• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.185-208
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• 2012

The goal of this study is to take a look at grandmothers' experience raising children with a focus on the children's generation and the grandchildren's generation. To do this, we conducted in-depth interviews with three grandmothers who raised their children and their grandchildren. As a result, grandmothers' experience raising children was shown in three categories: change in the raising environment, the raising culture, and the sense of value of raising children. These results suggest that the raising experience of grandmothers who have raised children in the past and are currently raising children again are being changed by the transition in raising experience, raising culture, and sense of value of raising children.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.595-601
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• 2011

This study proposed the system to automatically control the optimized raising environment for vegetation, raised in an equipment house, in which u-IT agricultural technology concept was applied. The system consists of environment sensors such as temperature, humidity, etc., biosensors such as EC, PH, etc., and requested automatic control devices, in which they were automatically controlled by the software system. The system is established in client systems, installed in each equipment house and the server system, collecting data from each client system as well. In addition, the system collects each farmer's data through the Internet and 3G network. In this phase, collected raising environment data comes to be analyzed in order to find out the optimized vegetation raising environment, finally, which is visualized and used for consulting each farmer.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.499-507
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• 2021

Background and objective: This study was carried out to develop an effective technique for raising seedlings of Veronica pyrethrina Nakai, a native plant species in the Korean Peninsula, in plug trays. Methods: To investigate the optimum plug cell size and sowing media, we sowed seed in to plug trays with 34, 21, and 10 mL cells and filled with a commercial horticultural substrate and mixtures of peatmoss and perlite in 1:1, 3:1, and 4:1 ratios. Fertilization levels were set at 0, 500, 1000 and 2000 mg·L^-1. Results: Plug cell size did not significantly influence the seedling growth of V. pyrethrina. By substrate type, the growth rate was highest in the horticultural substrate, followed by 4:1, 3:1, and 1:1. Growth by fertilization level was higher in all fertilized treatment groups than in the control group, and there was no difference among 500, 1000, and 2000 mg·L^-1. Conclusion: The results of this study proved that it is most suitable for raising seedlings of V. pyrethrina to sow the seeds in a 10 mL cell plug tray filled with horticultural substrates, and apply fertilizers with less than 500 mg·L^-1 concentration.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.25-35
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was done to identify degrees of factors influencing parenting self-efficacy in grandmother raising infant and toddler. Method: A convenience sample of 121 grandmothers whose grandchild was between 3 to 36 months old was used. The variables were health status, health problems and life event. The data were collected through a questionnaire survey and descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA with Scheffe test, Pearson correlation coefficients and stepwise multiple regression were used to analyze using SPSS WIN 12.0. Results: The average score for parenting self-efficacy was 39.39(SD=5.09), somewhat higher than moderate in level. Factor that was significant in influencing parenting self-efficacy was life event. This factors accounted for 14.6% of explained variance. Conclusions: It was found that the life event was influenced to parenting self-efficacy in grandmothers raising infant and toddler. From this study it is proposed that there is a need to develop programs and policies which support them. Ultimately a good care environment for children will be good for the young children's growth and development.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.102-110
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• 2006

To improve trunk stability, various exercise protocols were introduced into the clinical field. Trunk and lumbar stability exercises on unstable surfaces are especially recommended to improve lumbar stability. The purpose of this study was to compare abdominal oblique muscle activity during leg raising in hook-lying position among 3 different type of surface conditions (on floor (F), vestibular board (VB), and foam roll (FR)). Sixteen able-bodied volunteers, who had no medical history of lower extremity or lumbar spine disease, were recruited for this study. Surface electromyography (EMG) activity was recorded from the internal and external oblique muscles of both sides. The normalized EMG activity was compared using a one-way repeated ANOVA. The results showed that the EMG activities of the internal oblique and external oblique of the lifted leg side during straight leg raising significantly increased under the FR condition when compared to the F condition. There was no significant difference of the EMG activity in abdominal oblique muscles between the VB and the FR conditions. The EMG activity of the internal oblique of supported leg side during the straight leg raising was significantly greater under the FR condition than the VB and F conditions (p<.05). The composition ratio of EMG activity of internal oblique muscles during straight leg raising was significantly increased under the FR condition. Therefore, straight leg raising exercise on foam roll in hook lying position could be beneficial to improve trunk and lumbar stability.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.129-135
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• 2016

This study verified the water saving effect in case of raising water rate depends on water rate awareness. The study results showed that the perceived appropriacy of government aid(p<.001), home water rate(p<.01), water rate pricing system, water rate, water rate diffrences depend on use and area(p<.05) significantly affected the degree of agreement of raising water rate. Also, education, residence, member of household, occipation, monthly household income, monthly water rate significantly affected the degree of agreement of raising water rate, consumer behavior for saving water. This study provided implication for water rate pricing policy by analyzing the water saving effect in case of raising water rate depends on water rate awareness and revealing the determinants of the degree of agreement of raising water rate.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.891-906
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• 2016

This study examined the working site environment of Korean native cattle raising farmers and their actual condition of wearing personal protective equipment as part of preventing disasters during agricultural work. To this end, 160 Korean cattle raising farmers were surveyed and a site visit was performed on 10 farms. According to an examination of the cattle breeding environment, the major harmful factors were in the following order: fine dust (12.8%), organic feed dust (10.3%), contact with cattle (9.7%), manure (8.2%), germs and viruses (8.1%), harmful gases (7.4), contact with obstacles (6.7), and temperature (6.6%). The current status of the rate of wearing protection was in the order of gloves (20.9%), working hats (19.7%), boots (19.6%), masks (10.9%), protective clothing (8.9%), and specialized working clothing (6.6%). Nevertheless, most Korean cattle raising farmers recognized the risks when they did not wear protective equipment and the need for wearing protectors, but they mostly did not wear personal protective equipment due to a lack of knowledge on the selection of appropriate personal protective equipment and the discomfort they experience when they put on protectors. Even when they put on protective equipment, 38% was inappropriate for the farming work environment. Given the research results, improvements on and the development of specialized working clothing and personal protective equipment to protect farmers from harmful and dangerous materials from the cattle nurturing environment is necessary. Overall, based on the study data, objectified data collection, a determination of the necessary performance elements of personal protective equipment, and R&D will be needed through an on-site current status investigation.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2001.07a
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• pp.50-53
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• 2001

In this paper, we applied the Utility Interactive Photovoltaic-Wind Hybrid Generation System for stock raising waste disposal system. For the power consumption reduction of proposed system, we used the electromotive control system. So as to verify the propriety of proposed system, we made a Pilot Plant and examined the system.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.17-24
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• 2017

Environmental Redesign for Crime Prevention researchers are perceiving that raising the illuminance of the space by installing lighting for the dark space at night in the living environment will enhance the crime prevention effect. It is not realistic situation to see that simply increasing the illumination of the space will inhibit the occurrence of all crimes. In this study, it is analyzed that the measures to increase the illumination by installing lighting in the living space are used to implement the crime. It is necessary to revise the view that crime is suppressed by simply installing lighting and raising illumination. Especially Sex offenders use the space with high illumination to observe the object of crime. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a more intelligent situation recognition function in addition to simply raising the illumination.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.336-336
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• 2017

High mortality and slow growth of seedling generally occurred in tray due to cold, foggy weather and severe seedling blight. Mechanical transplanting is hampered, farmers having economic loss. A sustainable method for raising mat type seedling is necessary. Experiments were conducted on disease control and seedling growth in dry seasons. Fungicides treated/untreated seeds were sown 120-130g in each tray containing pulverized fine grain loam/sandy loam soils. Seed covered with a thin layer of soil and irrigated. It was polythene covered (PC) for 72h and then every night along with 2/3 sprinkler irrigation (SI) per day. Untreated seedlings infected 53-93%. Pyraclostrobin, Azoxystrobin and Azoxystrobin+Difeconazole treated seeds/sprayed (72h) seedlings had no disease. Seedling height was 11.7-13.2 cm with compact and thick root mat at 25 days. Seeds treated at 0.2-0.3% (18-20h) showed no disease but severely in untreated seeds in all locations. Seedling height (13.8 cm), leaf age (3.7) and root number (8.5) were better when NPK were applied at 3-4-3 g/tray. Spraying of urea (1%) in addition with MOP, theovit and $ZnSo_4$ at 0.6-0.6-0.2% on 7 and $15^{th}$ days was also effective. PC showed significant growth (29.1-34.5%). Root mat was not good in flooded irrigation (FI). Disease was higher in SI (66.7-97.3%) than FI (0.7-3.7%) in untreated seeds regardless of polythene use. The protocol would be effective for raising mat type seedling in cold environment.