• The Korean Journal of Elementary Counseling
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.21-33
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• 2012

This study examined the differences of academic achievement by social status types through sociometry. This study analyzed 201 students in grade 6 in S elementary school. The social status is classified by 7 (popular, average, rejected, aggressive-rejected, submissive-rejected, neglected, controversial) with academic achievement of each type as dependent variables to figure out the relation between social status types and academic achievement. To classify 5 social status types, a sociometry program developed by Ahn, Ie-Hwan (2007) was used, 2 social status types was classified with experimental condition, and its dependent variable was the score by subjects in the mid-term exam of the 1st semester in 2011. The average values of humanities courses (Korean and social studies) and natural science courses (math and science) were compared by both sexes and 7 social status types. The reference group was average group. As a result, as to male students, N type had the highest score both in humanities courses and natural science courses while C type had the lowest score in both groups. As to female students, P, N, C types had the highest score in both groups with similar range while R type had the lowest score in both groups. This result demonstrates that the academic achievement of students had relatively high relevance with social status. and also, suggestion that how teachers can do to enhance the academic achievement of elementary school students.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.107-117
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• 1993

This study was a clinical Quasi-experiment to examine the effects of the range of motion exercise on powerlessness and life satisfaction among the E-Institutionalized elderly in Pusan. The purpose was to test the effect of the range of motion exercises on powerlessness and life satis-faction, and to examine the correlation between powerlessness and life satisfaction. The subjects for this study were 54 elderly people, both were over 60 and residing at I-Institution in Pusan. The research samples of 54 elderly were divided into an experimental and control group by matching randomized assignment. The instruments for this study were the Assessment Tool of Powerlessness in the elderly developed by Miller, Life satisfaction developed by Yoon Jin, and the Active-Passive Range of Motion Exercise Program which was developed and utilized by Shin, Jae-Shin. The data were collected from December 15, 1990 to November 1991. The paired t-test, t-test and ANCOVA were used to test hypothesis I and II, related to the Effect of the Range of Motion Exercises to powerlessness and life satisfaction. To identify the relationship of the range of motion exercises to powerlessness and life satisfaction, path analysis was done through multiple regression. The interrelationship of the variables was analyzed using t-test paired t-test. The results of the three hypothesis can be summarized as follows : 1. Hypothesis I -the experimental group which participated in the Range of Motion Exercise gets lower powerlessness score than that of the control group-was accepted by t-test (t = -3.40, p = .001) but not accepted by ANCOVA (F = .1, p =.96). 2. Hypothesis II - the experimental group which participated in the Range of Motion Exercise gets a higher Life Satisfaction Score than that of the control group-was not supported by t-test(t = 1.01, p = .316) but was accepted by ANCOVA (F = 4.39, p = .006). 3. Hypothesis III - if the powerlessness Score becomes higher, the Life Satisfaction Score will be-come lower - was accepted by Pearson Correlation Coefficient (pre-exercise : r : -.34, p=.006), (post exercise : r = -.06, p=.32) . The relation-ship between the score of powerlessness and life satisfaction was negatively correlated. The results obtained clearly showed that the effects of the range of motion exercises on powerlessness and life satisfaction are beneficial to the elderly The relation between the scores of powerlessness and life satisfaction was negatively correlated and the range of motion exercise had a direct influence to powerlessness. Therefore, it is concluded that the relationship between powerlessness and life satis-faction was not a causal one. Also it is concluded that the range of motion exercises can be applied as a nursing intervention to reduce powerlessness and to improve life satisfaction in the elderly.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.341-347
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to examine the variables such as communication with mother and depression with regard to headache in headache-suffering children. The study subjects consisted of 315 in 5th&6th grade elementary school children in T city, headache-suffering children mean children experiencing twice or more march, 2. 2000 - July. 20, 2000. The data were analyzed by SAS computer program. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The mean score for communication with mother was 73.74 in headache-free group and 70.42 in headache-suffering group and difference had statistical significance. 2. The mean score for depression was 39.43 in headache-free group and 43.03 in headache-suffering group and difference had statistical significance. This study in relation to nursing implies that there is a need to teach mothers to encourage positive communication with children and that to develop depression-reducing program to prevent headache attack in children.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.65-81
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• 1992

The purpose of this study was to investigate children's conceptions about gender and the relation between gender conceptions and preference for gender related tasks. 130 children were interviewed about gender and gender related tasks. Data were analyzed with the component model of gender schema. Results indicated that children's gender schema in the attitudes domain was significantly different with age in all components but not different with sex. The gender schema in the knowledge domain was significantly different with age in within component and between component links, and with sex in the gender label-component and within component links. The difference between the gender inhibitory score and gender facilitative score was significantly different with age, sex, and children's gender schema. The findings that gender schema influenced the children's preferences for gender related tasks suggests a theoretical rationale of gender schema theory.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.3313-3317
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to describe the relationship between caregiver burden and perceived social support among caregivers of patients with cancer. The research was conducted in a university hospital in ${\dot{I}}zmir$, Turkey. Eighty patient relatives who provided care service to patients with cancer who were admitted at hematology and oncology clinics participated in the study. The findings indicated that the care burden score was mild level. The mean of the perceived social support score was $58.4{\pm}21.0$ supporting the conclusion that there is a weak and negative-direct relation between caregiver and perceived social support and that as the perceived social support increased, conversely, care burden decreased.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.232-243
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• 2001

When people undergo stressful situations such as a cancer diagnosis, they ask, "why me\ulcorner" The causal attributions people make about cancer influence what kind of coping strategies are chosen. Weiner (1979) suggested three dimensions of causal attributions: focus of causality, stability, and controllability. The purpose of the present study was to test the relation between causal attributions and self-efficacy in patients with cancer. The subjects were 194 patients who had been diagnosed cancer one year ago and attended an outpatient clinic. 1. Each mean score of causal attribution dimensions (focus of control, stability, controllability) that each patient made about cancer was 2.47, 2.73, 2.86, 3.35, and 3.28. The mean score of self-efficacy was 71.03. 2. There was a significant negative correlation between self efficacy and controllability. Particularly, there was a significant negative relationship between self efficacy and external controllability. Based upon these results, it is recommended that the developing nursing interventions to change causal attribution and self-efficacy is necessary. A number of theoretical relationships and empirical finding are confirmed by this data, and future proposals in research is suggested.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.1-7
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relations between phonetic differences among Korean learners' production of English front vowels, pronunciation intelligibility and speaking proficiency test score. To do so, thirty Korean university students were asked (1) to read English text book paragraphs and (2) describe a picture. Two English native raters and one Korean rater evaluated Korean subjects' English pronunciation intelligibility and speaking. In addition, subjects' English vowel productions were acoustically analyzed(F0, F1, F2, vowel duration, intensity). The results of the study show that the vowel quality and pitch of the unstressed vowels and lax vowel are related to the pronunciation intelligibility. In addition, the scores of pronunciation intelligibility and speaking are highly related.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.18-29
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• 2011

Light emitting diode(LED) technology has been increasingly developed and larger color gamut by LED illuminations can be reproduced; therefore more efficient LED lighting design can be accomplished under a consideration of color emotion. Fifty-two LED colors which are uniformly distributed on the uniform chromaticity space are evaluated in terms of fatigueness and preference and their relation to three color-appearance attributes(lightness, chroma and hue) are investigated. As a result, 23 human observers likely to prefer and feel comfortable, when lightness of a given LED color stimulus increases as well as its chroma decreases. The highest fatigueness score is observed in red color series and the most preferred LED color is found in green color series. In addition, fatigueness and preference show a strong negative linear relation and their Pearson correlation is higher than -0.8.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.69-79
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to investigate child rare teachers' job satisfaction in relation to their burnout and differences in their job satisfaction by demographic variables. Subjects of this study were 285 child care teachers in Chungnam province. They responded to 'Teachers' Work Satisfaction Scale' and 'Teachers' Burnout Scale.' The collected data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, Pearson's partial correlation, stepwise multiple regression, $Scheff{\acute{e}}$ test for post hoc test, and Cronbach's a for reliability with SPSS PC program(10.0 version). The results are as follows: First, total job satisfaction was high in teachers with high school diploma and those married. Also, burnout level was high in teachers with high school diploma, those with more than 5 year, those married, and those over 40 years old. Second, the partial correlation coefficient of teachers' job satisfaction in relation to their burnout was -.52. Finally, teachers' burnout and demographic variables explained approximately 31% for total score of job satisfaction and $13{\sim}33%$ for subscales of it.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.43-57
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to examine the factors influencing interdepartmental confilict in the military hospitals. Relatively little attention has been given to the conflict in the hospitals, especially within military hospitals. Delving into the realities of organizational conflict would provide us an insight of how to handle it. The questionnair survey was conducted for the 254 officers working in 8 military hospitals nationwide. The mean index score of interdepartmental conflict was 14 on the 5-25 point scale, indicating the conflict level was modest. Using t-test and ANOVA, we found that interdepartmental conflict was different by marital status of physicians or educational level of nurses. Next, we examined a causal model using multiple regression method. The personal characteristics of the respondents and the organizational characteristics - intradepartmental relation and interdepartmental relation - were included in the model as the independent variables. From the analysis, we found that working years at the organizations, type of work term, intradepartmental reliance or cooperation, interdepartmental redliance or resource management were significantly related to interdepartmental conflict. The effect from these variables, however, was different across three departments.