• International Journal of Reliability and Applications
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.147-154
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• 2002

In this paper, we consider the warm standby redundant system(WSRS) which is consisted of an active unit, a standby unit and a switchover device. In addition, the switchover processing is controlled by a control module. The effect of failure of the control module is taken into account to develop our reliability model for the redundant structure. For the performance evaluation of a redundant system with the function of switchover processing which is assumed to cause the increase of the failure rate of the system, some reliability indices, such as availability, average availability, reliability and steady state availability, are considered.

• International Journal of Reliability and Applications
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.83-94
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• 2007

In this paper, we consider a standby redundant structure with a function of switchover processing which may not be not perfect. The switchover processing is governed by a control module whose failure may cause the failure of the whole system. The parameters measuring such an effect of failure of the control module is included in our reliability model. We compute several reliability measures such as reliability function, failure rate, MTBF, mean residual life function, and the steady state availability. We also compare a single unit structure and the redundant structure with regard to those reliability measures. An example is given to illustrate our results.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.820-831
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• 2020

Extractive document summarization aims to select a few sentences while preserving its main information on a given document, but the current extractive methods do not consider the sentence-information repeat problem especially for news document summarization. In view of the importance and redundancy of news text information, in this paper, we propose a neural extractive summarization approach with joint sentence semantic clipping and selection, which can effectively solve the problem of news text summary sentence repetition. Specifically, a hierarchical selective encoding network is constructed for both sentence-level and document-level document representations, and data containing important information is extracted on news text; a sentence extractor strategy is then adopted for joint scoring and redundant information clipping. This way, our model strikes a balance between important information extraction and redundant information filtering. Experimental results on both CNN/Daily Mail dataset and Court Public Opinion News dataset we built are presented to show the effectiveness of our proposed approach in terms of ROUGE metrics, especially for redundant information filtering.

• International Journal of Reliability and Applications
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.107-115
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• 2001

This paper considers some reliability indices, such as availability, average availability, reliability and steady state availability, of a redundant system with the function of switchover processing. We also derive the confidence limits for steady state availability of such system. The system, which is considered in this paper, consists of an active unit, a standby unit and a switchover device. In addition, the switchover processing is controlled by a control module. The effect of failure of the control module is taken into account to develop our reliability model for the redundant structure. Numerical examples are presented to illustrate our results.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.125-125
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• 2003

To assist genetic study of the root development in Panax ginseng, which is one of the most important medicinal plant, expressed sequence tags (EST) analysis was carried out. We constructed a cDNA library using the 14-year ginseng root. Partial sequences were obtained from 2,975 clone. The ESTs could be clustered into 1,991 (70.2%) non-redundant groups. Similarity search of the non-redundant ESTs against public non-redundant databases of both protein and DNA indicated that 1,553 groups show similarity to genes of blown function. These ESTs clones were divided into sixteen categories depending upon gene function. The most abundant transcripts were ribonuclease 1 (67) and ribonuclease 2 (65). Our extensive EST analysis of genes expressed in 14-year ginseng root not only contributes to the understanding of the dynamics of genome expression patterns in root organ but also adds data to the reperoire of all genomic genes.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.1073-1081
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• 2000

This paper proposes a new fault-tolerant technique for bitonic sorting networks which can be used for designing ATM switches based on Batcher-Banyan network. The main goal in this paper is to design a cost-effective fault-tolerant bitonic sorting network. In order to recover a fault, additional comparison elements and additional links are used. A Dynamic Redundant Bitonic Sorting (DRBS) network is based on the Dynamic Redundant network and can be constructed with several different variations. The proposed fault-tolerant sorting network offers high fault-tolerance; low time delays; maintenance of cell sequence; simple routing; and regularity and modularity.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.707-710
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• 2004

In the case of terrestrial DMB(Digital Multimedia Broadcasting) system that offers mobile multimedia broadcasting services, transmission error must be considered. Although DMB transmission system provides the error protection functions of convolution coding and Reed-Solomon (204,188,t=8) coding, additional error resilience video coding methods are needed to satisfy the requirement of BER lower than $10^{-8}$. In this thesis, we propose and evaluate effective error resilience coding schemes using the MPEG-4 redundant slice for MPEG-4 video services in the DMB environment. In this scheme, we analyze the drift error caused by transmission error based on the random noise concept and the redundant slice selection algorithm that selects the most influential slice in the view of the drift error increment.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.318-333
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• 2021

Smartphones are one of the most widely used mobile devices allowing users to communicate with each other. With the development of mobile apps, many companies now provide various services for their customers by studying interactive systems in the form of mobile messengers for business marketing and commercial promotion. Such interactive systems are called "chatbots." In this paper, we propose a method of avoiding the redundant responses of chatbots, according to the utterances entered by the user. In addition, the redundant patterns of chatbot responses are classified into three categories for the first time. In order to verify the proposed method, a chatbot is implemented using Telegram, an open source messenger. By comparing the proposed method with an existent method for each pattern, it is confirmed that the proposed method significantly improves the redundancy avoidance rate. Furthermore, response performance and variation analysis of the proposed method are investigated in our experiment.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.15A no.3
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• pp.135-140
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• 2008

This paper describes a high-speed CMOS demultiplexer using redundant multi-valued logic (RMVL). The proposed circuit receives serial binary data and is converted to parallel redundant multi-valued data using RMVL. The converted data are reconverted to parallel binary data. By the redundant multi-valued data conversion, the RMVL makes it possible to achieve higher operating speeds than that of a conventional binary logic. The implemented demultiplexer consists of eight integrators. Each integrator is composed of an accumulator, a window comparator, a decoder and a D flip flop. The demultiplexer is designed with TSMC $0.18{\mu}m$ standard CMOS process. The validity and effectiveness are verified through the HSPICE simulation. The demultiplexer is achieved the maximum data rate of 20 Gb/s and the average power consumption of 95.85 mW.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.122-122
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• 2003

Expressed sequence tags (EST) are help to quickly identify functions of expressed genes and to understand the complexity of gene expression. In order to analyze gene expression of the leaf development in Panax ginseng, which is one of the most important medicinal plant, expressed sequence tags (EST) analysis was carried out. We constructed a cDNA library using the immature leaf of Chunpoong. Partial sequences were obtained from 3,170 clones. The ESTs could be clustered into 1,624 (56.1%) non-redundant groups. Similarity search of the non-redundant ESTs against public non-redundant databases of both protein and DNA indicated that 1,137 groups show similarity to genes of known function. These ESTs clones were divided into sixteen categories depending upon gene function. Most abundant transcripts in immature ginseng leaf were photosynthesis related protein, such as chlorophyll a/b binding protein LHCII type I (128), chlorophyll a/b binding protein (53), ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (41), and photosystem I psaH (26). The EST data from immature leaf generated in this study is useful in dissecting gene expression in leaf organ of ginseng.