• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.297-304
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• 1994

This study was carried out to develop bioassay for detection of pesticide residues in agricultural products by using the soil microbial isolates sensitive to pesticides. One hundred bacterial isolates and eighty five fungal isolates were obtained from soil and their sensitivity to 10 ppm of several pesticides was examined in vitro. Five bacterial isolates and three fungal isolates were found sensitive to organochloride fungicide and two fungal isolates sensitive to organocopper fungicide. Among these isolates, B46, B93 and F67 were tested to find out the difference in sensitivity according to the methods of fungicide treatment. All of the isolates were found sensitive to 10 ppm of organochloride fungicides mixed directly in PDA. But they were found insensitive to the fungicide mixed in PDA after filtering through membrane filter. In case of organocopper fungicide, the isolates were found sensitive only when it was treated in PDA. And their sensitivity showed difference among various kinds of organochloride fungicides. B46 and B93 were employed to check the possibility as the agent for detection of the pesticidal residues in twenty eight agricultural products including rice. It was found that all samples had not residues because the samples did not inhibit the growth of isolates. When organochloride fungicides were applied to the above products, it was possible to detect the residues in fruits and vegetables at the concentration of 10 ppm, but not in starch-rich grains. B46 and B93 were identified as Bacillus sp. according to their bacterial characteristics in culture.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.60-65
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• 2005

본 연구의 목적은 최근 DHA와 더불어 분유첨가제 등 기능성 신소재로서 수요가 증가되고 있는 arachidonic acid (AA)를 곰팡이 Mortierella alpina ATCC 32222를 이용하여 실질적으로 값싸게 생산할 수 있는 고체발효공정을 개발하기 위한 것이다. 본 연구에서는 회분식 심부 및 고체발효연구를 통하여 균체성장과 AA 생성에 대한 패턴을 조사하였는데, 심부발효에서는 포도당과 효모추출물을 그리고 고체발효에서는 농산 부산물인 저렴한 쌀겨를 원료로 하여 실험하였다. 심부발효 및 고체발효의 속도론적 관점에서 두 공정 모두 균체성장과 AA 생성간에 전형적인 mixed-growth associated pattern이 얻어졌다. 고체발효 배지의 최적화를 위하여 carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio를 6.5-20 범위로 조절하여 실험해 본 결과 쌀겨에 탄소원인 포도당을 첨가해 주지 않은 경우 즉, 6.5에서 가장 좋은 결과가 얻어졌다. 또한 sodium glutamate를 쌀겨에 소량 $(0-4\%,\;w/w)$ 첨가했을 때 보고된 문헌과는 달리 균체성장은 오히려 감소되는 경향을 보였으며, 고온에서 볶은 참깨로부터 얻어진 sesame oil $(7.5\%,\;w/w)$을 첨가했을 경우 AA 생산성은 약 1.2배가 향상되었다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.525-543
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• 2010

This article examines the types and cooking methods for tteok (Korean rice cake) according to its sub-ingredients, as recorded in 18 old literatures of the Joseon dynasty (1392~1909). The sub-ingredients used in tteok during the Joseon dynasty were categorized into flowers, fruits, vegetables, Korean typical medicinal plants, and others. In the early, middle, and late eras of the Joseon dynasty, one, six, and 14 kinds of tteok were prepared using flowers as the sub-ingredient and two, seven, and 32 kinds of tteok were prepared using fruits, respectively. Three, seven, and 38 kinds of Tteok were prepared using vegetables as the sub-ingredient, while there were three, five and 15 kinds tteok prepared using Korean medicinal plants, respectively. One, five, and 13 kinds of tteok were prepared using other ingredients such as fish and seogi mushrooms in the early, middle, and late eras of the Joseon dynasty, respectively. The types of sub-ingredients and the resulting types of tteok increased throughout the Joseon dynasty, indicating that flowers and vegetables were preferred the most among tteok sub-ingredients. Tteoks using flower as the sub-ingredient, whajeon, were mostly jijin-tteok. The types of tteok and cooking methods using other sub-ingredients were discussed in terms of the type of sub-ingredients and their treatment to prepare tteok. The sub-ingredients were mixed with flour, which was the main ingredient for preparing tteok, or ground and shredded to prepare gomul for decorating and stuffing tteok, respectively. It seemed that the appearance and taste of tteok varied, thereby resulting in nutrient supplementation as the kinds of sub-ingredients increased throughout the Joseon dynasty. We expect that the recipes and ingredients as well as the cooking methods recorded in these old articles will contribute to those looking for a healthy life and, furthermore, to the globalization of tteok.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.779-787
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• 2010

The principal objective of this study was to determine the optimal mixing conditions for three amounts of onion powder, sugar, and butter to prepare onion powder cookies. The experimental design was based on the central composite design methodology of response surface, which included 16 experimental points including two replicates for onion powder, sugar, and butter. The mechanical and sensory properties of the cookies were measured, and these values were applied to the mathematical models. A canonical form and perturbation plot showed the influence of each ingredient on the mixed final product. The results of the spread ratio did not show significant results, but hardness increased with increasing quantities of onion powder and sugar but decreased with butter (p<0.01). The color lightness "L" value increased with increasing quantities of sugar and butter but decreased with added onion powder. In contrast, the redness color "a" value increased with increasing quantities of onion powder and sugar. Sugar did not affect the yellowness color "b" value, but the color b value increased with increasing onion powder and sugar. The results of a sensory evaluation using the predicted model showed significant values for flavor (p<0.01), texture (p<0.05), taste (p<0.05), and overall quality (p<0.01). As a result, the optimum formulation by numerical and graphical methods was calculated as 12.58 g onion powder, 35 g sugar, and 52.38 g butter.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.43-52
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• 1996

[Goshogi] which is held from 9th to 16th January, every year is the Buddhist service of praying for the soul of Shinran's $(l173{\sim}1262)$ after death. It is the most majestic high-filling style and also unparalled in the annals of Japanese history in sacrificial offering. Shinran was horned in the Fujiwara's family. And not only he believed Prince Shodoku's belife but also retired to the mountain to enter the priesthood by it. Prince Shodoku built Horyu temple which is the typical temple of Nara ages. Buddism was transmitted from Korean peninsula, three countries of Silla, Bekje and Kokuryo effected on many field of Japnese culture during that ages. At the same time, Kasugadaisha and Danjanjinja of Shinto religion was built by Fujiwara Family. Both of them was Buddhist temple before. Throughout like these historical background, the facts what the religious services and the sacrificial offerings for Prince Shodoku, Wakamiyasai of Kasugas' and Kakitsusai of Danjanjinja must be influenced from Korean Peningula. So the dietary culture of the religious rites and traditional customs between two countries could be thought the relation with a narrow stream strait. But among them, in the size, color and shape, the cooking method and technique in the usage of rice powder and sugar, it is tops in value. The noteworthy points of the thought were as follows: 1. high-filling style of the sacrificial offerings what is mixed and harmonized with Buddhism, Confucious, Sharmanism, Toaism and Korean traditioal customs. 2. eating together of god and human. 3. the fusion of gods and Buddha.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2001년도 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.629-632
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• 2001

자연계로부터 분리된 FJ1의 환경변수 및 기질 특이성을 본 연구에서 살펴보았는데, 분리 균주 FJ1의 특성은 최적pH, 최적온도는 각각 $6{\sim}7$, $25{\sim}30^{\circ}C$이었다. 또한, 분리균주는 FJ는 Avicel, 섬유소페기물과 같은 결정성 섬유소물질의 분해에 유리함을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구에서는 cellulose의 분해에 관련된 효소를 분비하는 분리균주 FJ1의 환경변수 및 기질 특이성을 조사하였고, 이를 기본으로 하여 배양인자의 조절을 통한 최적의 효소생산 및 생산되어진 효소에 의한 섬유소 페기물(볏짚, 폐지, 음식물 쓰레기 등)의 당화 특성을 검토하고 있다.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.686-698
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• 2005

In this study, simultaneous mordanting method of dyeing in the Caesalpinia sappan dye liquor mixed with the rice straw ash solution was employed. The dyeing effects were compared and reviewed according to the changes of dyeing mechanisms of pre-mordanting and simultaneous mordanting using ash solutions. By the direct addition of the ash solution, the pH of the liquor was abruptly changed. In the case of maintaining the pH value of the ash solution at about 7 or 8, compared to the pre-mordanting, $a^{*}$ values increased and $b^{*}$ values decreased. As a result, it is highly desirable in terms of selective emphasis on the reddish hue. The color development, differentiated from that obtainable by the dyeing of chitosan pre-treated fabric, was obtained due to the effect of the water soluble chitosan component on the dyeing mechanism.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.63-73
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• 1986

The purpose of this study was to investigate foreigners' preferences in Korean foods as served in Korean restaurants. A questionnaire was constructed for this study and sent to foreigners residing in the Seoul area. The study showed that when they have a chance to choose a restaurant for eating out, the decision to choose a Korean-Style restaurant is made on the basis of the special flavor of Korean food as well as the desire to experience Korean traditional food culture. Korean style barbecue, mixed vegetables, and dumplings are preferred by most foreigners. Beef rib stew and pibimbab were also selected frequently. Muk, maeuntang, rice cakes, cold noodles and sea weeds were not preferred.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.875-883
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• 2011

양조용 발효제 비율을 달리한 현미 술덧을 정치배양하여 현미식초를 제조하여 품질특성을 조사하였다. 그 결과, 발효과정에서 알코올 함량은 (B) 9.1%, (C) 8.8%, (D) 8.6%, (E) 8.5%로 조효소제 비율이 높을수록 감소하였고 (A)는 7.7%로 가장 낮게 나타났다. 또한 적정산도는 모든 구간에서 0.7% 정도로 나타났다. 정치배양 현미식초의 최종 적정산도는 (BV)가 약 5.2%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 초기 pH는 3.6~4.0으로 나타났고 발효가 진행됨에 따라 꾸준히 감소 하였으며, 발효 15일 이후에는 거의 변화가 없었다. 유기산 함량 변화를 조사한 결과, acetic acid는 모든 첨가구에서 비슷한 함량을 나타내었고, 기타 유기산들은 단일 첨가구(AV, EV)보다 혼합 첨가구(BV, CV, DV)에서 더 높게 나타났다. 따라서 누룩 단일 첨가구에 비하여 누룩 및 조효소제 혼합 첨가구의 알코올 발효능 및 식초의 품질이 더 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 향후, 숙성과정에서 변화를 거치면서 향기성분, 관능적 특성에 차이가 있을 것으로 예상되어 다양한 식초의 품질인자에 관한 연구가 요구된다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.505-513
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate the product characteristics of 'Songhwasulgi,' which combines different kinds of pine pollen flours and sugars with non-glutinous, rich flour. The results of sensory evaluation indicated that the larger amount of pine pollen flour was mixed with non-glutinous rice flour higher level of bitterness, softness, and feeling after-swallowing was obtained degree of chewiness was in relation to the lesser amount of pine pollen flour. With regard to color, a higher acceptance level was achieved as the lesser amount of pine pollen flour was incorporated with non-glutinous rice How. On the other hand, it was revealed that the category of adding a honey to $7\%$ of pine pollen flour was found to be the highest level of flavor and overall quality According to the results of texture evaluation, the degree of hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness decreased as the larger amount of pine pollen flour was combined with non-glutinous rice flour. It was also found that the springiness of the texture tended to be low as more pine pollen flour was added. In addition, the degrees of gumminess and chewiness was inversely related to the amount of pine pollen flour With respect to a correlation between sensory evaluation and mechanical test, it was found that Songhwasulgi with higher acceptance level for color and flavor also obtained a higher level of hardness and overall quality.