• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.844-853
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• 2005

본 연구는 연안기상 정보를 효율적으로 이용하여 사전에 적조를 예찰하고 실용화하여 적조로부터의 재해를 저감하는데 있다. 이러한 적조예찰을 위해서는 기본적으로 우리나라 주변 해역의 적조발생에 관여하는 기상 및 해양인자들의 환경학적 특성을 파악하고 이들의 상관성으로부터 적조발생 가능성을 예측하는 정보를 제공하는 것이 매우 중요하다. 또한 이러한 정보를 공공의 활용에 쉽게 이용될 수 있게끔 정보시스템을 구축하는 것이 필요하다. 앞으로 본 연구의 결과는 이 분야에 관련되는 학계, 공공기관, 업계의 종사자들에게 유용한 정보로 활용될 것으로 기대되며 그리고 매년 연례행사처럼 국가적으로 문제시 되고 있는 우리나라 주변해역의 적조피해를 줄이는데 실질적으로 기여할 것이다.

• ALGAE
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.141-150
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• 2023

Light quality is a common environmental factor which influences the metabolism of biochemical substances in algae and leads to the response of algal growth and development. Pyropia yezoensis is a kind of economic macroalgae that naturally grows in the intertidal zone where the light environment changes dramatically. In the present study, P. yezoensis thalli were treated under white light (control) and monochromatic lights with primary colors (blue, green, and red) for 14 days to explore their physiological response to light quality. During the first 3 days of treatment, P. yezoensis grew faster under blue light than other light qualities. In the next 11 days, it showed better adaptation to green light, with higher growth rate and photosynthetic capacity (reflected by a higher rETR_max = 61.58 and E_k = 237.78). A higher non-photochemical quenching was observed in the treatment of red light than others for 14 days. Furthermore, the response of P. yezoensis to light quality also results in the difference of photosynthetic pigment contents. The monochromatic light could reduce the synthesis of all pigments, but the reduction degree was different, which may relate to the spectral absorption characteristics of pigments. It was speculated that P. yezoensis adapted to a specific or changing light environments by regulating the synthesis of pigments to achieve the best use of light energy in photosynthesis and premium growth and metabolism.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.119-129
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• 2015

우리나라 동해안 중부의 축산항 지역에서 2007년 7월부터 2009년 5월까지 계절별로 조간대와 조하대 해조류의 종조성과 군집구조를 조사하였다. 2년에 걸친 조사를 통해 밝혀진 해조류는 총 98종(녹조류 13종, 갈조류 23종, 홍조류 62종)이었고, 조사시기별로는 33~63종의 범위로 나타났다. 이 가운데 녹조류 2종(구멍갈파래, 떡청각), 갈조류 3종(참그물바탕말, 톳, 왜모자반), 그리고 홍조류 11종(작은구슬산호말, 혹돌잎, 참도박, 참지누아리, 붉은까막살, 진분홍딱지, 진두발, 잔금분홍잎, 개서실, 모로우붉은실, 참보라색우무)의 16종은 모든 조사시기에 관찰되었다. 해조류의 단위면적당 생물량은 평균 $629.68g\;dry\;wt\;m^{-2}$이었으며, 계절별로 $119.30{\sim}1,660.96g\;dry\;wt\;m^{-2}$의 범위를 보였다. 조사지역 해조군집의 수직분포는 조간대에서 작은구슬산호말과 모자반류, 조하대 1 m에서 모자반류, 5 m에서 모자반류와 무절산호조류 그리고 10 m에서 무절산호조류로 대표되었다.

• ALGAE
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.125-134
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• 2012

Germanium dioxide ($GeO_2$) has been used for many years in the cultivation of red and green algae as a means of controlling the growth of diatoms. Brown algae are sensitive to $GeO_2$, however, the basis of this sensitivity has not been characterized. Here we use embryos of $Fucus$ $vesiculosus$ to investigate morphological and physiological impacts of $GeO_2$ toxicity. Morphometric features of embryos were measured microscopically, and physiological features were determined using pulse amplitude modulated (PAM) fluorometry. At 5 mg $L^{-1}$ $GeO_2$, embryos grew slower than controls and developed growth abnormalities. After 24 h, initial zygote divisions were often oblique rather than transverse. Rhizoids had inflated tips in $GeO_2$ and were less branched, and apical hairs were deformed, with irregularly aligned, spheroidal cells. Minimum fluorescence ($F_0$) showed minor differences over the 10 days experiment, and pigment levels (chlorophylls $a$, $c$ and total carotenoids) showed no difference after 10 days. Optimum quantum yield increased from ca. 0.52 at 24 h to 0.67 at 5 days, and $GeO_2$-treated embryos had higher mean values (significant at 3 and 5 days). Optimum quantum yield of photosystem II (${\Phi}_{PSII}$) was stable in control thalli after 5 days, but declined significantly in $GeO_2$. Addition of silica (as $SiO_2$) did not reverse the effects of $GeO_2$. These results suggest that $GeO_2$ toxicity in brown algae is associated with negative impacts at the cytological level rather than metabolic impacts associated with photosynthesis.

• 생약학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.43-47
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• 2010

In order to screen new receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor which is expected to be anticancer drug lead, we have investigated receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitory activity on the marine alga-derived symbiotic microorganisms (500 strains). The significant activities (over 70% inhibition at $10\;{\mu}g/ml$) were observed in the extracts of ten strains (Strain No.: MFA018, 019, 206, 242, 325, 335, 343, 344, 354, 356), isolated from marine red algae, five strains (Strain No.: MFA030, 126, 213, 324, 339), isolated from the brown algae, and one strain (Strain No.: MFA272), isolated from the marine green algae, respectively. Among the active strains, MFA019 and 356 showed strong receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitory activity with $IC_{50}$ values of 0.6 and $0.9\;{\mu}g/ml$, respectively.

• ALGAE
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.151-162
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• 2008

Marine algal flora and community structure were seasonally examined at three sites in the vicinity of the Wolseong nuclear power plant in Korea from February to November 2006. A total of 126 seaweeds including 25 green, 31 brown, 70 red algae, and 1 marine plant were identified. The greatest number of species occurred at Jeonchonri (101 species) followed by intake (88 species) and discharge (29 species) during the study period. Of 126 seaweeds, 76 annuals and 13 warm tolerance species were recorded. Dominant species based on important value (IV > 10) were Ulva pertusa and Enteromorpha linza at intake, U. pertusa and Padina arborescens at discharge, and Sargassum horneri and Corallina pilulifera at Jeonchonri shore. Annual average biomass exhibited a wide range of variations, from 40.67g m-2 in dry weight at discharge to 133.69g m-2 at Jeonchonri. Among six functional groups, dominant group was coarsely-branched form at intake and Jeonchonri, but it was different at discharge site as filamentous form. Seaweed community structures of discharge site were distinguishable in decreasing species richness, biomass, species diversity index (H’), richness index (R), and evenness index (J’). Also, the ratios of green algae, warm tolerance species, annual algae, filamentous form and dominance index (DI) remarkably increased. Such phenomenons of discharge site are usually found under environmentally stressful conditions such as high disturbance. Thus, I can conclude that the heated effluents of nuclear power plant act as environmental stress influencing seaweed community structures and it can be detected with various community indices.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.103-107
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• 2002

Four known sesquiterpenes, laurinterol (1), isolaurinterol (2), aplysinal (3) and aplysin (4) were isolated from the Korean red alga Laurencia okamurae off Cheju Island, Korea. Their structures were identified by comparison with the literature data. Compounds 1-4 showed potent cytotoxicity against A549, SK-OV-3, SKMEL-2, XF498, and HTl5 cell lines with $EC_{50}$ values ranging from 1.2 to 17.6 ${\mu}g/ml$.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2001

In a previous study by Kim et al. (2000), sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) has been demonstrated to be effective against algae that cause red tides. To secure the environmental safely of the chemical in practical use, effect of NaOCl, at concentrations required for algicidal activity, on the histology of rockfish and little neck clam was examined. When the animals were exposed to NaOCl at concentrations of 0.5 or 2ppm for 1 hr, there was no exposure-associated histological change in either animal. As the experimental exposure condition was set in consideration of the use, our results provide safety information necessary for practical application to marine fields.

• ALGAE
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.83-92
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• 2013

The descriptions of galls, or tumors, in red algae have been sparse. K$\ddot{u}$tzing (1865) observed possible galls of Bostrychia but only presented a drawing. Intensive culture observations of hundreds of specimens of the genus Bostrychia over many years have revealed that galls appeared in only a small subset of our unialgal cultures of B. kelanensis, Bostrychia moritziana/radicans, B. radicosa, B. simpliciuscula, and B. tenella and continued to be produced intermittently or continuously over many years in some cultures but were never seen in field specimens. Galls appeared as unorganized tissue found primarily on males and bisexuals, but occasionally on females and tetrasporophytes. The gall cells usually were less pigmented than neighboring tissue, but contained cells with fluorescent plastids and nuclei. The galls were not transferable to other potential hosts. Galls could be produced from gall-free tissue of cultures that originally had galls even after transfer to new culture dishes. Electon microscopy of galls on one isolate (3895) showed that virus-like particles are observed in some gall cells. It is possible that a virus is the causative agent of these galls.

• ALGAE
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.237-252
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• 2020

Temperate rocky reefs dominated by the giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera, support diverse assemblages of benthic macroalgae that provide a suite of ecosystem services, including high rates of primary production in aquatic ecosystems. These forests and the benthic macroalgae that inhabit them are facing both short-term losses and long-term declines throughout much of their range in the eastern Pacific Ocean. Here, we quantified patterns of benthic macroalgal biomass and irradiance on rocky reefs that had intact kelp forests and nearby reefs where the benthic macroalgae had been lost due to deforestation at three sites along the California, USA and Baja California, MEX coasts during the springs and summers of 2017 and 2018. We then modeled how the loss of macroalgae from these reefs impacted net benthic productivity using species-specific, mass-dependent rates of photosynthesis and respiration that we measured in the laboratory. Our results show that the macroalgal assemblages at these sites were dominated by a few species of stipitate kelps and fleshy red algae whose relative abundances were spatially and temporally variable, and which exhibited variable rates of photosynthesis and respiration. Together, our model estimates that the dominant macroalgae on these reefs contribute 15 to 4,300 mg C m^-2 d^-1 to net benthic primary production, and that this is driven primarily by a few dominant taxa that have large biomasses and high rates of photosynthesis and / or respiration. Consequently, we propose that the loss of these macroalgae results in the loss of an important contribution to primary production and overall ecosystem function.