• Plant Resources
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.16-26
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• 2003

Molecular markers are useful tools for evaluating genetic diversity and determining cultivar identity. Present study was conducted to evaluate the genetic diversity within a diverse collection of rice accessions used for Korean breeding programs. Two hundred eighty-seven rice cultivars, composed of temperate japonica, tropical japonica, indica, and Tongil-type of Korean crossing parents were evaluated by means of 15 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. A total of 99 alleles were detected, and the number of alleles per marker ranged from 4 to 11, with an average of 6.6 per locus. Polymorphism information content (PIC) for each of the SSR markers ranged from 0.2924 to 0.8102 with an average of 0.5785. These results, with the result that use of only 15 SSR markers made all rice cultivars examined could be uniquely distinguished, imply the efficiency of SSR markers for analysis of genetic diversity in rice. Cluster analysis was performed on similar coefficient matrics calculated from SSR markers to generate a dendogram in which two major groups corresponding to japonica (Group I) and indica and Tongil type rice (group II) with additional subclasses within both major groups. The narrowness of the Korean breeding germplasm was revealed by the fact that most of the Korean-bred and Japan-bred temperate japonica cultivars were concentrated into only 2 of the sub-group I-1 (143 cultivars) and I-2 (58 cultivars) among six sub-groups in major group of japonica. This is because of the japonica accessions used in this study was a very closely related ones because of frequent sharing of the crossing parents with similar genetic background with synergy effect of the inherited genetic difference between indica and japonica. A rice breeding strategy with the use of molecular markers was discussed for overcoming of genetic vulnerability owing to this genetic narrowness.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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• v.13
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• pp.1-27
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• 2004

This study attempts to investigate the difference between the internet shoppingmall types. The main purpose of this study is to verify the relationships among shoppingmall evaluation criteria, shopping satisfaction, revisit frequency, and repurchase intention across the shoppingmall type. The following results were shown by testing eleven hypotheses using LISREL. First, shoppingmall evaluation criteria such as entertainment, product authentification, economical prices and on-time delivery were significantly related to shopping satisfaction in general merchandise shoppingmall. Second, in specialty shoppingmall, evaluation criteria like informativeness, economical prices and on-time delivery significantly affected shopping satisfaction. Third, as contrasted with the expectation, site design and product assortment did not have significant impact on satisfaction in both internet shoppingmall types. Fourth, shopping satisfaction was significantly related to revist frequency and repeat purchase intention. Finally, some theoretical and managerial implications were discussed.

• BMB Reports
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.952-958
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• 2007

We isolated many genes induced from pepper cDNA microarray data following their infection with the soybean pustule pathogen Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines 8ra. A full-length cDNA clone of the Capsicum annuum ankyrin-repeat domain $C_3H_1$ zinc finger protein (CaKR1) was identified in a chili pepper using the expressed sequence tag (EST) database. The deduced amino acid sequence of CaKR1 showed a significant sequence similarity (46%) to the ankyrin-repeat protein in very diverse family of proteins of Arabidopsis. The gene was induced in response to various biotic and abiotic stresses in the pepper leaves, as well as by an incompatible pathogen, such as salicylic acid (SA) and ethephon. CaKR1 expression was highest in the root and flower, and its expression was induced by treatment with agents such as NaCl and methyl viologen, as well as by cold stresses. These results showed that CaKR1 fusion with soluble, modified green fluorescent protein (smGFP) was localized to the cytosol in Arabidopsis protoplasts, suggesting that CaKR1 might be involved in responses to both biotic and abiotic stresses in pepper plants.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.175-180
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• 2015

Twenty Inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) primers were used to assess genetic diversity of 64 Agaricus strains including 45 A. bisporus strains and other 19 Agaricus spp. ISSR primers, (GA)T, (AG)YC, (GA)C and (CTC) amplified PCR polymorphic bands between the Agaricus species or within A. bisporus strains. PCR polymorphic bands were inputted for UPGMA cluster analysis. The varieties, Saea, Saedo, Saejeong and Saeyeon that have recently been developed in Korea were involved in the same group with closely genetic relationship of coefficient similarity over 0.92, whereas, other Korean strains were genetically related to A. bisporus strains that were introduced from USA, Eroupe and Chinese. Furthermore, ISSR-PCR polymorphism could potentially be used to identify homokaryon isolates.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.17-25
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• 2005

We have mined each of the five A. thaliana chromosomes for the presence of simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and developed custom perl scripts to examine their distribution and abundance in relation to genomic position, local G/C content and location within and around transcribed sequences. The distribution of repeats and G/C content with respect to genomic regions (exons, UTRs, introns, intergenic regions and proximity to expressed genes) are shown. SSRs show a non-random distribution across the genome and a strong association within and around transcribed sequences, while G/C density is associated specifically with the coding portions of transcribed sequences. SSR motif repeat number shows a high degree of variation for each SSR type and a high degree of motif sequence bias reflecting local genome sequence composition. PCR primers suitable for the amplification of identified SSRs have been designed where possible, and are available for further studies.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 1999.07a
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• pp.203-203
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• 1999

Mass spectrometry technique provides the molecular weight distribution, data on the sequence of repeat units, polymer additives, and impurities, and structural information. time-of-Flight secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) has been used for structural characterization of various polymers1-2. the masses of repeat units and terminal groups and molecular weight distributions of polymers have been determined from their TOF-SIMS spectra. TOF-SMIS provides good sensitivity and structural specificity for high mass ions so that intact oligomers and large polymer fragments are observed. In this study, we investigated the detailed structural information on the oligomers and fragment ions of branched poly(1,3-butylene adipate) and branched poly[di(ethylene glycol) adipate] and the transesterification products of branched polyesters with trifluoroacetic acid or chloro difluoroacetic acid. Branched polyesters were chosen because they are important polymers but difficult to characterize; thus branched polyesters provide challanging test for TOF-SIMS. TOF-SIMS spectra of polyesters are obtained from thin polymer films cast from solution on a silver substrate. A good solvent for a polumer solution disrupts intermolecular forces between polymer chains but leaves the polumer intact. Transesterification reactions are potentially useful for characterization of high molecular weight and intractable polyesters. Transesterification products of polyesters and trifluoroacetic acid or an integral number of polyester repeat units and an additional diol. The progress of such reactions was monitored using peak intensities of reactants and products in TOF-SIMS spectra. The increasing abundance of tagged ions indicates that the reaction has progressed with time.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.6715-6721
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• 2015

Recently, DNA data of missing person, killed person, and missing child continue to increase but most of statistical calculation for paternity confirmation is being done through manual methods or Excel. Therefore, we need development of a software which is able to facilitate both systematic management and effective analysis of Short Tandem Repeat (STR) derived from DNA data. Without extensive testing, through a twenty-month study was developed a web-based system which performs paternity analysis and kinship analysis easily based on the various options. The former uses an existing algorithm for paternity index and the latter does Identity by descent (IBD) formula. Due to our system validated over real datasets in terms of likelihood ratio and probability of paternity, it ensures increased reliability as well as effective management and analysis of DNA data in mass disaster. In addition, it includes advanced features such as an integrated environment, user-centered interface, process automation and so on.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.265-270
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• 1999

The gene encoding Plasmodium vivax circumsporozoite protein (PvCSP) exhibits polymorphism in many geographical isolates. The present study was designed to investigate polymorphism in PvCSP gene of P. vivax isolates in Korea. Thirty isolates, obtained from indigenous cases in Yonchon-gun, Kyonggi-do in 1997, were subjected for sequencing and RFLP analysis of the repeat and post-repeat regions of PvCSP gene and two genotypes (SK-A and SK-B) were identified. The genotype of 19 isolates was SK-A and that of 11 isolates was SK-B. Although the number of 12-base repeats present in SK-A was three while two were found in a Chinese strain CH-5, the repeat sequence of SK-A was identical to that of CH-5 except for one base substitution. Compared with known data there was no identical isolates with SK-B, but the sequence of SK-B was similar to that of a North Korean (NK) isolate. These results indicate that two genotypes of PvCSP coexist in the present epidemic area of Korea and the present parasite may originate from East Asia. RFLP would be useful to classify genotypes of P. vivax population instead of gene sequencing.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.289-295
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• 2006

This study was carried out to evaluate the suitability of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers for varietal identification and genetic diversity in 28 commercial tomato varieties. The relationship between marker genotypes and 28 varieties was analyzed. Of the 219 pairs of SSR primers screened against ten tomato varieties, 18 pairs were highly polymorphic with polymorphism information content (PIC) ranging from 0.467 to 0.800. Among the polymorphic loci, two to nine SSR alleles were detected for each locus with an average of 3.3 alleles per locus. Genetic distances were estimated according to Jaccard's methods based on the probability that the amplified fragment from one genotype would be present in another genotype. These varieties were categorized into cherry and classic fruit groups corresponding to varietal types and genetic distance of cluster ranging from 0.35 to 0.97. The phonogram discriminated all varieties by marker genotypes. The SSR markers proved to be useful variety identification and genetic resource analysis of tomato.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.21-28
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• 1998

From September 1993 to August 1997, we treated ovarian disorders in 1,782 repeat breeder cows after diagnosis by ultrasound on 35 farms in Kyeong-ki do. The rates of ovarian appearance were 59.8% of CL group, 16.7% of ovarian atrophy or hypofunction, 15.4% of luteal cyst, 4.3% of follicular cyst and 3.7% of follicle group in diagnosis with rectal palpation and ultrasound. The results of treatment for ovarian disorders were 1,316 cows(73.8%) in estrus, 348 cows(19.5%) in non-detected and 118 cows(6.6%) in unidentified. The rates of PGF$_2$$\alpha$, GnRH and mineral vitamin complex treatment to estrus were 79.6, 69.2 and 50.3%. Two groups were treated with 5 ml PGF$_2$$\alpha$ intramuscular injection(I.M.) and 1.5 ml PGF$_2$$\alpha$ intraovarian injection(I.O.), and the results of 1.5ml PGF$_2$$\alpha$ I.0. were significantly higher than that of 5ml PGF$_2$$\alpha$ I.M. in inductiom estrus(p<0.05). The pregnant rates were 29.8% in total repeat breeder cows with ovarian disorders following diagnosis and treatment. In summary, rectal palpation and ultrasonography were proven to be useful tools of diagnosis and treatment in ovarian disorders, and it was also suggested that the response to treatment with PGF$_2$$\alpha$ I.0. was better than PGF$_2$$\alpha$ I.M.