• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.229-231
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• 2012

Toxoplasma gondii is a zoonotic parasite resulting in human infections and one of the infectious pathogens leading to uveitis and retinochoroiditis. The present study was performed to assess T. gondii infection in 20 ocular patients with chronic irregular recurrent uveitis (20 aqueous humor and 20 peripheral blood samples) using PCR. All samples were analyzed by nested PCR targeting a specific B1 gene of T. gondii. The PCR-positive rate was 25% (5/20), including 5% (1) in blood samples, 25% (5) in aqueous humor samples, and 5% (1) in both sample types. A molecular screening test for T. gondii infection in ocular patients with common clinical findings of an unclear retinal margin and an inflammatory membrane over the retina, as seen by fundus examination, may be helpful for early diagnosis and treatment.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.29-31
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• 2000

A toxoplasmic uveitis case was reported on the focus of impairment of pathological findings and serological antibody titers after chemotherapy. A chief complaint of a 60-year-old male was a decreased and blurred vision in his right eye for 2 weeks after experiencing tremendous stress and fatigue. A steroid therapy for 3 weeks was not effective and the retinal lesion became necrotic. Anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibody titer was checked to be a strong positive by both ELISA and indirect latex agglutination assay (lLA). He was treated with Fansidar F for 8 weeks. His vision improved as the necrotic lesion healed by scarring, but the antibody titers still remained very high without any signs of negative conversion. It is suggested to be a recurrent case of the past asymptomatic infection by presumed immune suppression caused by excessive stress.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.520-523
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• 2009

The purporse of this study was to evaluate the quantitative differences in mRNA expression of TLR-2, -4, and -9 in normal equine eyes and eyes with equine recurrent uveitis (ERU). Normal equine eyes (n = 6) and eyes with naturally-occurring ERU (n = 6) were collected. Real time PCR assay was performed to compare mRNA expression of TLR-2, -4, and -9 between normal and ERU eyes. A significant up-regulation of TLR-2 and -9 mRNA in the ciliary body and TLR-2 mRNA in the iris was found in eyes with ERU compared to the mRNA levels in these same tissues of normal equine eyes. There were no remarkable differences observed in TLR-4 mRNA expression between normal eyes and eyes with ERU. The current data suggest the potential involvement of TLR-2 and -9 in the pathogenesis of ERU. However, further study is required to determine the role of TLRs in ERU.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.59 no.sup1
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• pp.5-9
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• 2016

Blau syndrome (BS) is a rare autosomal dominant, inflammatory syndrome that is characterized by the clinical triad of granulomatous dermatitis, symmetric arthritis, and recurrent uveitis. Mutations in the nucleotide oligomerization domain 2 (NOD2 ) gene are responsible for causing BS. To date, up to 30 Blau-associated genetic mutations have been identified within this gene. We report a novel NOD2 genetic mutation that causes BS. A girl, aged 8 years, and her brother, aged 10 years, developed erythematous skin rashes and uveitis. The computed tomography angiogram of the younger sister showed features of midaortic dysplastic syndrome. The brother had more prominent joint involvement than the sister. Their father (38 years) was also affected by uveitis; however, only minimal skin involvement was observed in his case. The paternal aunt (39 years) and her daughter (13 years) were previously diagnosed with sarcoidosis. Mutational analysis revealed a novel c.1439 A>G mutation in the NOD2 gene in both siblings. The novel c.1439 A>G mutation in the NOD2 gene was found in a familial case of BS. Although BS is rare, it should always be considered in patients presenting with sarcoidosis-like features at a young age. Early diagnosis of BS and prompt multisystem workup including the eyes and joints can improve the patient's outcome.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.850-856
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• 1999

Behcet's disease is a complex multisystem disease that features recurrent aphthous stomatitis, recurrent genital ulcerations, and eye lesions(uveitis or chorioretinitis). Among the systemic manifestations, pulmonary involvement is known to be rare and only a few cases have been documented. The most important features of pulmonary lesions in Behcet's disease are recurrent hemoptysis, which is often massive, and fatal pleuritic chest pain and recurrent high fever and fleeting nature of the pulmonary infiltrates. We report a case of Behcet's disease manifestated as high fever and pleural effusions which was complicated by pulmonary infarction as a result of pulmonary arteritis.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.166-172
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• 2022

Blau syndrome is a systemic autoinflammatory disease presenting with non-caseating granulomatous dermatitis, chronic uveitis, and arthritis. It is caused by a gain-of-function variant of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain protein 2 gene, which leads to the overactivation of inflammatory cytokines and eventually causes autoinflammation. Since the symptoms of Blau syndrome are nonspecific and usually do not appear simultaneously, it is challenging to differentiate Blau syndrome from other inflammatory disorders. This is a case report of a 13-month-old boy who had suffered from recurrent skin rash and fever. The patient was previously misdiagnosed as refractory Kawasaki disease twice and was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin and systemic glucocorticoid, which only resulted in transient improvement of the symptoms. He was eventually diagnosed with Blau syndrome.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.80-83
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• 2008

Behcet's disease (BD) is a multisystem inflammatory disorder dominated clinically by recurrent oral and genital ulceration, uveitis and erythema nodosum. BD is very rare in children, especially those less than 10 years of age, who account for only an estimated 5% of all cases. Gastrointestinal ulcers, in patients with Behcet's disease with intestinal involvement are rare and have been reported in only 1-2% of all cases. The intestinal ulcers of Behcet's disease are usually multiple and scattered and tend to cause perforations associated with significant morbidity. Patients with BD and abdominal symptoms must be evaluated thoroughly for potential perforation of the gastrointestinal tract. Here we report the case of a 4 year 9 month old child with multiple perforations of the gastrointestinal tract associated with BD.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.68-71
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• 2011

We present a case of Neuro-Behçet's disease with an unpredictable clinical course. A 47-year-old man was admitted to the neurosurgery department of our hospital with a mild headache. Three days after admission, his consciousness suddenly decreased and respiratory distress progressed rapidly. A brain MRI revealed that the previously observed abnormal signal had extended markedly to both the thalamic areas and the entire brain stem, and the surrounding brain parenchyma were compressed by cerebral edema. Based on the patient's symptoms of recurrent oral and genital ulcers, skin lesions, and uveitis, a rheumatologist made a diagnosis of Behçet's disease with CNS involvement. The patient was treated with high-dose methylprednisolone with respiratory assistance in the intensive care unit for 9 days and his neurologic symptoms improved remarkably. Neuro-Behçet's disease must be considered in the differential diagnosis in rapidly deteriorated young neurological patients along with a stroke, low-grade glioma, multiple sclerosis, and occlusive venous disease.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.104-106
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• 2009

Behcet's disease is a chronic relapsing vasculitis characterized by recurrent aphthous oral and genital ulcers with uveitis. Multiple organs can be involved. Entero-Behcet's disease is often uncontrollable, relapsing, and can cause acute intestinal bleeding, fistula formation, or perforation. Corticosteroids, immunosuppressors, and colchicines are used to treat Entero-Behcet's disease with varying degree of success. Thalidomide may also be feasible. We present a 29-year-old male Entero-Behcet's patient suffering from abdominal pain, diarrhea, and back pain. He did not respond to prior treatments, but responded to thalidomide.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.1061-1070
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• 2004

Chronic oral aphthae, recurrent ulcer and uveitis are the three main festations of Behcet's disease(BD). The aetiopathogenesis of Behcet's disease is still obscure, but herpes simplex virus is one of the possible casual factors. Gamchosasim-tang (Gancaoxiexin-tang), Banhasasim-tang(Banxiaxiexin-tang) and Saenggangsasim-tang( Shengjiangxiexin-tang) are traditional medication in Oriental medicine, that has been used to treat inflammatory disease. Especially, Gamchosasim-tang used to treat Behcet's disease like symptoms. ICR mice were used for this study. The earlobe of the mice were scratched with a needle, then inoculation with 1.0×10/sup 6/ plaque forming units/㎖ of HSV type I. Virus inoculation was performed twice with 10 day interval, followed by 16 weeks of observation. Using the HSV-induced Behcet's disease mouse model, kinds of Sasim-tang were administered variously before and after inoculation. In order to. classify the symptomatic mice as having Behcet's disease like symptoms. We followed the revised Japanese classification with minor modifications. Ulceration of the mice were monitored. In addition, spleen cytokine expression were measured by polymerase chain reaction, ELISA. HSV DNA was detected in HSV inoculation mice. HSV-induced mice treated with kinds of Sasim-tang showed improvement in symptom. In RT-PCR results, IFN-γ was expressed for all groups, IL-2 was expressed for the treated groups, and IL-10 was also expressed. IL-4 was expressed nothing. In ELISA, IL-2 was increased for GSST 2, BSST 2, GSST 2, GSST3 and INF-γ was increased for GSST 2, BSST 2, SSST 2, SSST 3. This model suggest the possible role of immune response to viral infection in the development and activation of Behcet's disease.