• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.68
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• pp.87-129
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• 2014

This paper addresses questions on the marginalized position of youths of 'Gangbuk' and elucidates how they construct their own identities in the individual trajectories of everyday life. Three years of research, including participatory observation and in-depth interviews, was conducted on nine students from Northeastern district of Seoul. The research also adopted reflexive photography interview method in order to encourage the informants to actively participate in the research. The result illustrates the diversity of the everyday life experiences. More 'marginalized' youths from middle to lower class background had to endure the burdens of their daily lives without programs. Still, they were elaborating their own cultural taste and positive self-narratives at the periphery of the mainstream culture, by practicing music, online community activities and bodily performances. They had to negotiate the crucial turn of life after their graduation, when they entered into the harsh social competition with limited resources. We observed how they gradually assimilate the identity of the 'working youth', some of them developing a positive valorization of their experiences labor. Findings underline the active role of the cultural practices in the making of class identity of the youth and the necessity of researches situating the making of class identity and the reproduction of the class for the youth in the larger geography of class culture in the contemporary Korean society. Lastly, it is argued that these youths should not be considered as determined subjects, who reproduce already established class identities, but as active agents of their lives who deserve more respects and attentions from the society.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.34
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• pp.339-362
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• 2009

If we try to define the concept of beauty in the large sense, as Kant and Chaung-tzu all agree, It can not be fixed in the one sense, but whose connotation and denotation should be extended infinitely. In this sense, I would like to say that the beauty is liberty. Aesthetics of Kant is oriented toward subjective and reflexive dimension, while that of Chuang-tzu is oriented toward natural and practical one. The difference between aesthetics of the two philosophers begins from their philosophical methodology. If the transcendental methode which is proper to Kant's philosophy prefers to discriminate and devide everything especially from dichotomic viewpoint by langage. But Chuang-tzu' methode called Za-Mang criticizes such a dichotomic division and langage itself. Even so, the two in the long run agree as to the foundation of beauty. But Kant's liberty is one of will or transcendental, meanwhile that of Chuang-tzu is based on recognize the fact that we are all production of nature. according to Chuang-tzu, in the great beginning, there was non-being. It had neither being nor name. The One originates from it. When things obtain it and come into existence. As the One, Tao is in the excrement and urine. Everything is under the constant flux. All species have originative or moving power. Although the universe is vast, its transformation is uniform. Because all things are one. Vacuity, tranquillity, mellowness, quietness, and taking no action characterize the things of universe at peace and represent the ultimate of Tao and virtue. The material was transformed to be form, form was transformed to become life, and now life has transformed to become death. A basic principle of Chuang-tzu's art is expressed in the phrase "taking off clothes and squatting down bare-backed". The key of Chuang-tzu's aesthetics is to dedicate to the expression of inner spirit instead of physical verisimilitude, and painting should be a spontaneous and instantaneous flow of the brush. Kant's concepts such as "disinterested" and "purposiveness of nature" seem to imply in the long run the unification of nature and human being which is fundament to Chuang-tzu's aesthetics.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.249-277
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• 2019

This study examined the involuntary retirement of executives in conglomerates based on Williams' need-threat temporal model of ostracism(2009), which explains the psychology of individuals facing social exclusion in the stages of reflexive, reflective and resignation. In-depth interviews were conducted on 15 retirees from conglomerates, and their contents were used for phenomenological method of analysis. As a result, in the reflexive stage of need-threat temporal model of ostracism, they experienced cognitive panic and emotional panic immediately following retirement. Due to an unexpected shocking experience of retirement notice, they experienced cognitive numbness first, and repressed the following negative feelings cognitively to hide them. In the reflective stage, retirees dream of 'a complete restoration to their best performance in the past', but as such expectation fails, they don't adjust to the reality more due to 'unrealistic thought', 'self-deception', and 'shift responsibility'. In resignation stage, a long-term failure to satisfy the desire led them to experience a sense of defeat and helplessness. Such results were reviewed and compared to Williams' need-threat temporal model of ostracism, and the implications of such result on the nation, companies and retirees in terms of the response to retirement.

• Journal of the Chungcheong Mathematical Society
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.271-276
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• 2014

Recently, Taji [7] and Harms et al. [4] studied the regularized gap function of QVI analogous to that of VI by Fukushima [2]. Discussions are made in a finite dimensional Euclidean space. In this note, an infinite dimensional generalization is considered in the framework of a reflexive Banach space. To do so, we introduce an extended quasi-variational inequality problem (in short, EQVI) and a generalized regularized gap function of EQVI. Then we investigate some basic properties of it. Our results may be regarded as an infinite dimensional extension of corresponding results due to Taji [7].

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.11-21
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• 2011

In this paper, we try to extend the viscosity approximation technique to find a particular common zero of a finite family of accretive mappings in a Banach space which is strictly convex reflexive and has a weakly sequentially continuous duality mapping. The explicit viscosity approximation scheme is proposed and its strong convergence to a solution of a variational inequality is proved.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.1031-1047
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• 2017

In this paper, we introduce two general iterative algorithms (one implicit algorithm and other explicit algorithm) for nonexpansive mappings in a reflexive Banach space with a uniformly $G{\hat{a}}teaux$ differentiable norm. Strong convergence theorems for the sequences generated by the proposed algorithms are established.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.723-736
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• 1999

The paper is devoted to generalizations of continuity of set-valued mappings and some properties of hypertopologies on the collection of some subsets of a topological space. It is also dedicated to continuous selection theorems without relatively higher separation axioms. More precisely, we give characterizations of $\lambda$-collectionwise normality using continuous functions as in Michael's papers.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.461-468
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• 2008

We define an $\epsilon$-fuzzy congruence, which is a weakened fuzzy congruence, find the $\epsilon$-fuzzy congruence generated by the union of two $\epsilon$-fuzzy congruences on a semigroup, and characterize the $\epsilon$-fuzzy congruences generated by fuzzy relations on semigroups. We also show that the collection of all $\epsilon$-fuzzy congruences on a semigroup is a complete lattice and that the collection of $\epsilon$-fuzzy congruences under some conditions is a modular lattice.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 1989.10a
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• pp.296-301
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• 1989

본 논문의 목적은 매개변항(parameter)과 부분집합원리(subset principle)를 재귀대명사 구조분석 및 습득에 적용하여 보편문법(Universal Grammar)과 언어습득의 상호관계를 검토하는 데에 있다. 본 논문은 첫째, 재귀대명사 '자기'를 매개변항이론에 근거하여 분석하고, 둘째, 재귀사의 구조를 부분집합원리에 적용하여 '자기'의 습득과정을 관찰한다. 본 논문의 목적을 위해 두 가지 가설을 세워 실험적으로 검증하였다. 실험결과, 선행사자격 습득단계의 가설이 확증되었으며, 지배변항 습득단계의 가설은 결정적 증거가 미비해 앞으로의 과제로 남아 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.901-913
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• 2000

This is a summary of results involving the development of a theory of an index of an isolated critical point for densely defined nonlinear operators of type (S(sub)+)(sub)0,L. This index theory is associated with a degree theory, for such operators, whch has been recently developed by the authors.