• 한국독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국독성학회 2001년도 International Symposium on Dietary and Medicinal Antimutgens and Anticarcinogens
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• pp.166-166
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• 2001

Effects of propargylglycine (PPG) treatment on the hepatic glutathione (GSH) synthesis were examined in adult male ICR mice. Administration of PPG (200 mole/kg, ip) to mice resulted in a complete inhibition of the hepatic cystathionine ${\gamma}$ -lyase (C ${\gamma}$ L) activity measured in cytosol fraction for 40 hr after the treatment. A single injection of PPG rapidly reduced the hepatic GSH levels, which appeared to be sustained at least for 40 hr.(omitted)

• Toxicological Research
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.141-149
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• 1991

The treatment with 5ng/ml of mercuric chloride caused time-dependent decreases, and in the activities of GSH S-transferase and GSH-peroxidase, and in the concentration of GSH in CHO cells. Three hours after treatment of $Hg^{2+}$, the activity of GSH S-transferase was decreased to almost half value of control group and the activity of GSH-peroxidase was reduced significantly at 6 hr after treatment. The concentration of GSH was decreased 2 hr after treatment of $Hg^{2+}$ and was decreased to nearly half value of control group 3 hr after treatment.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.495-500
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• 2000

We investigated whether S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) treatment improved ischemic injury using perfused rat liver after sequential periods of 24 h cold and 20 min re-warming ischemia. SAM (100 $\mu\textrm{mol/L}$) was added to University of Wisconsin (UW) solution and Ringers lactate solution. After cold and sequential warm ischemia, releases of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) markedly increased during repefusion. The increase in PNP was significantly reduced by SAM treatment. While the concentration of reduced glutathione (GSH) in ischemic livers significantly decreased, the concentration of glutathione disulfide (GSSG) increased. This decrease in GSH and increase in GSSG were suppressed by SAM treatment. Lipid peroxidation was elevated in cold and warm ischemic and reperfused livers, but this elevation was also prevented by SAM treatment. Hepatic ATP levels were decreased in the ischemic and reperfused livers to 42% of the control levels. However, treatment with SAM resulted in significantly higher ATP levels and preserved the concentration of AMP in ischemic livers. Our findings suggest that SAM prevents oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation and helps preserve hepatic energy metabolism.

• BMB Reports
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.169-174
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• 2013

The human $B_{12}$ trafficking chaperone hCblC is well conserved in mammals and non-mammalian eukaryotes. However, the C-terminal ~40 amino acids of hCblC vary significantly and are predicted to be deleted by alternative splicing of the encoding gene. In this study, we examined the thermostability of the bovine CblC truncated at the C-terminal variable region (t-bCblC) and its regulation by glutathione. t-bCblC is highly thermolabile ($T_m={\sim}42^{\circ}C$) similar to the full-length protein (f-bCblC). However, t-bCblC is stabilized to a greater extent than f-bCblC by binding of reduced glutathione (GSH) with increased sensitivity to GSH. In addition, binding of oxidized glutathione (GSSG) destabilizes t-bCblC to a greater extent and with increased sensitivity as compared to f-bCblC. These results indicate that t-bCblC is a more sensitive form to be regulated by glutathione than the full-length form of the protein.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.61-67
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• 2006

Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) seedlings exposed to various concentrations of $CdCl_2(0{\sim}100{\mu}M)$ in a nutrient solution for up to 9 days were analyzed with respect to the thiol changes and oxidative stress. The Cd exposure increased total non-protein thiols (NPT) and cysteine in both leaves and roots, total glutathione in leaves, and the ratios of oxidized glutathione (GSSG)/reduced glutathione (GSH) in both leaves and roots, but decreased the ratio of dehydroascorbate (DASA)/ascorbate(ASA) in leaves. Our results suggest that the Cd-induced GSH depletion due to thiol synthesis and oxidation alters the antioxidant activity of seedlings for $H_2O_2$, and the subsequent $H_2O_2$ accumulationand oxidative stress result in phytotoxicity.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.344-350
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• 1997

당뇨병쥐에 있어서 생체내 항산화방어계에 미치는 zinc투여의 영향을 관찰하기 위하여 비타민 E 투여군과 비교실험하였다. 혈당량은 당뇨군들이 대조군에 비해 현저히 증가되었으나 ZDM군이 DM과 EDM군에 비해 약간 감소되는 경향을 띠었다. 혈장 인슐린수준은 혈당량과 반대의 경향을 띠었다. 간조직중의 TBARS 축적량은 대조군에 비해 DM군은 2.3배 높았고 ZDM군은 DM에 비해 낮아졌으며, EDM군은 대조군과 비슷하였다. 간조직중의 환원형 glutathione(GSH) 함량은 대조군에 비해 DM군은 감소되었으나 ZDM과 EDM군은 DM군에 비해 각각 2.3, 1.7배씩 증가되었다. 산화형 GSH함량은 대조군에 비해 DM군이 증가되었고, DM군에 비해 ZDM군과 EDM군 모두 감소하였으며 GSH/GSSG비는 GSH비와 비슷한 경향이었다. 간조직중의 SOD, GSH-Px, GST활성은 모두 대조군에 비해 DM군은 유의적으로 감소되었으나 ZDM, EDM군은 DM군에 비해 증가되었다. 간장과 신장에서의 metallotruonein 함량은 모두 대조군에 비해 DM, EDM군은 증가하였고, ZDM군은 20배, 5.3배 각각 현저히 증가하였다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.57-63
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• 1972

In an attempt to better understand the radioprotective effect of reduced glutathione(GSH), and to observe a possible radioprotective effect of Ginseng extract, whole body X-irradiation of 1,200 r was administered to the mouse either independently or immediately following the injection of GSH or Ginseng extract to the mouse intraperitoneally. The non-protein sulfhydryl (NP-SH) and non-protein disulfide (NP-SS) levels of the liver, and NP-SH level of NP-SH of the blood of the mouse were measured at 30, 60 and 120 minutes, and results were compared with the normal. The results thus obtained are summarized as follows; 1) The normal values of NP-SH and NP-SS of the mouse liver were $5.90{\pm}0.46\;{\mu}\;mol/gm\;wet\;wt.,\;and\;3.02{\pm}0.42\;{\mu}\;mol/ml$ wet wt., respectively, and the normal value of NP-SH of NP-SH of the mouse blood was $3.98{\pm}1.29\;{\mu}\;mol/ml$ 2) The injection of both GSH and Ginseng extract produced the highest values of NP-SH in the liver at 30 minutes, but a gradual decrease to the normal was observed thereafter. When X-irradiation alone was applied, the liver NP-SH value was lower than the normal at 60 minutes post-irradiation and thereafter. When Ginseng extract was injected immediately prior to X-irradiation, the liver NP-SH was lower than the normal throughout the experiment with the lowest value at 60 minutes. However, the combination of GSH and X-irradiation produced higher than the normal values throughout the entire experiment. 3) The liver NP-SS value was most significantly elevated at 30 minutes after the injection of GSH, hut the recovery to the normal was observed thereafter. The injection of Ginseng extract produced slightly higher liver NP-SS values at 30 and 60 minutes, but the value at 120 minutes was similar to the normal. The single application of X-irradiation resulted in the lower then normal liver NP-SS values throughout the entire experiment. When GSH was injected price to X-irradiation, the liver NP-SS values were higher than the normal at 30 and 60 minutes followed b the recovery to the normal at 120 minutes. The combination of Ginseng extract and X-irradiation showed generally lower liver NP-SS values throughout the experiment. 4) The blood NP-SH showed the higher than the normal values in all the experimental groups except when GSH was injected prior to X-irradiation alone produced e significantly elevated blood NP-SS value at 30 minutes post-irradiation.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.99-106
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• 2012

본 연구는 선형가속기의 고에너지 엑스선을 조사한 생쥐 간에 대한 백삼과 동충하초의 방사선방호효과를 연구하였다. ICR계 수컷생쥐 군에 7일 동안에 경구적으로 백삼(150 mg/kg/day)과 동충하초(200 mg/kg/day)를 각각 방사선조사 전에 투여했고 다른 생쥐 군에 5 Gy(1.01 Gy/min)의 방사선량으로 전신조사를 했고 대조군에 생리적 식염수 (0.1 ml)를 투여 한 후 간 조직에서 환원형 글루타치온(GSH)과 산화형 글루타치온(GSSG)의 함량을 각각 검사하였다. 그 결과 방사선조사군(Rad)보다 동충하초투여군(EF+Rad)과 백삼투여군(WG+Rad)에서 환원형 글루타치온 (GSH)함량이 유의성 있게 증가했으나 산화형 글루타치온(GSSG)의 함량은 유의성 있게 감소하였다. 총 환원형 글루타치온(total GSH)과 산화형 글루타치온(GSSG)의 함량 비율은 방사선조사군(Rad)보다 동충하초투여군(EF+Rad)과 백삼투여군(WG+Rad)에서 유의성 있게 감소하였다.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.101-108
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• 2010

Halogenated organic compounds, such as 1-bromobutane (1-BB), have been used as cleaning agents, agents for chemical syntheses or extraction solvents in workplace. In the present study, immunotoxic effects of 1-BB and its conjugation with glutathione (GSH) were investigated in female BALB/c mice. Animals were treated orally with 1-BB at 375, 750 and 1500 mg/kg in corn oil once for dose response or treated orally with 1-BB at 1500 mg/kg for 6, 12, 24 and 48 hr for time course. S-Butyl GSH was identified in spleen by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Splenic GSH levels were significantly reduced by single treatment with 1-BB. S-Butyl GSH conjugates were detected in spleen from 6 hr after treatment. Oral 1-BB significantly suppressed the antibody response to a T-dependent antigen and the production of splenic intracellular interlukin-2 in response to Con A. Our present results suggest that 1-BB could cause immunotoxicity as well as reduction of splenic GSH content, due to the formation of GSH conjugates in mice. The present results would be useful to understand molecular toxic mechanism of low molecular weight haloalkanes and to develop biological markers for exposure to haloalkanes.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제42권10호
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• pp.1525-1532
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• 2013

말채나무 열수추출물의 항산화 활성을 알아보기 위해 HepG2 세포에 TBHP로 산화 스트레스를 유도한 뒤 말채나무 열수추출물의 세포 보호효과, ROS 생성억제, 지질과산화 억제 및 GSH 생성에 미치는 영향에 대해 살펴보았다. 말채나무 열수추출물은 HepG2 세포에 TBHP로 산화 스트레스를 유도한 뒤 나타나는 세포독성에 대해 농도 의존적으로 유의하게 세포 보호효과를 보였으며, ROS 생성과 과산화물에 대한 지표로서 측정한 MDA도 말채나무 열수추출물에 의해 효과적으로 억제되었다(P<0.05). 또한 항산화 성분으로 생체 내에서 산화 및 환원반응에 중요한 역할을 하며 항산화 효소인 GSH-Px, GST에 전자공여체로 작용하는 GSH의 생성촉진 효능에서도 말채나무 열수추출물은 산화 스트레스로 감소된 GSH의 생성을 농도 의존적으로 촉진시켰다(P<0.05). 산화 스트레스에 의해 활성이 증가된 항산화 효소(CAT, SOD, GSH-Px, GR)도 말채나무 열수추출물의 처리로 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 이러한 결과로 미루어 보아 말채나무 열수 추출물은 인체 내에서 질병과 노화를 일으키는 원인 물질인 활성산소에 대해 강한 항산화 활성을 나타냄에 따라 보다 다양한 형태의 소재로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.