• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
• /
• 2009.06a
• /
• pp.1055-1060
• /
• 2009

Noise is one of the major environmental problems in human life. But hot water distributers with the flow rate control valve bring about often noise according to the heating control condition in residential buildings. The sound power level increased as the flow rate and pressure difference increased. And thus, experimental analyses for the flow rate control and the pressure difference control were carried out in this study to reduce the noise emitted from the flow rate control valve. As the results, the flow rate control method using a SMA(Shape Memory Alloy)-valve and the flow rate control system using a pressure difference sensor can be expected to control noise in the region of below 50 dB of sound power level.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.211-216
• /
• 2007

Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) often show muscular disorder, internal derangement and degenerative change of articular surface of the condyle. It is important to choose adequate diagnostic method for obtaining data for the diagnosis and treatment. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has some advantages, because it shows good resolution image for the soft tissue and it is not invasive to the human body. We have performed serial research about the retrodiscal tissue of the TMJ according to the progress of the disease, using T2 weighted image, since 2002. In this study, we applicated resized observation area to compare signal intensity between the retrodiscal tissue of the TMJ and cerebral gray matter, using T2 weighted image.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.375-379
• /
• 2006

Food labeling regulations require that the meat species in various meat products are accurately declared to the consumer. Substitution or adulteration of costly meat with a cheaper one is one of the most common problems in the meat industry. In this study, PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP) method of the mitochondrial cytochrome b(mt cyt b) gene has been applied for identification of the origin of six mammalian meat species(beef, port horse, goat, mutton and deer) and three poultry meat species(chicken, turkey and duck) as raw materials for meat products. PCR was used to amplify a variable region of mt cyt b gene. Meat species differentiation was determined by digestion of the amplified products with a 359 bp fragment using HaeIII and HinfI restriction enzymes, which generated species-specific RFLP patterns. This PCR-RFLP DNA marker of mt cyt b gene could be very useful for the accurate and reliable identification and discrimination of animal meat species in routine analysis.

• Ocean and Polar Research
• /
• v.40 no.1
• /
• pp.37-48
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study is to assess the climate change vulnerability of coastal and offshore fisheries in the South Sea of Korea using the RCP scenarios. Based on the vulnerability defined by IPCC, the indicator-based method was applied. Exposure indicator was calculated through weighted sum of the sea temperature and salinity forecasted by National Institute of Fisheries Science, and the weights were obtained from the time-space distribution of each fisheries. Sensitivity indicator was determined by applying the catch proportion of fisheries to the sensitivity of fish species. The adaptive capacity was measured by survey of fisheries which represent the ability of the fishermen well. As a result of summarizing the above indicators, vulnerability of coastal fisheries is higher than offshore fisheries. This shows that measures against coastal fisheries are needed. In addition, the results of each scenario are somewhat different, so it is considered that accurate prediction of climate change is important for adaptation measures.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.156-163
• /
• 2021

Recently, neuromelanin and nigrosome imaging techniques have been developed to evaluate the substantia nigra in Parkinson's disease. Previous studies have shown potential benefits of quantitative analysis of neuromelanin and nigrosome images in the substantia nigra, although visual assessments have been performed to evaluate structures in most studies. In this study, we investigate the potential of using deep learning based automatic region segmentation techniques for quantitative analysis of the substantia nigra. The deep convolutional neural network was trained to automatically segment substantia nigra regions on 3D nigrosome and neuromelanin sensitive MR images obtained from 30 subjects. With a 5-fold cross-validation, the mean calculated dice similarity coefficient between manual and deep learning was 0.70 ± 0.11. Although calculated dice similarity coefficients were relatively low due to empirically drawn margins, selected slices were overlapped for more than two slices of all subjects. Our results demonstrate that deep convolutional neural network-based method could provide reliable localization of substantia nigra regions on neuromelanin and nigrosome sensitive MR images.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.145-163
• /
• 2009

Background : Stroke occurrences are prevalent and require intensive care for its treatment and rehabilitation. Acupuncture has been widely used in Korea throughout the history and provides an efficient method in the treatment of it. Objectives : To establish a distinctive and efficient acupuncture method for the treatment of stroke based in literature research. Method : We reviewed four Korean medical literature, $ll$治腫指南Guide to Swollen Sore Treatment$gg$, $ll$東醫寶鑑Treasured Mirror of Eastern Medicine$gg$, $ll$鍼灸經驗方Experiential Prescriptions of Acupuncture and Moxibustion$gg$, and $ll$舍岩鍼法Essential Rhymes on Acupuncture and Moxibustion by Master Sa-am$gg$, and analyzed the therapeutic characteristics in the treatment of stroke. Result : 1. In $ll$治腫指南Guide to Swollen Sore Treatment$gg$, various types of treatment can be found. Besides acupuncture, cupping, moxibustion with moxa tube, and bath therapy using Duchesneae Indicae Herba and Sal was applied. Needling in sublingual and vocal region, and also points like GB20, GB31, LI15, BL60, GV20, GV20, TE4, GB39, LU5, ST36, GB30 were frequently inserted. 2. In $ll$東醫寶鑑Treasured Mirror of Eastern Medicine$gg$, moxibustion treatment were in top priority. Points like GV20, LI15, LI11, GB31, ST36, GB39, LI4, GB20 pertinent to Governor, Conception, Gallbladder, Large Intestine, and Stomach meridian were most frequently needled. Selection of adjacent point was widely applied. 3. $ll$鍼灸經驗方Experiential Prescriptions of Acupuncture and Moxibustion$gg$ has some similarity compared to $ll$東醫寶鑑 Treasured Mirror of Eastern Medicine$gg$ in considering the moxa in top priority. But selected points far from the disease site. Main points were LI4, ST36, GB39, PC5, GV20, LI11, LR3, BL40, HT7. 4. $ll$校勘 舍岩道人鍼法Essential Rhymes on Acupuncture and Moxibustion by Master Sa-am$gg$ having the same content orders with $ll$鍼灸經驗方Experiential Prescriptions of Acupuncture and Moxibustion$gg$, it may had some influence from it. But the differences are also apparent. It emphasized in using mother-supplementing child-draining method, experiential prescriptions and visceral pattern identification. Conclusions : We could find various efficient methods through literature research of medical classics. This will not be limited in stroke alone but also will be applied in other diseases. This study will concurrently result in establishing distinctive therapeutic method characteristic of Korea.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
• /
• v.46 no.2
• /
• pp.30-39
• /
• 2009

Extraction of glomeruli region plays a very important role for diagnosing nephritis automatically. However, it is not easy to extract glomeruli region correctly because the difference between glomeruli region and other region is not obvious, simultaneously unevennesses that is brought in the sampling process and in the imaging process. In this study, a new method for extracting renal glomeruli region using genetic algorithm is proposed. The first, low and high resolution images are obtained by using Laplacian-Gaussian filter with ${\sigma}=2.1$ and ${\sigma}=1.8$, then, binary images by setting the threshold value to zero are obtained. And then border edge is detected from low resolution images, the border of glomeruli is expressed by a closed B-splines' curve line. The parameters that decide the closed curve line with this low resolution image prevent the noises and the border lines from breaking off in the middle by searching using genetic algorithm. Next, in order to obtain more precise border edges of glomeruli, the number of node points is increased and corrected in order from eight to sixteen and thirty two from high resolution images. Finally, the validity of this proposed method is shown to be effective by applying to the real images.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• v.35 no.2
• /
• pp.101-108
• /
• 2008

The Agrobacterium-mediated transformation has been successfully used method to introduce foreign genes into some monocotyledonous as well as a large number of dicotyledonous plants genome, We developed transgenic Chinese cabbage plants with insect-resistance gene, modified CryIAc, by Agrobacterium-transformation and confirmed transgene copy number by Southern blot analysis. We confirmed that twenty-nine out of 46 transgenic Chinese cabbage plants have single copy of CryIAc. To obtain the sequences information on the transferred DNA (T-DNA) integration into plant genome, we analyzed left border (LB) flanking sequences by genome walking (GW) PCR method. Out of 46 transgenic Chinese cabbage plants examined, 37 carried the vector backbone sequences. This result indicates that the transfer of the vector backbone from the binary vectors resulted mainly from inefficient termination of LB site. Analysis of T-DNA LB flanking region of 9 transgenic Chinese cabbage plants without vector backbone revealed that all LB ends were not conserved and nucleotides up to 36bp from the LB cleavage site were deleted.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• v.50 no.6
• /
• pp.753-762
• /
• 2008

The primers for RT-PCR and RACE-PCR were designed by aligning the pig genomic sequence and the human complement factor B(CFB) coding sequence(CDS) from the GenBank. Each PCR product was amplified in pig cDNA and sequencing was carried out. The CDS length of pig CFB gene was determined to be 2298 bp. In addition, the pig CDS was more longer than human and mouse orthologs because of insertion and deletion. The identities of porcine nucleotide sequences with those of human and mice were 84% and 80%, and the identities of amino acids were 79% to 77%, respectively. Three complement control protein(CCP) domains, one Von Willebrand factor A(VWFA) domain and a serine protease domain, that are revealed typically in mammals, were found in the pig CFB gene. Based on the CDSs determined, the primers were designed in intron regions for amplification of entire length of exons. In amplification and direct sequencing with genomic DNAs of six pig breeds, three cSNPs(coding single nucleotide polymorphisms) were identified and verified as missense mutations. Using the Multiplex-ARMS method, we genotyped and verified the mutations identified from direct sequencing. To demonstrate recrudescence, we performed both direct sequencing and Multiplex-ARMS with two randomly selected DNA samples. The genotype of each sample exhibited the same results using both methods. Therefore, three cSNPs were identified from pig CFB gene and that can be used for haplotype analysis of the swine leukocyte antigen(SLA) class III region. Moreover, the results indicate that the Multiplex-ARMS method should be powerful for genotyping of genes in the SLA region.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
• /
• v.6 no.4
• /
• pp.53-57
• /
• 2007

In paper, We evaluated for various diode type ESD protection device using TLP measurement method. An Evaluation diode is divided to Enclosed type and Stripe type as pattern style in extensive. These diodes is split up followed factor that Anode-to-Cathod space, N+ region width, Multi type and Contact to Active space. After a TLP measurement, we can be got the Vt2, It2 by I-V characteristic values. In the results, diode of enclosed type is present relatively higher Current capability(It2) than stripe type in a same voltage conditions. And the Second-breakdown voltage(Vt2) were that Stripe type's diode higher than Enclosed type's diode as have $14{\sim}15V$. Finally we suggest the best diode design condition as ESD protection device using entire consequence.