• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.96-105
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• 1998

Electronic cash affects central bank in many areas, in particular regarding the issuance of money, supervision of cashless payments, supervision of the banking system and monetary policy. The effects of electronic cash on central bank policies, the security and integrity of the payment system, and naturally also on single sector such as company engaged in the transport of money and valuables, depend mainly on the extent to which the new payment methods can replace cash. The possible development of electronic cash merits special attention from central banks for at least three reasons. First, central banks are concerned that the introduction of the new payment instrument should have no adverse effect on public confidence in the payment system and payment media. Second, although the substitution of electronic cash for other forms of money should not theoretically hamper central bank's ability to control the money supply, it might, however, have practial implications, at least in the long run, which need to be carefully examined. Third, because electronic cash may be used for payments of very small value, they have the potential, more than any other cashless instrument, to take over the role of notes and coins in the economy and, therefore, have implications for central bank's activities and revenues.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.45-67
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• 2015

Many countries have implemented EA as a core tool for planning and managing IT resources. Due to its importance, there have been many studies for the successful implementation of EA. However because most previous studies simply focused on either a certain time horizon as a cross sectional study or a list of success factors, they failed to raise fundamental issues investigating inherent difficulties or efforts to overcome. This research conducted a case study based on interviews with EA experts and derived five practical guidelines for the successful EA implementation. Simultaneously we propose a future research model for an empirical validation based on current findings.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.12 no.10
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• pp.4995-5014
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• 2018

As the area covered by the CPS grows wider, agencies such as public institutions and critical infrastructure are collectively measuring and evaluating information security capabilities. Currently, these methods of measuring information security are a concrete method of recommendation in related standards. However, the security controls used in these methods are lacking in connectivity, causing silo effect. In order to solve this problem, there has been an attempt to study the information security management system in terms of maturity. However, to the best of our knowledge, no research has considered the specific definitions of each level that measures organizational security maturity or specific methods and criteria for constructing such levels. This study developed an information security maturity model that can measure and manage the information security capability of critical infrastructure based on information provided by an expert critical infrastructure information protection group. The proposed model is simulated using the thermal power sector in critical infrastructure of the Republic of Korea to confirm the possibility of its application to the field and derive core security processes and goals that constitute infrastructure security maturity. The findings will be useful for future research or practical application of infrastructure ISMSs.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.79-86
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• 2017

The purpose of this research is to examine reasons and evaluate strategies implemented by the Indian banking industry in tackling jay-customers in general and in light of the recent demonetization in particular. After a thorough germane literature and theoretical framework on jay-customers and Indian banking industry, researchers framed a well-structured questionnaire for collecting banking employees opinions along with a set of questions framed to conduct in-depth personal interviews with banking customers. The collected data were summarized, coded, and controlled by using Software R and the selected hypotheses were analyzed by the observance of percentile values. More than 90 percent of banking employees said lack of proper supply of cash from the Reserve Bank of India is the major reason for this kind of customer behaviour and shockingly 95 percent of banking customers expressed backdoor preference given by banking employees to some big customers is the major reason. The research confined only two state capitals Amaravati and Bangalore in India and covered only two largest banks one in public and private sector. The research provides useful insight into the crucial reasons for jay-customers' behaviour from the dyadic perspective of both employees and customers of the Indian banking industry.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2015

Time-loss injuries are still a major occurrence in Canada, injuring thousands of Canadian workers each year. With obesity rates on the rise across the country, as well as around the world, it is important that the possible effects of obesity in the workplace be fully understood, especially those effects linked to lost-time injuries. The aim of this paper was to evaluate predictors of workplace lost-time injuries and how they may be related to obesity or high body mass index by examining factors associated with lost-time injuries in the health care sector, a well-studied industry with the highest number of reported time loss injuries in Canada. A literature review focusing on lost-time injuries in Registered Nurses (RNs) was conducted using the keywords and terms: lost time injury, workers' compensation, occupational injury, workplace injury, injury, injuries, work, workplace, occupational, nurse, registered nurse, RN, health care, predictors, risk factors, risk, risks, cause, causes, obese, obesity, and body mass index. Data on predictors or factors associated with lost-time injuries in RNs were gathered and organized using Loisel's Work Disability Prevention Management Model and extrapolated upon using existing literature surrounding obesity in the Canadian workplace.

• Current Photovoltaic Research
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.124-132
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• 2018

The Korean electric power supply plan was prepared by greatly enhancing the environmental and safety with considering the economical efficiency of the electric equipment, the impact on the environment and the public safety. As a result, the fossil energy-based power generation sector is accelerating the paradigm shift to eco-friendly energy such as solar power and wind. Also the solar power industry is expected to grow into a super large-sized industry by converging the energy storage and electric vehicle industry. Generally, a levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) is used to calculate the power generation cost for different generation power generation efficiency, operating cost, and life span. In this paper, we have studied the future research and development direction of photovoltaic technology development for the era of massive utilization of photovoltaic solar power, and have studied the LCOE of major countries including China, USA, Germany, Japan and Korea. Finally we have reviewed USA and Japan research programs to reduce the LCOE.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.113-120
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• 2022

The goal of this study is to see if there's a relationship between employees' ambidextrous behaviors and macro facilitators of organizational empowerment (such as control over workplace decisions, dynamic structural framework, and fluidity in information sharing) (exploration and exploitation). To acquire data, this study uses survey methods. A cross-sectional survey was done to collect information from academics at five large public sector universities in Pakistan's Balochistan province. Control over workplace decisions boosts academics' engagement in exploration and exploitation, while a dynamic structural framework merely increases their engagement in exploration, according to the findings based on data from 240 respondents (n = 240). The findings also show that information sharing flexibility has little effect on exploration and exploitation behaviors. In conclusion, the results of this study imply that organizational empowerment is critical for academics' ambidextrous behaviors to thrive. As a result, specific organizational facilitators of empowerment (such as control over workplace decisions and a dynamic structural framework) are advised in higher education institutions. This research is significant because it develops and tests a model that explains hitherto unexplored connections between macro facilitators of organizational empowerment and employees' ambidextrous behaviors. In addition, the research provides important insights for managerial practice and research.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.19-29
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• 2023

Purpose: The hospitality sector is vital to economic development, especially in metropolitan regions, where hotels are a pivotal factor in drawing in leisure and corporate visitors. Despite the potential advantages of urban hotels, there is a gap in empirical studies on the impacts of eco-friendly interior design on hotel appeal and guest behavior. Therefore, this study aims to fill out the research gap. Research design, data and methodology: This study employed a review of the literature systematically as its research design. The study's data collection technique involves exploring peer-reviewed journals through electronic databases like Scopus, and Web of Science. The present author double-checked the quality of instrument for all usable dataset. Results: Prior literature has stated a strong linkage between green interior design in urban hotels and customer behavior and hotel attractiveness. Using environmentally conscious methods, hotels can enhance the quality of their indoor atmosphere, preserve energy and water supplies, and establish a favorable public perception that appeals to environmentally aware consumers, thereby improving their overall experience and contentment. Conclusions: This study concludes that creating indoor spaces with environmental factors in mind could lead to a more enjoyable and beneficial atmosphere for hotel visitors and adopting a sustainability-oriented approach to hotel design and operations could attract potential customers.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.1-32
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• 2018

This study has been motivated by the awareness that studies on science and technology policy do not have an independent academic identity in Korea as of 2017. This research has been analyzed 19 books that have covered science and technology policy published in Korea and explored whether those have a definition of discipline and core research scope which are the key elements forming academic paradigm. As a result, this study concludes provisionally that studies on science and technology policy in Korea are still at a stage that has not yet formed a paradigm. Therefore, this work newly proposes the definition of discipline and research scope necessary to complete the paradigm of studies on science and technology policy based on this conclusion. This paper has firstly defined that studies on science and technology policy are the policy-oriented discipline. It is (1) promoting the development of science and technology itself by studying and analyzing the various phenomena of politics, economy, society, and culture related to science and technology activities as well as science and technology and (2) makes the national and public sector improve problem-solving competence using science and technology. This work also proposes a research scope consisting of four research areas such as (1) policy process of science and technology, (2) public management of science and technology, (3) R&D management and (4) technology innovation. 'Policy process of science and technology' and 'public management of science and technology' among four research areas are the new research ones reflecting the definition of studies on science and technology policy proposed in this paper. Additionally 'R&D management' and 'technology innovation' are the traditional research areas which have also included existing researches regarding science and technology policy.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.101-110
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• 2014

This study analyzes the validity of the type classification of the type and design changes of apartment landscaping planting construction design changes that were completed in the private sector, efficiently manages the design changes that are displayed over landscaping planting work in general in the future, and performs research by placing the object underlying the presentation. The results are as follows. First, the percentage that occurred in the planting construction of design changes that have occurred in the apartment landscaping construction was carried out in the private sector and accounted for 61.8%. This indicates that part of the planting is a major design change. Second, as the cause of such a design change to be those associated with the field conditions such as lack of main construction period. In particular, due to a change in oral, appeared 7-48 times design changes of one review design change approval is complex, design changes of planting construction had shown a feature that occurs in multiple simultaneous. Third, the 7 types of Design Changes in planting design were delineated as 'design changes for consideration of the user', 'design changes for image improvement', 'design changes for ease of maintenance', 'design changes due to the mismatch of design statement', 'design changes due to the relationship with the engineering species of other', 'design changes due to lack of field study', and 'design changes due to the consideration of feasibility.' Fourth, 'design changes for consideration of the user' and 'design changes for image improvement' were found in more than half of the frequency of the overall changes. This differed from the results shown in public corporations. Fifth, if planting construction design change process, private companies, it was found that is showing the approval of the practice after the previous construction of the construction cost savings due to construction time. However, in the case of a public corporation, these exhibited a different aspect from the private sector and show a design change procedure that reflects the changes after the design change events in the field have occurred. The above results, the type of landscaping works in planting design change of public enterprises, regardless of the private sector, is the same in the seven types, the main reason of and procedures for design changes, indicating that there are other respects. In design change, it may be desirable to apply becomes liquidity rationality and efficiency of the dimension, depending on the nature of the landscape construction.