treatment, which can be used as a tea or health-promoting materials.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.147-153
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• 1995

The ethanol extract from the root bark of Morus alba showed the strongest antimicrobial activity on the growth of almost all the tested microorganisms which were food-borne pathogens and food-related microorganisms. Therefore, fatty acid composition, amino acid composition and shape change of microorganisms treated with the ethanol extract from the root bark of Morus alba were examined. In effects of treatment with the ethanol extract on the fatty acid compositions of B. subtilis, S. aureus and E. coli, fatty aicd compositions such as hexadecanoic acid (16:0) and octadecanoic acid (18:2) of the tested strains were increased but pentadecanoic acid (15:0) heptadecanoic acid (17:0) and acid (16:1) and octadecenoic acid (18:1) of E. coli were decreased. The ethanol extract did not significantly affect the aminn acid composition of the tested strains. Transmission electron micrographs of microorgani는 treated with the ethanol extract exhibited morphological changes that irregularly contracted cell surface in S. aureus and destructed cell walls in B. subtilis and E. coli.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.8-15
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• 2022

Robinia pseudoacacia L. (Leguminosae) is widely distributed in Asia, North America and Europe. The root bark has been traditionally used for hemostasis, arthritis and hypertension. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify the biological activity and the bioactive constituents of the root bark. We found that the methanol extract obtained from the root bark of R. pseudoacacia reduced the level of ROS and NO production in LPS-induced inflammation of RAW 264.7 cell line. Among the fractions, methylene chloride fraction showed the highest inhibitory activity against the inflammation. Seven constituents (1-7) were isolated from this fraction, and the chemical structures were determined to be medicarpin (1), (-)-vestitol (2), indole 3-carboxaldehyde (3), 3-acetylindole (4), liquiritigenin (5), 4(1H)-quinolone (6) and 8-methoxyononin (7). Among the isolates, medicarpin (1), (-)-vestitol (2), 3-acetylindole (4) and liquiritigenin (5) inhibited ROS and NO production in a dose-dependent manner. This is the first study to show the anti-inflammatory activity of the root bark of R. pseudoacacia, and it is suggested that the four constituents (1, 2, 4, and 5) could play a role in the biological activity.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.890-896
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• 2016

Paulownia tomentosa is one of fast-growing wood species in Korea. In order to evaluate the solid bioenergy properties of Paulownia tree, this study examined the heating value, moisture content (MC), pH and proximate analysis of stem, branch, root, bark and leaf. The heating values of wood parts were slightly higher than those of bark and leaf, and that of branch was the highest among all the samples. The higher moisture content of bark and leaf referred to their lower heating value. Also, the pH of stem, branch and root was similar and lower than those of bark and leaf. The ash content of bark and leaf was much higher than that of wood parts, which is the one of the reasons for effect on the lower heating value and higher pH. While, the volatile matter content (VMC) of bark and leaf was lower than those of wood parts. The bark showed the highest fixed carbon content (FCC), while the FCC of stem was the lowest among all the samples. The obtained results are encouraging that the Paulownia tree could be totally utilized as alternative fuels for bioenergy production.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.126-134
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• 2007

This study reviewed the application of an extract from Kalopanax pictus stem bark and root bark as natural antioxidants. To investigate the effect on cell toxic level against transformed mouse fibroblast L929 in formula added with various extracts from Kalopanax pictus stem bark and root bark, this experiment was carried out by in vitro cytotoxicity method. Using DCFA-DA method, oxidative stress in cell was measured with other antioxidant activity methods including DPPH assay and NBT assay. Active oxygen inhibition rate for root bark insoluble hot water extracts showed the highest with 57.9% for 15 min treatment. In DPPH and NBT test, antioxidant activities of methanol extract from stem bark and insoluble hot water extract from stem bark were 96% (at 0.1%) and 95% (at 0.5%), respectively.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.85-88
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• 1999

Aqueous and dichloromethane (DCM) extracts of leaves, root bark and inflorescences of Parthenium hysterophorus L. at various concentrations were used to quantify its allelopathic potential against Indigofera tinctoria, Amaranthus viridis, A. gangeticus, Phaseolus mungo (cv. CO 1), Sorghum vulgare (cv. SPT- 462). Pennisetum typhoideus (cv. WCC-75) and Eleusine corocana (cv. CO 1). The aqueous extracts were more inhibitory than the DCM extracts to the germination and seedling growth of the plants studied. The relative rate of inhibition increased in the order of inflorescences. leaves and root bark in the aqueous extracts. whereas DCM root bark and inflorescences extracts were promoted at lower concentrations.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.31-34
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• 1977

The chemical constituents of root bark of Acanthopanax sessiliflorum Seemann(Araliaceae) which is distributed in southern region of Korea are studied. The five kinds of chemical constituents are isolated from MeOH extract of root bark by column fractionation and purified by recrystallization. Substance $I{\sim}III$ were identified as stigmasterol, ${\beta}-sitosterol$ and campesterol. Substance IV is suggested as a lignan substance based on chemical and spectral discussions. The molecular formula of substance $V\;show\;C_{20}H_{18}O_6$ and its melting point is $120.5{\sim}121.5^{\circ}$. Due to the spectral data, it is confirmed that substance V is a (+) sesamin of lignan.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.35 no.3 s.138
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• pp.194-198
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• 2004

Repeated column chromatography of an ethyl acetate extract of the root bark of Albizzia julibrissin Durazz afforded four compounds, euscaphic acid ester glucoside (1), luteolin-7 -O-neohesperidoside (2), (+)-medioresinol (3), (-)-syringaresinol (4). Their structures were determined by chemical and spectroscopic methods. Compounds 1-4 were isolated from this plant for the first time. Among these compounds, (+)-medioresinol (3) exhibited moderate cytotoxic activity against XF 498 and HCT 15 cell line.