• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2017

Objective: Two control rooms of a petroleum complex were ergonomically evaluated for this study using diverse drawings of the rooms. The objective of the study is to show the evaluation process and its results, assessment method and essential elements for drawing-based ergonomic evaluation. Background: Ergonomics can enhance the working environment and safety for a control room when implemented effectively. A control room design was examined by ergonomists based on ergonomic principles and well-practiced standards. This study was conducted because a construction consortium wanted to perform an ergonomic evaluation of the control rooms before the construction. Method: A simple evaluation process, composed with a pre-evaluation, an evaluation and a post-evaluation, was employed to carry out the study. ISO 11064, NUREG-0700, NUREG/CR-6150, and CRIOP were reviewed to evaluate the control rooms. The assessment ranges over the control room layout, workstations, display and control, environmental requirements and safety. Three ergonomists participated in the study and performed the evaluation for two months. Results: An experienced consortium of construction companies designed the petroleum complex and control rooms. No significant ergonomic design problems were detected. Quantitative recommendations were provided for the layout and workstation dimensions. Specific design directions were also proposed for environmental requirements and safety. Conclusion and Application: Design advice and minor potential problems were reported as results of the drawing-based ergonomic evaluation. More practical suggestions could be additionally provided if an on-site assessment was conducted. However, the ergonomic evaluation used in this study could be helpful and applied to designing and evaluating other various control rooms prior to their construction.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.111-117
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• 2006

Song-do City is a newly constructed city built on land reclaimed from the seaside and the surrounding area. Its development involved a long process since the basic plans for reclamation of the publicly owned seaside area in Song-do were drawn up in September 1979. However, if we take a look at the overall status of the project as it is carried on at present, it is hard to deny that the project is trapped inside the same legal restrictions as are all other existing cities, which permits Song-do City to meet only very minimum standards. This study intends to analyze and assess the Song-do City's environmentally friendly construction and to rate its current development status, exposing any problems and offering alternative solutions. In this paper, the current state of constructions in Song-do City were reviewed. Then a quantitative analysis and assessment for the Song-do City constructions of apartments, complex buildings, office buildings, and school facilities were conducted by using green building certification criteria. Finally the synthetic results of environmental performance evaluation for Song-do city constructions and follow-up suggestions were described.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.234-245
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• 2012

This study aims to analyze the factors of the extra-curricula area in personal school performance record and propose the practical strategies for entrance examination affairs on this area. To address this goal, we have applied a SWOT analysis with related documents and research results. We found out five strengths: (S1) Link the students' experience to right people for the university, (S2) Quantitative Indicators, (S3) Qualitative Indicators, (S4) Link to other evaluation factors, and (S5) Analysis of Human Resource. The weakness included: (W1) Fairness, (W2) Reliability, (W3) Difficulties to set standards, (W4) Difficulties to set environments, and (W5) Lack of systemic experience of an evaluation. We also discovered five opportunities (O1) Recognition of public education, (O2) The need of national support, (O3) The importance of autonomy, (O4) Specialization, and (O5) Networks. Finally, threat factors consisted of: (T1) Frequent change of educational policy, (T2) Increasing of private education, (T3) Lack of information and preparation time, and (T4) The accuracy and reliability of personal school records. Based on these results, we suggested practical strategies with these four dimensions: S-O, W-O, S-T, and W-T.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.62 no.3
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• pp.15-27
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• 2020

Living infrastructure facilities are concentrated in cities with high population density, it is necessary to supply basic living infrastructure facilities to promote welfare in rural areas. The establishment of basic living infrastructure is the minimum right for daily living of local residents. It is supplied by considering national economic and social characteristics through national minimum standards, but it is limited to be practically applied to rural areas where many villages are dispersed in large areas. There is a situation. Therefore, it is necessary to supply systematic and quantitative facilities by analyzing villages that do not meet the minimum standards of basic living infrastructure in rural areas and by considering their characteristics. The purpose of this study is to identify the basic living infrastructure facilities of village units and analyze the characteristics of each village for Boeun-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.170-175
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• 2005

This study presents a prediction of a failure rate in a safety required system that consists of a embedded control system, requiring a satisfaction of a quantitative safety requirement. International Standards are employed to achieve a regular procedures in the whole life cycle of a system, for the purpose of a prediction and a evaluation of a fault that might be able to be happened in a system. This International Standards uses SIL (Safety Integrity Level) to evaluate a safety level of a system. SIL is divided into 4 levels, from level 1 to level 4, and each level has functional failure rate and dangerous failure rate of a system. In this paper we describe the conventional method to predict the dangerous failure rate and propose a method using hazard analysis to predict the dangerous failure rate. The conventional method and the technique using hazard analysis to predict the dangerous failure rate are made a comparison through the control modules of the interlocking system in KTX. The proposed method verify better effectiveness for the prediction of the dangerous failure rate than that of the conventional method.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.206-213
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• 2007

Recently estimating the uncertainty of an analytical result has become an essential part of quantitative analysis. This study describes the uncertainty of the measurement for the determination of methamphetamine and its major metabolite amphetamine in human hair, The method consists of washing, drying, weighing, incubation and extraction with methanolic HCI solution, clean-up, trifluoroacetyl derivatization, and qualification/quantification of residues by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Traceability of measurement was established through traceable standards and calibrated volumetric equipment and measuring instruments. Measurement uncertainty associated with each analyte in real samples was estimated using quality control (QC) data. The main source of combined standard uncertainty comprised two components, which are uncertainties associated with calibration linearity and variations in QC, while those associated with preparation of analytical standards and sample weighing were not so important considering the degree of contribution. Relative combined standard uncertainties associated with the described method ranged for individual analytes from 4.99 to5.03%.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Health Society Conference
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.326-329
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• 2005

A worker who grinded the inner parts of camshafts for automobile engines using water-soluble metalworking fluid (MWF) for 14 years was diagnosed with sinusitis. We postulated that the outbreak of sinusitis could be associated with exposure to microbes contaminated in water-soluble MWF during the grinding operation. To suggest responsible agents for this outbreak, quantitative exposure assessment for chemical and biological agents and prevalence of work-related respiratory symptoms by questionnaire were studied. The exposure ranges of MWF mist (0.59 $mg/m^3$to 2.12 $mg/m^3$) measured during grinding exceeded 0.5 $mg/m^3$ of the recommended exposure limit (REL). Grinder's exposures to bacteria, fungi and endotoxins were also generally higher than not only the proposed standards, but also those reported by several studies to identify the cause of respiratory effects. Statistical test indicated that the prevalence rate of reported symptoms related to nasal cavities showed no significant differences among the operations. Evaluation on grinding operation characteristics and quantitative exposure assessment indicated that repeated exposure to MWF mist including microbes contaminated from the use of water-soluble MWF may cause respiratory diseases like sinusitis or at least increase susceptibility to the development of sinusitis

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.101-115
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify and assess from nursing students and nurses in the clinical field what constitute good instruction, through the review of nursing students' opinions and clinical field demands. Methods: The study design was used Creswell's exploratory sequential design by collecting and analyzing qualitative data obtained from interviews and then analysis of quantitative data. The participations were 79 seniors in nursing schools and 85 nurses with less than three years of clinical experience. The data were collected through individual interviews and analyzed based on Elo and Kyngas's content analysis method. The quantitative data were collected using the questionnaire developed based on qualitative results and analyzed by SPSS 23.0 program and Importance Performance Analysis (IPA). Results: The results showed that IPA extracted seven items with high importance but low satisfaction: "nursing fads and trends," "teacher-learner communication and reflection," "materials used in clinical settings such as monitoring results and test results," "special presentations by experienced practitioners," "instruction assures learners' comprehension," "accurate and detailed evaluation standards" and "feedback on homework and exam." Conclusion: The factors comprising good instruction were verified, and the necessity for additional efforts to improve high importance and low performance factors was noted. Therefore, this study can serve as a guide for nursing education facilities and educators in developing of a thorough education system with excellent instruction designed to achieve an ideal nursing education.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.113-118
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• 2015

Purpose: In Korea, buildings make up 20.5% (2012) of the gross national energy consumption, so they are a major target for greenhouse gas reduction. In particular, energy consumption in multihousing represents approximately 32.6% of the entire building sector. With improving energy performance being the focus, efforts are continuously being made to reinforce standards and systems in greenhouse gas reduction. This study investigated the current status of multihousing in Korea in terms of energy performance as described in the performance evaluation reports submitted (to an institution that specializes in reviewing the performance evaluation of green homes) based on the construction criteria and performance codes for green homes and examined if the evaluation criteria using related methodologies were appropriate. The results will provide helpful information for reviewing the future directions of operations and amendments to the systems. Method: The overall characteristics of the system were examined using the evaluation methodologies (and current state of revisions) of the performance codes for green homes and comparing them with similar systems. Also, the current state of application and energy performance (conducted according to the evaluation methodologies) were compared by the evaluation institution for multihousing neighborhoods that were assessed for five years from 2010 to 2014. Result: It has been confirmed that the performance codes for green homes are different from other similar systems in evaluating performances of multihousing in that they allow both quantitative and qualitative methods of evaluation, and they consider both energy and sustainability simultaneously in the evaluation. Furthermore, regarding the adoption rate of the forms for the two evaluation methods (Form 1 - quantitative and Form 2 - qualitative), the rate preferring Form 2 increased gradually in time to reach 55.3% in 2014. In analyzing the rate of overall energy reduction (submitted in Form 1) and the coefficient of thermal transmission for each part (submitted in Form 2), it was observed that the deviation between the performance submitted and the criteria decreased in line with the level of reinforcement.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.39-52
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• 2003

As software is developed for many applications and software defects have caused serious problem sin those applications, the concern of software quality evaluation increases rapidly. Although there has been many efforts for establishing standards for software evaluation, such as ISO/IEC 9126, they provide only a framework for defining quality characteristics and evaluation process. They, however, do not provide practical guidances for deriving resonable weight value criteria for software evaluation. This paper presents a method to draw quantitative weight values from evaluator's subjective data in the process of software evaluation as observing the ISO/IEC 9126 standard. To eliminate the evaluators' subjectiveness and the uncertainty of weight value during evaluation, the Dempster-Shafer (D-S) theory is adopted and utilized. In this paper, the D-S theory is supplemented with an improved merge rule to reduce the bias of weight value when they are merged with other evaluator's weight value. The proposed merge rule has been tested and proved with actual evaluation data.