• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.571-576
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• 2001

Hydroforming, the new production technology, has been used to manufacture many parts of vehicle in the recent auto industry. When Hydroforming is applied, it is possible to make parts simplification and flexible alteration of section shape in many advantages such as weight reduction, number of parts reduction or performance improvement. This research into shape optimization which reduces number of parts and weight maintaining performance was achieved. In this paper, the COWL CROSS BAA and MT'g BAKT parts of A car STEERING support SYSTEM was introduced by using Hydroforming.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.521-530
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• 2000

We find the values of numerical invariants col(R) and row (R) for R=k[te, te+1, t(e-1)e-1] where k is a field and e$\geq$4. We also show that col(R) = crs (R) and row (R) = drs(R), but they are strictly less than the reduction number of R plus 1.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.16 no.3_4
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• pp.35-39
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• 1973

This investigation was conducted to study the effect of soybean mosaic virus (SMV) on various parameters of nodule formation at different stage of soybean plants. Differences in nodule formation were marked between soybean varieties tested, but nodules were small within soybean varieties infected with SMV. SMV-infection on soybeans were greatly reduced the number, size and weight of nodules, and the earlier the infection of SMV, the greater the reduction of nodules. Maximum reduction(83%) of nodules observed when "Kumkang-Daerip" soybeans were inoculated 2 weeks after seeding, but none occurred 8 weeks or later. Prominent decreases in number of nodules often resulted in an increase in nodu'e sizes in SMV-infected soybean plants.an plants.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.402-404
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• 2007

One of the major disadvantages of the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system is high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR). Selected mapping (SLM) is an efficient distortionless PAPR reduction scheme which selects the minimum PAPR sequence from a group of independent phase rotated sequences. However, the SLM requires explicit side information and a large number of IFFT operations. In this letter we investigate a novel PAPR reduction method based on the radial basis function network and SLM.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 1999.06a
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• pp.821-824
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• 1999

In distributed arithmetic-based architecture for an inner product between two length-N vectors, the size of the ROM increases exponentially with N. Moreover, the ROMs are generally the bottleneck of speed, especially when their sire is large. In this paper, a ROM size reduction technique for DA (Distributed Arithmetic) is proposed. The proposed method is based on modified OBC (Offset Binary Coding) and control circuit reduction technique. By simulations, it is shown that the use of the proposed technique can result in reduction in the number of gates up to 50%.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.473-496
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• 2022

In 2014, Liu and Wang established a large number of interesting reduction, transformation and summation formulas for the Kampé de Fériet function. Inspired by the work, we aim to find further several transformation and reduction formulas for the Kampé de Fériet function. Theses formulas are mainly based on the formulas given by Liu and Wang [33].

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1994.06a
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• pp.1009-1014
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• 1994

This paper improves the previously proposed spectral mapping method for supervised speaker adaptation in which a mapped spectrum is interpolated from speaker difference vectors at typical spectra based on a minimized distortion criterion. In estimating these difference vectors, it is important to find an appropriate number of typical points. The previous method empirically adjusts the number of typical points, while the present method optimizes the effective number by rank reduction of normal equation. This algorithm was applied to a supervised speaker adaptation for Korean word recognition using the templates form a prototype male speaker. The result showed that the rank reduction technique not only can automatically determine an optimal number of code vectors, but also slightly improves the recognition scores compared with those obtained by the previous method.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.216-220
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• 2014

This paper presents effect of nozzle hole number on atomization characteristic of DME fuel spray using three different type of injector having the hole number of 6, 7 and 8. For this study, PDPA(phase Doppler particle analyzer) experiment was performed in terms of $T_{ASOE}$ under various injection pressure. To compare general trend of atomization characteristic, the law data were ensemble averaged based on $T_{eng}$ of 0.2 ms. Results showed that the droplet diameter in terms of SMD(Sauter Mean Diameter) was reduced as increase in injection pressure. Increasing the number of hole lead to reduce in droplet diameter, but no significant reduction in diameter was observed between hole number of 7 and that of 8. In addition, increasing the number of hole resulted in decrease in droplet velocity which is considered as the effect of reduction in spray momentum due to decreasing of fuel quantity per each hole.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.22 no.8
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• pp.756-762
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• 2012

A method of the low-frequency noise reduction in an enclosure by using an array of Helmholtz resonator is presented. An integral form of equation, which represents the acoustical coupling between the internal sound field and the resonator array, is formulated so that the boundary element method can be applied to solve the coupling problem. It is shown that the resonator array on the surface of the enclosure can be regarded as impedance patches on the boundary element. Experiments on a simple enclosure acoustically coupled with an array of resonators are conducted to verify the method. The predicted noise reduction by the boundary element method shows good agreement with the measured one. The effects of the resistance of resonators as well as the number of resonators on the noise reduction are demonstrated. As a practical example, the presented method is applied to the payload fairing of a space launcher with resonator arrays. It is demonstrated that the resistance of resonators affects significantly the required number of resonators to achieve a desired noise reduction.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.123-131
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• 1997

The influence of (-0-Hydroxycitrate(HCA), shown to be a competitive inhibitor of adenosine 5-triphosphate(ATP) citrate lyase, on food intake and body weight, serum triglyceride and cholosterol level, in vivo rates of fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis, and fat cell number and size was investigated. 3 groups of female, 5 weeks old Sprague Dawley rats, 8 animals each, were ad libitum meal-fed or pair-fed(3 hours from 10 : 00 to 13 : 00) AIN based high glucose diet for a total period of 8 weeks. Providing normolipidemic rats orally with 400mg of HCA formula containing approximately 20mg of HCA 1 hour prior to daily feeding schedule significantly depressed in vivo hepatic rates of fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis in the liver and adipose tissue. Serum triglyceride and cholesterol levels were significantly reduced by HCA. At the end of treatment period, the rats administered with HCA resulted in a significantly reduction in body weight gain. The reduction in weights was attributable to a significant decrease in fat cell size with a smaller extent, but not significant, reduction in fat cell number. Rats receiving HCA demonstrated less food intake than the controls ; however, this decreased caloric intake was not fully responsible for the HCA induced depression of hepatic and adipocytic lipogenesis, since experiment using pair-fed cojntrol rats showed, less magnitude but similar results. Both a anorectic and an antilipogenic properties of HCA seem to be responsible for this weight reduction activity of HCA. The outcome of this study suggest that metabolic regulation may be a feasible approach to the control of obesity and hyperlipidemia.