• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.86 no.1
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• pp.87-97
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• 1997

In this research, photo images of uncultivated marginal lands were simulated to visualize alternative land use patterns using image capture technology. Based on an original photos, 3 simulated images were created ; barren condition, aforested condition and shrub-covered condition. The simulated images were then used to evaluate respondents' visual preference(SBE value) and willingness to pay for the agricultural development tax as a hypothetical payment vehicle. The SBE values for barren condition are the lowest, as expected. When original condition is changed to forested or shrubbed, the SBE values are increased significantly. The logistic models for the willingness to pay for the various alternative land uses performed significantly, ${\rho}$ statistics for 6 models ranges from 0.3 to 0.4 and correct percentage for predicted probability are about 75%. Among independent variables, the amount of tax offered is the most influencing factor to predict the probability. Income also shows some relationship with no statistical significance. Other variables behave inconsistently in the model. When SBE and WTP are correlated, rather consistent trends can be observed. With the increase of SBE, WTP predicted by the model increases accordingly. It can be concluded that enhancement of scenic quality of the agricultural lands leads to increase of people's willingness to pay to support the rural environmental conservation.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.621-630
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• 2011

This research examines the push and pull factors of temple stay in Korean national parks. 152 participants of temple stay in Woljeongsa and Guryongsa in national parks in Gangwon-do area completed a survey to access their reasons for participating in temple stay(push factors) and to evaluate how well the visiting experience performed on a selected set of attributes(push factors). Demographics of respondents were similar to the visitor characteristics of Korean national parks. The result of factor analysis identified 6 push factor domains of 'self actualization', 'health enhancement', 'nature assimilation', 'relationship elevation', 'religious experience', and 'leisure experience'. 6 pull factor domains were 'recuperative quality', 'quality of a temple stay program', 'attributes of a temple', 'user convenience', 'tourism experience' and 'accessibility and transportation'. Satisfaction level of temple stay in a national park was very high of 4.71 in a 5 Likert scale. Gangwon- Do was most preferred with the percentage of 89.2 as a suitable area for temple stay in a national park. Findings of multi-dimensional tourism motivations of temple stay in a national park that encompass nature tourism, cultural tourism and religious tourism is expected to provide useful information for the future development of a more competitive temple stay program and a marketing strategy. However, more defined successive research work is required to generalize findings of wellness oriented push and pull factors of temple stay based on nature in national parks.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.197-205
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• 2020

Korean language has the characteristics that the pronunciation of phoneme units such as vowels and consonants are fixed and the pronunciation associated with a notation does not change, so that foreign learners can approach rather easily Korean language. However, when one pronounces words, phrases, or sentences, the pronunciation changes in a manner of a wide variation and complexity at the boundaries of syllables, and the association of notation and pronunciation does not hold any more. Consequently, it is very difficult for foreign learners to study Korean standard pronunciations. Despite these difficulties, it is believed that systematic analysis of pronunciation errors for Korean words is possible according to the advantageous observations that the relationship between Korean notations and pronunciations can be described as a set of firm rules without exceptions unlike other languages including English. In this paper, we propose a visualization framework which shows the differences between standard pronunciations and erratic ones as quantitative measures on the computer screen. Previous researches only show color representation and 3D graphics of speech properties, or an animated view of changing shapes of lips and mouth cavity. Moreover, the features used in the analysis are only point data such as the average of a speech range. In this study, we propose a method which can directly use the time-series data instead of using summary or distorted data. This was realized by using the deep learning-based technique which combines Self-organizing map, variational autoencoder model, and Markov model, and we achieved a superior performance enhancement compared to the method using the point-based data.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.481-484
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• 2010

Purpose: Congenital dermoid cysts develop during the fusion of the embryo when the ectodermal tissue gets trapped in the line of fusion. Dermoid cysts of the head are rare lesions comprised of epidermal and mesodermal elements. Furthermore, dermoid cysts in the occipital area are extremely rare. Only a few cases of dermoid cysts in the posterior scalp have been reported. Especially, A bilateral, synchronous presentation in this location has not been reported previously in the literature. Methods: All 5 cases had a gradually enlarging mass of the posterior aspect of the scalp. The cysts were mobile, noncompressible, and non-tender, without evidence of an associated sinus tract, skin dimpling, discoloration, or communication with adjacent structures. The CT scan displayed a hypodense cystic lesions about -87 to +24 HU (Housefield units, average +3.2 HU) with hypodense capsule and no postcontrast enhancement. All tumors were found just under the skin, and were well encapsulated, so they were completely removed the mass with adjacent periosteum. Results: On gross findings, all tumors were oval-or round-shaped, and when the cystic tumor was cut open it presented a greasy and caseous substance. Histologically, all specimens contain desquamated squamous epithelium and keratin in the lumen and are encapsulated and lined by keratinized stratified squamous epithelium. And, all cases of posterior mass are the presence of adnexal structures. Conclusion: Appropriate diagnosis requires not only an index of suspicion for this rare tumor a very careful history and search for skin changes. Especially, CT can reveal the exact location of the cyst, its relationship with the adjacent structures. We think that occipital dermoids divide into superficial and deep type. In our cases, because they did not have intra-cranial involvement or fistula formation, they are superficial type. This report describes the clinical and operative aspects of the superficial dermoid cysts and provides a review of the literatures.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.1445-1473
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• 2018

This study aims to analyze research-based spin-off companies, which are established in Innopolis to promote the commercialization of R&D outputs of public institutions. We analyzed 175 technology-based start-ups, which were founded before 2016, to examine how the companies' capabilities affect the sales growth rate. The results show that technological capability and entrepreneurial capability have positive relations with sales growth, while network capability and finance capability do not have significant associations. In addition, R&D intensity (R&D expenditure per employee) has moderating effects on the association between firm capabilities and sales growth rate since it strengthens the effect of technological capability and entrepreneurial capability but weakens the influence of network capability. This study contributes to widening the understanding of the importance of capabilities of research-based spin-off companies and their performance, and differs from most previous literature since it uses objective and quantitative data. It further suggests policy implications that the enhancement of technological and entrepreneurial capability are important for the stable growth of technology-based startups in the early stage.

• Korean Journal of Family Social Work
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• no.58
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• pp.37-66
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of elderly generation sympathy, family intimacy and age-friendly environment of young and middle-aged generations on supporting the older adults, and to identify differences of influencing factors among generations. With these purpose, we used data of the '2017 Age Integration Survey' provided by the Humanities and Social Capacity Enhancement Project in Korea Research Foundation. The analysis of the data was performed on 640 participants who were between 18 and 64 years old, and they were selected from total 1017 study population. The analysis method was the Structural Equation Model(SEM). The results of this study were as follow. Firstly, elderly generation sympathy and family intimacy were significant statistically significant effect on the notion of supporting the older adults positively to all generations. Secondly, the relationship between the notion of supporting the older adults and the influential factors suggested in this study was found to be significant among the generations. Thirdly, the young generation showed a statistically significant effect on the notion of supporting the older elderly generation sympathy and family intimacy. Elderly generation sympathy and family intimacy had a significant statistical impact in the middle aged generation, however, age-friendly environment significant statistically significant effect on notion of supporting the older adults negatively. With these results, we presented practical and policy suggestions to enhance the notion of supporting the older adults.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.306-317
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to examine the structural relationships among the Big Five personality traits, self-esteem, job satisfaction, and life satisfaction of employees and to investigate how these relationships vary depend on gender. Using data from 1183 employees from the 18th and 19th Korean Labor and Income Panel Study (KLIPS) in 2015 and 2016, we investigate the structural relationships among variables including multi-group path analysis by gender. This study found that openness to experience(${\beta}=.07$), conscientiousness(${\beta}=.19$), and extraversion(${\beta}=.09$) were positively associated with employees' self-esteem while neuroticism was negatively associated(${\beta}=-.09$). Second, only neuroticism among the Big Five personality traits was significantly related to job satisfaction(${\beta}=.08$). Third, conscientiousness(${\beta}=.08$) and agreeableness(${\beta}=.09$) were significantly related to life satisfaction. Fourth, self-esteem positively affected career satisfaction(${\beta}=.31$) and life satisfaction(${\beta}=.29$). Fifth, self-esteem mediated the links between all Big Five personality traits, except agreeableness, as well as job and life satisfaction. Sixth, the effect of extraversion on life satisfaction had differences between male and female. These results imply that self-esteem enhancement program based on the Big Five personality traits should be implemented in order to improve employee's job and life satisfaction.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.411-419
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• 2019

Nowadays we are not able to consider and imagine anything without taking into account what is called Artificial Intelligence. Even broadcasting media technologies could not be thought of outside this newly emerging technology of A.I.. Since the last part of 20th century, this technology seemingly is accelerating it's development thanks to an unbelievably enormous computational capacity of data information treatments. In conjunction with the firmly established worldwide platform companies like GAFA(Google, Amazon, Facebook, Apple), the key cutting edge technologies dubbed NBIC(Nanotech, Biotech, Information Technology, Cognitive science) converge to change the map of the current civilization by affecting the human relationship with the world and hence modifying what is essential in humans. Under the sign of the converging technologies, the relatively recently coined concepts such as 'trans(post)humanism' are emerging in the academic sphere in the North American and Major European regions. Even though the so-called trans(post)human movements are prevailing in the major technological spots, we have to say that these terms do not yet reach an unanimous acceptation among many experts coming from diverse fields. Indeed trans(post)humanism as a sort of obscure term has been a largely controversial trend. Because there have been many different opinions depending on scientific, philosophical, medical, engineering scholars like Peter Sloterdijk, K. N. Hayles, Neil Badington, Raymond Kurzweil, Hans Moravec, Laurent Alexandre, Gilbert Hottois just to name a few. However, considering the highly dazzling development of artificial intelligence technology basically functioning in conjunction with the cybernetic communication system firstly conceived by Nobert Wiener, MIT mathematician, we can not avoid questioning what A. I. signifies and how it will affect the current media communication environment.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.567-578
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between growth mindset, grit and self-directed learning ability of nursing students and investigate the factors influencing self-directed learning ability in online education. Data were collected through online surveys; subjects were consisted of 194 nursing students from J University in province C. Data were analyzed based on frequency, percentile, mean, Pearson's correlations, and multiple regressions. Self-directed learning ability, mindset, and grit in nursing students showed significant positive correlations with each other. Grit had the strongest influence on nursing students' self-directed learning abilities, followed by satisfaction for major studies, standard of living, interpersonal relations, and growth mindset; these factors accounted for 38.1% of the total variance in self-directed learning abilities among nursing students(Adj. R²=.381, p<.001). Overall self-directed learning ability can be improved by grit, growth mindset enhancement program.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.173-184
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• 2021

This paper aims to examine the effects of perceived social fairness and upward social mobility on the individual emotional depression. Specifically, this study investigates the conditions under which the effects are more or less pronounced for the sake of shedding more light on the relationship between social-cognitive and psychological factors. The key proposition of this study is that as one holds more favorable beliefs about the fairness of the society to which (s)he belong, (s)he would have more optimistic expectations for the possibility of his or her own upward social mobility. Moreover, the decrease of this expectation could exacerbate his or her emotional depression with the expectation that (s)he might not get what (s)he deserves despite his or her time and effort put into achieving such goals. This study also adds further boundary conditions to these effects, such that the decrease of emotional depression is more pronounced when (1)social capital and (2)economic resources are scarce (versus abundant). To test these predictions, this study used the survey data on a total of 8000 people collected by Gallup Korea at the request of the Korea Institute of Public Administration. The analyses provided support for the proposed model of the present study. These results should contribute to laying the theoretical foundation for the establishment of policies and research models on the enhancement of fairness and prevention of depression in the future.