• 벤처혁신연구
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.83-97
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• 2023

라이브커머스 시장의 성장은 스마트폰만 있으면 언제, 어디서나, 편리하고 간단하게 라이브커머스를 시작할 수 있다. 스마트폰 서비스 이용은 지속적인 커뮤니케이션을 제공하며, 심리적 애착을 느끼면서 이용하게 되고, 더 나아가 심리적 애착과 소비자 자신과의 자아일치, 자아정체성까지 연결된다. 본 연구는 라이브커머스를 이용하는 소비자의 동기와 지각에 초점을 두고 살펴보고자 한다. 즉, 소비자의 개인적, 심리적 특성으로 조절초점성향과 자아효능감(self-efficacy)의 조절효과를 통해 서비스애착과의 관계를 살펴보려 한다. 다시 말해, 소비자의 동기와 목표에 따라 소비자의 행동 방향을 결정하게 되는 조절초점(regulatory focus)성향이 라이브커머스의 서비스애착에 영향을 미치고. 주어진 상황이나 과업에서 원하는 결과를 위해 스스로 계획하고 실행하여 목표를 달성할 수 있다는 개인적인 자신감 및 확신과 신념인 자아효능감(self-efficacy)이 이러한 관계를 조절할 것으로 본다. 분석결과, 예방초점을 높게 지각하는 소비자들은 부정적인 결과를 회피하고, 안전과 의무를 추구하는 경향이 강할수록, 개인적인 자신감과 신념인 자아효능감이 상쇄시켜 라이브커머스의 서비스에 대한 애착을 더 강하게 형성시켰다. 라이브커머스 서비스 이용 시, 정보획득에 대해 유익하다고 지각할수록, 자신의 신념인 자아효능감이 높아지므로 안전추구성향과 부정적 결과를 회피하려는 예방초점성향의 소비자들에게 인지적 경험뿐 아니라 감정적 경험인 서비스애착이 강하게 형성되는 것이다. 본 연구를 통해 라이브커머스의 서비스 이용에 대한 소비자의 심리적 행동을 이해하고, 이를 기반으로 라이브커머스에 진입하려는 기업 및 소상공인들에게 운영전략 및 관리에 도움이 되리라 본다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.204-210
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• 2023

This study focuses on analyzing medical device standards and regulatory requirements in the medical device industry, based on the Medical Device Act in Korea. The objective of this analysis is to determine whether the domestic standards for medical devices in Korea align with international and regional standards. Furthermore, it aims to identify the current application of domestic standards in ensuring the safety and essential performance of medical devices. The analysis revealed that out of a total of 281 domestic standards, 127 standards reference international standards. In terms of the application of domestic standards to specific items, there were 473 types of instruments/machines, 30 types of medical supplies, and 45 types of dental materials. However, the level of compliance with international standards among the domestic medical device standards was only 21%. Upon detailed analysis, general and collateral standards accounted for 24%, while particular standards accounted for 19%. This indicates a significant deviation from the latest international standards. On the other hand, the level of compliance with international standards was analyzed to be 60% for particular standards and 72% for general and collateral standards in Korean industrial standards (KS). Considering these results, the disparities between domestic standards and international standards underscore the need for discussions on domestic medical device regulation and standardization. In conclusion, this study emphasizes the significance of maintaining up-to-date medical device standards and ensuring their alignment with international standards to ensure the safety and quality of medical devices. The findings highlight the necessity for further efforts to strengthen the domestic standardization system in order to promote the development of safe and high-quality medical devices.

• 과학기술학연구
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.111-143
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• 2013

녹색 화학은 오염 물질의 배출을 피하면서도 동시에 공정 효율을 향상시키고자 하는 목적 하에 화학 공정의 설계, 운영에 대해 연구하는 새로운 과학 분야이다. 1991년에 처음으로 싹트기 시작한 녹색 화학은 오염물질을 청소하는데 집중했던 기존의 미국 환경 보호청의 정책에서 선회한 행보를 보였다. 이러한 녹색 화학의 형성 과정에 대해 연구한 선행 연구자들은 녹색 화학의 정치, 경제적인 동기에 대해서는 집중하지 않았다. 이 논문은 정부의 환경 정책, 산업계의 참여, 그리고 새로 출현한 녹색 화학자들의 학술 활동 사이의 관계를 보였으며, 이를 통해 녹색 화학의 형성 과정이 보여주는 함의를 알아내고자 하였다. 학계, 산업, 정부는 지속 가능한 발전이라는 폭넓은 정책 목표 아래에서, 녹색 화학을 형성했다. 녹색 화학자는 합성연구의 전통 안에서 합성효율을 높이는 반응 경로를 연구함으로써 오염물질 배출을 회피할 수 있는 지식을 만들어 내었고, 화학 산업계는 생산 효율성 증가를 통해 경제적인 이득을 얻고자 이것을 적극적으로 도입하였다. 이러한 새로운 형태의 동맹은 오염 회피, 자발적 규제 등의 방향을 선호하였던 미국 정부의 새로운 환경 정책의 흐름 안에서 지원받고, 유지될 수 있었다.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.122-126
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• 2009

Transforming growth factor-$\beta$ (TGF-$\beta$) is a highly pleiotropic cytokine playing pivotal roles in immune regulation. TGF-$\beta$ facilitates tumor cell survival and metastasis by targeting multiple cellular components. Focusing on its immunosuppressive functions, TGF-$\beta$ antagonists have been employed for cancer treatment to enhance tumor immunity. TGF-$\beta$ antagonists exert anti-tumor effects through #1 activating effector cells such as NK cells and cytotoxic $CD8^+$ Tcells (CTLs), #2 inhibiting regulatory/suppressor cell populations, #3 making tumor cells visible to immune cells, #4 inhibiting the production of tumor growth factors. This review focuses on the effect of TGF-$\beta$ on T cells, which are differentiated into effector T cells or newly identified tumor-supporting T cells.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.957-964
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• 2004

Herbal medicines are increasingly used to treat various diseases and lots of studies have been reported that they had benefits in treating and preventing of diseases. But organic toxicity is increasingly recognized as herbal medicines become more popular in industrialized countries. Some herbal products potentially benefit people with lots of diseases, however these benefits remain generally unproved in humans, and a greater awareness for potential adverse effects is required. A herb containing a wide variety of, mostly unknown, substances may well include some with unwanted effects. This review focuses on emerging organic toxicities that have been observed associated with various herbal preparations involving the liver, kidney, and heart, and patterns of organ injury, potential risk factors for organic toxicities. In addition to the potential for organic toxicities, drug drug interactions between herbal medicines and conventional agents may affect the efficacy and safety of concurrent medical therapy. Appropriate reporting and regulatory system to monitor herbal toxicity are required, in conjunction with ongoing scientific evaluation of the potential benefits of phytotherapy.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.21-34
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• 2014

The majority of early embryonic mortality in pregnancy occurs during the peri-implantation stage, suggesting that this period is important for conceptus viability and the establishment of pregnancy. Successful establishment of pregnancy in all mammalian species depends on the orchestrated molecular events that transpire at the conceptus-uterine interface during the peri-implantation period. This maternal-conceptus interaction is especially crucial in pigs because in them non-invasive epitheliochorial placentation occurs, in which the pre-implantation phase is prolonged. During the pre-implantation period, conceptus survival and the establishment of pregnancy are known to depend on the developing conceptus receiving an adequate supply of histotroph, which contains a wide range of nutrients and growth factors. Evidence links growth factors including epidermal growth factor (EGF), insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and colony-stimulating factor 2 (CSF2) to embryogenesis or implantation in various mammalian species; however, in the case of pig, little is known about such functions of these growth factors, especially their regulatory mechanisms at the maternal-conceptus interface. Our research group has presented evidence for promising growth factors affecting cellular activities of primary porcine trophectoderm (pTr) cells, and we have identified potential intracellular signaling pathways responsible for the activities induced by these factors. Therefore, this review focuses on promising growth factors at the maternal-conceptus interface regulating the development of the porcine conceptus and playing pivotal roles in implantation events during early pregnancy in pigs.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.41-49
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• 2013

Ovarian cancer is the most lethal world-wide gynecological disease among women due to the lack of molecular biomarkers to diagnose the disease at an early stage. In addition, there are few well established relevant animal models for research on human ovarian cancer. For instance, rodent models have been established through highly specialized genetic manipulations, but they are not an excellent model for human ovarian cancer because histological features are not comparable to those of women, mice have a low incidence of tumorigenesis, and they experience a protracted period of tumor development. However, the laying hen is a unique and highly relevant animal model for research on human ovarian cancer because they spontaneously develop epithelial cell-derived ovarian cancer (EOC) as occurs in women. Our research group has identified common histological and physiological aspects of ovarian tumors from women and laying hens, and we have provided evidence for several potential biomarkers to detect, monitor and target for treatment of human ovarian cancers based on the use of both genetic and epigenetic factors. Therefore, this review focuses on ovarian cancer of laying hens and relevant regulatory mechanisms, based on genetic and epigenetic aspects of the disease in order to provide new information and to highlight the advantages of the laying hen model for research in ovarian carcinogenesis.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.285-314
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• 2020

The healthcare environment is becoming increasingly dependent on health information technology (HIT), with healthcare providers, patients, and other people engaged in the field producing and sharing information to improve healthcare delivery. This focus has raised the issue of Health Information Infrastructure (HII) to the forefront of policy, design, and law. While several studies have examined each element of HII, little attention has been paid to the overall infrastructure as a collection of technologies, institutions, standards, and practices. In order to fill the gap, this study focuses on medication reconciliation as an example of the wider phenomenon of HII. In particular, the study examines a medication reconciliation process (MRP) as an example to understand the key challenges facing the development of HII, how the challenges are interrelated, and how they can be met as a whole. Following a mixed methodology, involving workflow study, focus group discussions, and in-depth interviews, the study examines "data friction" along technical, institutional, regulatory, and legal dimensions. This study constitutes one of the first efforts to comprehensively investigate health information infrastructure and how technology and other dimensions in infrastructure are interrelated. The study therefore contributes to a better understanding of HII and the practical challenges that hinder the seamless flow of information in the healthcare environment.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.87-94
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• 2013

Background: In times of continuous change and volatile markets, organizations are increasingly characterized by downsizing, work intensification, and resource rationalization. This has resulted in diversification, and the emergence of newrisks within the field of occupational health and safety, with an important impact. This paper focuses on one such type of risk in the modern workplace-psychosocial risks. The current study aimed to explore stakeholder perspectives, regarding the extent to which psychosocial risks are incorporated into strategic risk management practices, at both the business and policy level. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 professionals, representing employer, expert, policy maker, and trade union stakeholder perspectives. Results: It was found that the majority of organizations do not sufficiently, if at all, understand and incorporate psychosocial risks into strategic decision making, whereby the key barrier related to practical difficulties of not knowing how to manage psychosocial risks adequately. Conclusion: The study found that there is a need to close the gap between policy and practice on a number of levels. Future recommendations comprise a policy framework and infrastructure underpinned by educational initiatives, partnerships, and networks to drive a shift in attitudes toward recognizing the duality of the concept of risk (including both potential negative and positive outcomes) and moving beyond simple regulatory compliance.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제29권8호
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• pp.1184-1192
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• 2019

The influenza A virus is a highly infectious respiratory pathogen that sickens many people with respiratory disease annually. To prevent outbreaks of this viral infection, an understanding of the characteristics of virus-host interaction and development of an anti-viral agent is urgently needed. The influenza A virus can infect mammalian species including humans, pigs, horses and seals. Furthermore, this virus can switch hosts and form a novel lineage. This so-called zoonotic infection provides an opportunity for virus adaptation to the new host and leads to pandemics. Most influenza A viruses express proteins that antagonize the antiviral defense of the host cell. The non-structural protein 1 (NS1) of the influenza A virus is the most important viral regulatory factor controlling cellular processes to modulate host cell gene expression and double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-mediated antiviral response. This review focuses on the influenza A virus NS1 protein and outlines current issues including the life cycle of the influenza A virus, structural characterization of the influenza A virus NS1, interaction between NS1 and host immune response factor, and design of inhibitors resistant to the influenza A virus.