• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.151-166
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• 2016

This study examined frequency of contact between parents and their non-coresident, never-married daughters and sons compared to children in other marital statuses. Despite an increasing number of never married adults, little is known about the extent to which they may be willing to remain connected to and exchange support with their parents. The data were drawn from first wave of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA, 2006). For analyses, respondents who had at least one non-coresident child aged 40 or older were selected, resulting in the analytic sample of 2,755 parents with 7,741 children. Both sibling fixed effects regression models and regression models with robust standard errors were estimated using the xtreg and reg procedures in STATA. Findings revealed significant marital status by gender interaction effects on face-to-face contact. Never-married daughters were more likely to see their parents compared to their married, divorced, or widowed counterparts. Never-marred sons, on the other hand, reported slightly lower levels of in-person contact with their parents in comparison to married sons and lower levels of contact compared to divorced or widowed sons. More frequent contact via phone, mail, or email was reported in daughter-parent relationship compared to son-parent relationship, but no significant marital status by gender interactions were observed.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.162-174
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the current status of dietary habits and dietary life competency of elementary school parents, who are influential to the dietary life of their children and family. A survey was conducted with 362 elementary school parents living in Seoul and Gyeonggi province by using a self-administered questionnaire consisting of 53 questions on dietary habits, dietary life competency, home cooking frequency, and dietary education needs. The results were as follows: The scores of dietary habits and dietary life competency were 76.35 and 74.51 out of 100, respectively, suggesting a need for improvement. Parents with higher monthly income, demonstrated higher scores of both dietary habits and dietary life competency (p<0.001). As expected, female parents showed higher scores of dietary life competency than male parents (p<0.01). there was also a close relationship between the scores of dietary habits and dietary life competency (r=0.58). The parents with high scores for dietary habits and dietary life competency showed a significantly higher frequency of home cooking (p<0.001) compared to medium- or low-scored parents. Most parents answered that dietary education need to be started earlier, and that their main source of dietary life information was mass media. They also showed a preference for real experience and practice for dietary education. The above results showed that there is a close relationship between dietary habits and dietary life competency, and suggest that continuous education is necessary to improve the dietary habits and dietary life competency of elementary school parents. Because monthly income appeared to be the most influential socioeconomic factor for the parents' dietary habits and dietary life competency, continuous efforts on dietary education are necessary to reduce the score gaps in these categories.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.17-33
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• 2000

The aim of this study is having the status, knowledge and attitude of the high school attendees toward smoking be analyzed, helping to make effective health education methods to diminish adolescent smoking habits. The field self-questionnaire investigation has been performed from Oct 10th through 23rd in 1999. The whole 427 cases were distributed to 1st and 2nd grade students of randomly selected men's high school in Seoul. And 414 cases (97%) were finally selected for analysis after exclusion of cases with insufficient information. The main contents of questionnaire are composed of several sectors; the general characteristics of the interviewees, the relationship with parents, the life style and the peer relationship in school. And smoking-related characteristics are taken into consideration, too. The major findings of the study are as follows: The smoking/non-smoking related factors are, in socio-demographical terms, the grade, average spending per month of the interviewees. And the degree of satisfactory relationship with parents is significant on smoking behavior. The higher, the degree of satisfaction on school life and relationship with designated teacher, the more chances of non-smoking habit. Poor academic grades and peer group dependability of interviewees cause higher smoking habit rate in other way. The self-interviewees grade and cohabitation with parents are also significant on both the attitude toward smoking habit and the knowledge on smoking statistically. The academic history and vocations of the parents and the academic grades of interviewees are also effective variables, but don't make any gap between groups knowledge on smoking. Smoking groups used to have positive attitude toward smoking habit. Both the attitude and knowledge on smoking by the consideration of Quit-smoking have statistically significance. The groups which have negative attitude and high knowledge on smoking quit-smoking into consideration. And the primary cause of quit-smoking is on health by smoking. Depression, stress, adult smoking in the house, peer group pressure, cigarettes advertisements on papers and magazines and smoking scenes on TV have positive correlation on forming smoking habit (p〈0.001) But the knowledge on diseases triggered by smoking has negative correlation on forming smoking habit. (p〈0.05, p〈0.001). Social factors as monthly spending, relationship and communication with parents, the degree of satisfaction in school life, academic grades and student-teacher relationship have crucial negative correlation on smoking habit. That is to say, the higher, the monthly spending is, the worse, the relationship with parents and teachers is, the lower, the academic grades of the student is, the percentage of the interviewees who have smoking habit seems to get higher.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.43 no.10 s.212
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• pp.103-114
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• 2005

This study analyzed the effect of parent-child communication and peer relationship on children's internet addiction. The subjects were 642 elementary school students living in Daejeon city. Cronbach's $\alpha$, t-test, ANOVA, and Duncan's test were employed in analyzing the data by using SPSS 10.0. The findings of this study were as follows First, the boys were more addicted to internet use than the girls, as were the children of less educated parents. The children of parents with professional careers were less addicted to the internet. The children who perceived their school achievements as low were more addicted to the internet. Second, the children who spent more time daily, longer time at once and more frequently per weekly internet use were more addicted. Third, internet addiction was influenced tv parent-child communication and peer relationship. Boys who had more problem communications with their parents less open communication with their mother and a lower level of peer support were more addicted to the internet. The problem of communication with their mother and conflict in their peer relationship had more influence on the internet addiction of girls.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.1-16
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• 1996

This study has examined multiple influences of several variables on parenting behavior by looking into illustrative studies. This study provides support to the view that various factors influence parenting and that parenting behavior is multiply determined. Characteristics of parents, children and the context in which parent-child relations occur cause different childrearing patterns among parents. This study can be summarized as follows: 1) Parental behavior is influenced to a large degree by what the parent brings to the situation. In other words, characteristics of the parent including personality characteristics, interpersonal skills, problem-solving skills, level of maturity, values and childrearing beliefs contribute to individual differences in parenting. 2) The parent's relationship history influences the personality characteristics that the parent brings to his or her adult roles. To understand who the parent is today, we have to look at who the parent was, and what the parent was doing in the years prior to parenthood. That is, we need to see the life course of the individual before parenthood. 3) Contextual variables including the immediate context and the larger context have proved to influence parental behaviors. Characteristics of the immediate context such as the quality of marital rationship can influence the parent's psychological well-being and his or her behavior toward the childen while characteristics of the larger context such as the economic situation and the neighborhood can influence the level of stress experienced by the parent and cosequently how the parent relates to his or her child. 4) In order to understand the development of the parent-child relationship we need to look at the characteristics of the child. Children may elicit positive behaviors from their parents, or they may possess characteristics that the parents find aversive thus leading to difficulties in the relationship. Therefore, much depends on the fit beween the characteristics of the parents and characteristics of the child. By examining multiple contemporaneous influences on parenting, this study could deepen the understanding of why parents have different childrearing patterns, why some parents fail to meet their children's demands and why parents act in certain ways. What we ultimately hope is that as we learn more about parenting and the development of parent-child relationships, we will be better able to provide parents with the supports they need to achieve their parenting goals.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.565-585
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• 2016

This study purpose was to explore whether career maturity and parents-children relationship related factors were differentiated by giftedness, gender and secondary school level (research question 1). In addition, this study focused on the effects of parents-children relationship related factors on career maturity with a comparison on gifted and regular students (research question 2). The sample included 213 gifted middle school and high school students who participated in the Korean gifted education center and 243 regular students. Multivariate analysis of variance was conducted for research question 1, and hierarchical regression analysis was conducted for research question 2. The results of this study showed that (1) gifted students showed a higher level of career maturity, achievement expectation (parents-children relationship), respect (parents-children relationship), discussion and leisure (activity with parents), sharing ordinary life and communication (activity with parents), career support of parents compared to regular students ; (2) Girls showed higher level only in sharing ordinary life and communication compared to boys ; (3) middle school students more highly perceived the parents' achievement expectation and control, respect for parents, activities with parents (discussion and leisure, sharing ordinary life and communication) compared to high school students ; (4) the career support of parents was the strongest predictor of career maturity, and discussion and leisure was also a significant factor predictor of career maturity. Based on these results, it was suggested for parents to support their children's career maturity of both gifted and regular students by increasing frequencies of various activities shared with their children such as discussion and leasure.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.101-111
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• 2011

The purpose of study was to examine the associations between relationship with parents, personality traits and friendship quality among college students. A total of 373 college students (mean age=20.45, 53.6% girls) responded to questionnaires IPPA-R(Raja, McGee & Stanton, 1992) and IPIP(Goldberg, 1999). Pearson Correlation and regression analysis were used for data analysis 1) Both male and female students who have positive experiences with parents positive experiences with their friends. 2) For male college students, extroversion, openness to experience, agreeableness and conscientiousness were positively correlated with friendship quality. However, for female students, only extroversion and agreeableness were positively associated with friendship quality whereas neuroticism was negatively associated with friendship quality. 3) A good relationships with significantly interacted with conscientiousness of personality traits in predicting male students' friendship quality. For female college students, the moderating effect of extroversion was found in the link between relationship with mother and friendship quality.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.83-111
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• 2002

This study examines the structure of intergenerational relationship and its effects on old-age security of the Korean society. Of interest is the effects of the middle aged's attitudes on old parents'security on their intergenerational exchange relationship and on their own old-age security as well. This study also attempts to test the applicability of the social exchange perspective to the study of intergenerational support relationship in Korea The social exchange perspective considers intergenerational relationship as an exchange of aids and rewards between generations. However due to strong norm of filial duty and inadequate welfare system, supporting old parents is regarded as younger generation's duty in Korea This study utilizes a survey data conducted by Kim et al.(2000). Major findings can be summarized as follows. First, the middle aged who gives one-sided supports to their parents tends to have the traditional attitude on old parents' security. It implies that intergenerational support relationship in Korea is not consistent with the explanations from the social exchange perspective. This study suggests a 'chained reward system'as an altermative explaining the intergenerational relationship. Second, an absolute majority of the middle aged tend to think that they are responsible for their own old-age security regardless of the pattern of intergenerational support relationship and attitudes on old parents' security. It implies that the middle aged in Korea holds the status of 'marginal men' who supports their parents but can't take the similar supports from their children.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.31-46
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between communication with parents of vocational girls' high school students and their problem behaviors, to find out variables which influence them. Data were collected by the second grade 389 students of vocational girls' high school students in Pusan. Major findings were as follows: 1. Problem behaviors were different according to the type of problem behaviors and behavior frequencies. 2. Problem behaviors were influenced positively by the delinquency of friends and negatively by communication with parents and the successful school life. Communication with parents was influenced positively by the harmonious family atmosphere and the successful school life, negatively by stepparent family. 3. Runaway was influenced negatively by the harmonious family atmosphere and positively by the delinquency of friends. Gang fight was influenced negatively by the successful school life and positively by the delinquency of friends. Sex affairs was influenced positively by the delinquency of frends. Suicide trial was influenced negatively by the harmonious family atmosphere and the delinquency of friends, positively by stepparent family and communication with their parents. Gang fight was influenced by school environmental factors and suicide trial was influenced by family environmental factors.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.263-280
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• 2014

The purpose of our study was to figure out the generation gap between adolescents group and parents group in the sub-dimensions of perceptions on online games, such as harmfulness and benefits of online games, impacts and values of online games, parent-adolescent relationship with regard to online game activities, and government regulation of online games. To this end, we conducted online survey targeting middle or high school students and parents with children attending middle or high school regarding the perceptions on online games. As a result, we identified the similarities and differences between adolescents and parents generation in the sub-dimensions of perceptions on online games. Especially, we found significant differences between adolescents and parents generation in the perceptions on violence and sociality of online games. This result shows that the generation gap in these two factors may cause the conflict between parents and adolescents with regard to online game activities. Also, we ascertained the significant generation gap in the perception on parent-adolescent relationship with regard to online game activities. This result implies that parent-adolescent relationship in the developmental process of adolescents in real life was reflected in the perception on parent-adolescent relationship with regard to online game activities. Our contributions are in specifying the generation gap in the sub-dimensions of the perceptions on online games and in identifying the main causes of the conflict between parents group and adolescent group with regard to online game activities.