• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.283-289
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• 2004

According to continuos welded rails on a bridge, temperature changes bring about the expansion of the bridge deck adding axil forces on the track. Moreover, the ballast on the bridge deck expansion joint is moved due to the bridge deck. If bridge decks are longer, the influence is greater, loosening ballast, causing track irregularities, and deteriorating passengers' comfort. Considering structure of bridge itself and tolerance of track irregularities caused by the loosened ballast on bridges, the maximum length of a deck should be less than 80m, which is the same as the standard of the French railway. In this study, an interaction between the expansion related to the bridge length and irregularity in longitudinal level referring to measurements and maintenance works performed in the high-speed railways was analyzed. This research shows that installation of sliding plate or vertical ballast stopper is not a good option since it is difficult to install. On the other hand, installation of movable fastener or gluing is easy but its influence is insignificant. To conclude, switch tie tamping or manual tamping is more effective than others.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2007년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.480-493
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• 2007

기존 노선의 속도향상에 따른 궤도 유지보수비의 절감을 위하여 여러 철도 선진국에서는 다양한 형태의 궤도를 고안하여 사용하고 있지만 현재까지 우리나라의 경우 대부분의 선로는 자갈도상이다. 그러나 현재 국철 및 지하철의 경우 장기사용에 따라 자갈도상기능이 급격히 저하되고 연간 증가되고 있는 열차운행 통과톤수로 인하여 장 단기적인 궤도유지관리에 문제점이 발생하고 있다. 또한 자갈도상 궤도는 자갈마모, 궤도틀림 및 균일하지 않은 궤도지지 강성 등의 문제점으로 인하여 막대한 유지보수 비용이 사용되고 있다. 철도교량상 자갈도상 궤도는 교량과 궤도의 상호작용으로 인하여 자갈도상의 노후화 진전속도가 일반 토노반 및 지하, 터널구간보다 빠르며 이러한 궤도의 노후화는 열차하중의 동적 충격하중을 증폭시켜 궤도 및 교량의 부담력을 증가시키게 된다. 또한 교량상 자갈도상 궤도가 노후되어 하중분산 및 진동감쇠 등과 같은 정상적인 자갈도상 궤도로서의 역할을 수행하지 못하게 된다면 교량이 부담하는 정, 동적하중의 영향이 더욱 가중되고 이는 교량의 거동특성에 영향을 미치게 된다. 따라서 적정 수준의 궤도상태를 유지함으로써 궤도의 적정탄성력을 확보하고 이를 통해 교량의 동적하중부담을 저감시키는 것이 중요하다. 그러나 현행 철도교량 설계 시 적용하는 궤도의 영향은 고정하중으로만 고려되어, 이러한 자갈도상 궤도의 탄성거동 영향이 반영되지 못하는 실정이다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 철도교량의 동적거동 특성을 감안한 교량상 자갈도상 궤도의 탄성력을 추정하고자 공용중인 철도교량 및 자갈도상궤도에 대한 현장측정 및 해석을 통하여 실교량의 동적응답특성을 유발하는 운행선 자갈도상 궤도의 탄성력을 추정하고, 자갈도상궤도의 탄성력변화가 철도교량의 동적거동에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. 그 발현이 미약하거나 나타나지 않았다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 FS-s2, FS-s5, FS-s18 및 Fs-s22 유전자들은 대부분이 기능이 거의 알려져 있지 않는 것들로 기능력의 변화 과정에서 중요한 역할을 할 것으로 생각되나 앞으로 보완 연구를 통하여 각 각의 유전자들의 보다 정확한 기능을 이해하는 것이 필요 할 것으로 사료된다.led sealant의 사용이 바람직하다고 생각된다. 그러나 미세누출에 있어 교합력을 고려한 실험이나 장기간의 임상실험이 필요할 것이다.5).vac/PE필름은 장기저장시 사용이 좋을 것으로 사료된다. 2) 질소가스 및 탄산가스투과도 각각 $61.6{\mu}PVDC/PE/Al-vac/CPS\;12.5,\;59.8>96.9{\mu}PE/PVDC/PE\;7.1,\;42.0>79.3{\mu}ET/PVDC/L-LDPE\;6.4,\;34.2>72.2{\mu}PET/PVDC/PE/Al-vac/PE\;0.74,\;4.2cc/m^2.24hr{\cdot}atm$으로 가장 우수한 PET/PVDC/PE/Al-vac/PE 복합필름이 장기저장용으로 이용이 좋을 것으로 사료된다.태발생을 연구하는데 기초적인 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 조사한 결과 유의확률이 0.05 이하인 수치들은 Hb과 Albumin, K, Na간, Neutrophil과 Leukocyte간이었고 상관계 수치는 $0.370{\sim}0.442$ 사이로 나타났다. 유의확률 0.01이하로 조사된 수치는 Cholesterol과 ALT간, LDH와 Platelet, Creatinine간, Platelet와 BUN간, Na와 K수치간 이었으며 상관계수는 $0.531{\sim}0.866$사이로 나타났다. 5. 농양

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.980-986
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• 2004

So far systematic and reliable methods for the investigation of track substructure (ballast and subgrade) are not developed yet. This study presents the applicability of GPR (Ground Penetrating Radar) and PBS (Portable Ballast Sampler) to the evaluation of railway trackbed conditions. Including FWD (Falling Weight Deflectometer) often used to evaluate the subsurface conditions of pavement, the standard system for assessing trackbed conditions will be developed in the future.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.167-178
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• 2007

In general, it is known that the concrete ballast track is possible to reduce a cost of maintenance activities cause of maintenance free by restrictive maintenance in application of track ballast structures. However, if deteriorations and fracture mechanism of a material are considered, proper maintenance activities and repairing are continually required. For the problems, we evaluated an economical efficiency of the gravel ballast and the concrete ballast on a proper level of maintenance activities. As the method based on history path is difficult to obtain sufficient reliabilities cause of an absence of real data for maintenance activities, we chose the delphi survey method by professional group, and we obtained the appropriate index and profiles for maintenance activities. As a result, we founded that effects for cost reduction can be expected by preventive maintenance management, and we proposed economical restrictions and life cycle cost for track ballast structures in a life cycle.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.961-966
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• 2004

Lateral ballast resistance is one of track components that causes much effects in track buckling. Ballast work or tie renewal if is done the ballast original lateral resistance lose. Reduction of lateral ballast resistance may significantly reduce the stability of track. Lateral ballast resistance that is decreased by these work increases slowly according to the increase of train passing tonnage. We measured the ballast lateral resistance in Okchon station neighborhood in Seoul-Busan line to grasp fluctuation phenomenon of ballast resistance by ballast class-2 work. The rate of decrease of ballast lateral resistance shortly after ballast work and the rate of increase by increase of train passing tonnage were investigated.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.878-883
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• 2005

Sleeper, the ballast, and ballast mat in the high-speed railroad line are modelled using a two-dimensional discrete element method to generate circle and line elements. Stress transfer mechanism from the sleeper to the subgrade via the ballast is analyzed. The behavior of ballast bed of the high-speed railroad line is also accessed with the model.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.829-834
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• 2009

자갈비산에 대한 위험성을 평가하는 한 방법으로 열차 하부 각 지점에서 다양한 자갈 종류 및 열차 속도에 따라 자갈 비산 확률을 파라메타로 제시하였다. 이를 위하여 풍동실험 결과를 바탕으로 한 확률계수 BFPF를 이용하였으며, 다양한 조건의 열차 하부 영역에 대한 수치해석을 수행하여 각 조건에 따른 각 지점의 자갈비산확률을 검토하였다. 열차 속도증가에 따라 비산확률이 급격히 증가하고, 속도가 350 km/h가 되면 자각비산 확률이 87%로 증가하였다. 또한 높힘침목을 적용하였을 경우와 비교를 통해, 다양한 조건에서의 자갈비산 확률에 대한 민감도를 분석하여 자갈형태 및 높힘침목 형태에 따른 변화 특성을 분석하고 높힘침목이 자갈비산 위험을 억제할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.706-711
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• 2005

From the using CWR (Continuously Welded Rail) on steel plate girder bridges without ballast, axial forces are occurred from a temperature on CWR and girders. Because of the additional axial forces, studies in order to CWR and developments of devices are proceeding. The track system of steel plate girder bridges is poor. When CWR is used for the system, the resistance on sleepers is increased from a temperature. So it is increasing an effect on CWR and, for solving the effect, longitudinal forces for buckle are being decreased. It is possible that opposite cases can be happened and it is also compared and studied. Therefore, we present a reasonable model for analyzing CWR within the property of steel plate girder railway bridges in Korea. Furthermore, the results analyzed for stability is compared and evaluated with tests. Finally, a reasonable method for the installation of CWR on bridges without ballast is suggested.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2010년도 춘계 학술발표회
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• pp.208-212
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• 2010

The high-speed railway consists of tracks, gravel ballast and subgrade, and the dynamic load is passed to subgrade through track and gravel ballast. The relaxation condition of the gravel ballast is able to be evaluate relatively and to be repaired through a continuous management, but it is difficult to evaluate the condition of subgrade, which is final part of supporting dynamic load and to repair it when made a problem. The gravel ballast and subgrade are evaluated by determining shear wave velocity. To evaluate ballast and subgrade, a good method to determine shear wave velocity is a non-destructive experiment such as surface wave tests providing a prompt experiment because an experiment in railway has a lot of tests which are carried out following railway directions and needs to prevent damage of the system. In general, a railway has limitation of an experimental space by narrow width, sleeper and etc., and background noise by a reflector exists. The existing surface wave tests need a minimum space, and it is difficult to get a reliable test results on account of background noise effect. Therefore, it is difficult or impossible to apply to existing surface wave test of subgrade and ballast. In this study, the HWAW method is applied to determine a shear wave velocity profile of the underground. The HWAW method is the experiment which is able to be carried out on a narrow space, and it determines share wave velocity of a site by measuring the wave from surface sources on the same spot. In addition, it removes effects of background noise accordingly to a signal processing using harmonic wavelet transforms, so it is useful to evaluate subgrade of a high-speed railway in the narrow space and the situation of background noise. In order to check an application of the HWAW method, an experiment is carried out on a high-speed railway field and a test result is compared to boring results.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2006년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.494-507
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• 2006

The major objective of this study is to investigate the dynamic behaviors of track due to the deterioration characteristics of ballast for servicing tracks by the field test. The durability of ballast plays an important role in the track behaviour. To estimate the deterioration characteristics of ballast, several tests have been carried out by several scholars. The deterioration characteristics of ballast is one of the most important factor in the dynamic behaviour of track and its life. In this paper abrasion/breakage characteristics of ballast is studied to predict the effect of physical ballast characteristics on ballast track. To reveal deterioration characteristics of ballast, the field test were carried out. The deterioration characteristics, studied in this paper, is applied to the dynamic behaviour of track in various conditions.