• 공학교육연구
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.45-56
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• 2015

The goal of this study was to analyze the research trends of engineering education in elementary and secondary education. To accomplish this goal, this study analyzed the journal papers by 'published year', 'research topic', 'research subject', 'research method' and 'related school subject'. Followings are the results of this study. First, regarding the published year, the studies related to the elementary and secondary school level engineering education had been conducted 1 to 3 pieces intermittently from 1995 to 2009. And the number of studies are more than 5 pieces after 2010. Second, regarding the research topic, the number of study followed by 'investigation for current status', 'tendency analysis', 'development of teaching method or model', 'verification of teaching method/models' effect'. Third, regarding the research subject, the number of study followed by 'student', 'literature', 'professor', 'teacher'. Fourth, regarding the research method, the number of study followed by 'survey research' and 'literature research', 'qualitative research', 'experimental research' and 'integrated research'. Fifth, regarding the related subject, the number of study followed by 'science', 'technology', 'mathematics', 'practical arts'. Based on the results of this study, there are the needs for further studies to establish theoretical foundation on the engineering content elements in elementary and secondary school level, analyze on related variables and effects, develop engineering assessment instrument, use a variety of research methods, and conduct study on the applications of engineering in math subject.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.26-33
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• 2011

This study aims at suggesting a creative way of activating KOFURN (Korea Furniture) fair by analyzing its problem in studying its marketing strategy. The proposition is limited to the analysis of the matter for the strategy based on KOFURN's status in 2010 with its history. Through the related references and documents, the interview with the related people in KFFIC (Korea Federation of Furniture Industry Cooperatives) that has held the KOFURN fair since 2002, and its viewing in 2010, the materials were collected. As a result, first, there is no effectiveness following participating the fair; second, its public relations on the internet is not enough; third, the furniture-related firms don't make sure that KFFIC is able to do a good job for them; lastly, the companies, KFFIC, and consumers require better communication. Therefore, in order to resolve the four matters, first, the publicity on the internet needs to supplement creative ways of making KOFURN attract a lot of people. Second, KFFIC hosting KOFURN fair needs to offer an opportunity for the visitors to participate and experience a variety of events prepared by itself. Finally, KFFIC has necessity of building its better reliance which is able to lead the furniture-related firms by planning and carrying out various businesses with them.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.288-296
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• 2015

This study aimed to analysis of concepts and inquiry activities related to the 'Earth Science' area in the South Korean elementary school textbooks to the current and to seek the improvement of future textbook. For the study, we were collected South Korean elementary school textbooks to the current. After the collection had been made, we were analyzed related to the 'Earth' area in the South Korean elementary school textbooks and were extracted central concepts and inquiry activities. The result of this study: First, there were 'A change in the land', 'Strata and Fossil', 'Volcanoes and Earthquakes', 'Earth and Moon', 'The weather', 'The Solar system and the Star', and 'Seasonal Change' in the central concepts related to the 'Earth' area in the South Korean elementary school textbooks to the current. Second, central concepts were almost the same but the curriculum was changed. Third, inquiry activities also were confirmed to be maintained with little change. This result was believed that it can provide a variety of suggestions at this point in changing the curriculum.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.63-83
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze how the elements and principles of fine arts were reflected in art related activities in the teacher's manual on standard childcare curriculum for a period of 2 years. Methods: The analysis criteria for the elements of fine arts were modified and complemented based on Kim and Gang(2011) and the same was done for the principles of fine arts based on Lee et al(2015). Results: First, as a result of analyzing the art contents according to life theme in art related activities, 'artistic expression' appeared the most in all nine life themes. Second, as a result of analyzing the art related contents in the standard childcare curriculum for 2 years based on the elements of fine arts, plane, texture, shape, color, volume, line, spot, space, composition, light and shade appeared in order. Third, as a result of analyzing the art related contents on the principles of fine arts, movement, emphasis, variety, unity, rhythm, proportion, balance and pattern appeared in order. Conclusion/Implications: The results of this research suggest that the childcare activities have to be devoloped in order to provide the balanced experiences with fine arts activities.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.31-51
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• 2012

This paper presents a computational study that explores the design of rigid steel frames by considering construction related costs. More specifically, two different aspects are investigated in this study focusing on the effects of (a) reducing the number of labor intensive rigid connections within a frame of given geometric layout, and (b) reducing the number of different member section types used in the frame. A genetic algorithm based optimization framework searches design space for these objectives. Unlike some studies that express connection cost as a factor of the entire frame weight, here connections and their associated cost factors are explicitly represented at the member level to evaluate the cost of connections associated with each beam. In addition, because variety in member section types can drive up construction related costs, its effects are evaluated implicitly by generating curves that show the trade off between cost and different numbers of section types used within the frame. Our results show that designs in which all connections are considered to be rigid can be excessively conservative: rigid connections can often be eliminated without any appreciable increase in frame weight, resulting in a reduction in overall cost. Eliminating additional rigid connections leads to further reductions in cost, even as frame weight increases, up to a certain point. These complex relationships between overall cost, rigid connections, and member section types are presented for a representative five-story steel frame.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.67-75
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• 2023

PURPOSE: This study aimed to identify the clinical factors that contribute to age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass (ALSMM) among young Korean male adults. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study involving 955 men aged between 20-29 years. They underwent screening to assess the ALSMM. The study examined a variety of factors, including age, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), lifestyle-related habits such as smoking and drinking status, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP/DBP), fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels, as well as the serum triglyceride and total cholesterol (TC) levels. RESULTS: The variables that displayed significant associations with ALSMM were height, weight, BMI, WC, SMI, FBG, TC, DBP, and alcohol consumption (p < .05). Serum triglyceride levels, SBP, and smoking status did not exhibit statistical significance (p > .05). CONCLUSION: The study identified the contributing factors associated with the ALSMM in community-dwelling young adult males. These findings would enrich the current body of literature on ALSMM and provide potential risk factors associated with its development in young Korean males.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1999년도 학회창립 10주년 기념 1999년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.685-688
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• 1999

The analysis and design of composite girders prestressed by external tendons involve difficulties related to the position of anchorages and the construction sequences. In this paper, the efficiency of the external tendon profiles and the position of anchorages in examined for the internal and external prestressing of statically indeterminate structures. It is shown that strengthening of a prestressed girder can be accomplished using a variety of methods; bonded external prestressing, tendon replacement and unbonded external prestressing.

• 아동학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.65-78
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to investigate maternal beliefs concerning communication strategies toward children in a variety of situations and to examine related factors. The subjects were 145 mothers of 4-5 year old children. A Communication Strategy Questionnaire composed of 12 vignettes was designed to assess parental beliefs about parent-child interactions. The data were analyzed by F-test and t-test. Findings indicated that mothers preferred rational authoritative communication strategies in conflict situations. Also, mothers communication indicated level of child-centered orientation and goals for child's cognitive development.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제77권6호
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• pp.237-242
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• 2014

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airway that comprises a variety of etiologies and inflammatory phenotypes. Clinically, there is a wide range of patients with varying severities and responses to individual drugs. The introduction of inhaled corticosteroid therapy has dramatically changed the treatment of asthma. Recent development of new therapies suggests the possibility of another breakthrough. These can be categorized as follows: anti-cytokine therapies that usually target eosinophilic inflammation, sublingual immunotherapy, and bronchial thermoplasty. In this paper, we will review the major articles related to asthma treatment that were published in 2013.

• 전자통신동향분석
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.41-50
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• 2018

In order to ensure the electromagnetic safety of a complex facility equipped with a variety of electric and electronic equipment, the European Union (EU) has enacted and applied the Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive (EMC Directive 2004/108/EC) to a fixed installation. This paper introduces the regulations and techniques related with electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) engineering applied to a fixed installation, which is used to prevent a malfunction of critical equipment and systems caused by unwanted electromagnetic waves and to operate the facilities with stability.