• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.161-170
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• 2019

다품종 대량 생산 중소기업 공장에서는 제품의 종류가 다양하고 그 수량이 많기 때문에 재고의 관리를 위한 인력과 경비가 낭비되고 있다. 또한 재고의 현황을 실시간으로 확인 할 방법이 마련 되있지 않아서 재고의 과적재, 과부족 현상으로 인한 경제적 피해를 받고 있다. 실시간 데이터 수집 환경을 구축하기 위한 많은 방안이 있지만 대부분 구축비용과 시간이 중소 중견기업이 감당하기 어려운 수준이다. 그렇기 때문에 중소 중견기업의 스마트 공장은 구현되기 어려운 현실을 마주하고 있으며, 적절한 대책을 찾기 힘든 실정이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 현재 생산품 관리 기술로 많이 채택되는 바코드, QR코드와 함께 라벨에 표기되어 있는 글자추출을 통해 기존 재고관리 방법의 확장에 대한 내용을 구현하고 그 효과를 평가하였다. 기술적으로는 컴퓨터 이미지 처리를 통해서 기존의 생산품의 입출고 관리를 위한 방법인 재고라벨 및 바코드에 대한 자동인식 및 분류를 하기 위한 OpenCV를 이용한 전처리, 구글 비젼 API의 OCR(Optical Character Recognition)기능을 통해서 글자를 추출하고, Zbar를 통해서 바코드를 인식할 수 있게 설계하였고, 값비싼 장비를 사용하지 않고 라즈베리파이를 통해 실시간 영상을 통한 인식으로 재고를 관리할 수 있는 방법을 제안한다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권8호
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• pp.1104-1111
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• 2019

Objective: The aim of this study was to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of G protein-coupled receptor 54 (GPR54) gene and explore association of this candidate gene with reproductive traits in Jiaxing Black sows. Methods: Six pairs of primers of the gene were designed to amplify all exons thus sequences of which were detected by means of direct sequencing and then SNP loci were scanned. The effects of SNPs on total number of piglets born (TNB), number of piglets born alive (NBA), number of still born piglets (NSB), and litter weight at birth (LWB) of Jiaxing Black sows were analyzed. Results: Three SNP loci, including T3739C, C3878T and T6789C, were identified via comparison of sequencing and two genotypes (AB, BB) at each SNP site were observed. T3739C resulted in the change of amino acid ($Leu{\rightarrow}Pro$) in corresponding protein, and C3878T resulted in synonymous mutation ($Ile{\rightarrow}Ile$). Statistical results demonstrated that allele B was the preponderant allele at the three SNP loci and Genotype BB was the preponderant genotype. Meanwhile, Chi-Square test of these three SNPs indicated that all mutation sites fitted in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p>0.05). For GPR54-T3739C locus, Jiaxing Black sows with genotype BB had 1.23 TNB and 1.28 NBA (p<0.01) that were more than those with genotype AB, respectively. Jiaxing Black sows that had the first two parities with genotype BB had additional 2.23 TNB, 2.27 NBA (p<0.01), and 1.94 LWB (p<0.05) compared to those with genotype AB, respectively. However, for other two loci, no significant difference was found between TNB, NBA, NSB, and LWB, and different genotypes of Jiaxing Black sows. Conclusion: In conclusion, the polymorphisms of GPR54-T3739C locus were significantly associated to TNB, NBA, and LWB and could be used as a potential genetic marker to improve reproductive function of Jiaxing black sows.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.792-799
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• 2019

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate whether the co-injection of antioxidants together with foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccination has the potential to attenuate the negative effects caused by vaccination in Holstein finishing steers. Methods: A total of 36 finishing Holstein steers (body weight [BW]: $608{\pm}45.6kg$, 17 months old) were randomly allocated to one of three treatments: i) control (CON, only FMD vaccination without any co-injection), ii) co-injection of commercial non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) with FMD vaccination at a ratio of 10:1 (NSAID vol/FMD vaccine vol) as a positive control (PCON), iii) co-injection of commercial mixture of vitamin E and selenium with FMD vaccination (VITESEL) (1 mL of FMD vaccine+1 mL of antioxidants per 90 kg of BW). Changes in growth performance and blood parameters because of treatments were determined. Results: No significant difference in BW, average daily gain, and dry matter intake of the steers was observed among the treatments. The FMD vaccination significantly increased white blood cells (WBC), neutrophils, platelets, and mean platelet volume (p<0.01) in blood analysis. The count of lymphocyte tended to increase after vaccination (p = 0.08). In blood analysis, steers in VITESEL tended to have higher numbers of WBC, neutrophils, and platelets compared to that of other treatments (p = 0.09, 0.06, and 0.09, respectively). Eosinophils in VITESEL were higher than those in PCON (p<0.01). Among blood metabolites, blood urea nitrogen and aspartate transaminase were significantly increased, but cholesterol, alanine transferase, inorganic phosphorus, Mg, and albumin were decreased after FMD vaccination (p<0.01). Conclusion: The use of antioxidants in FMD vaccination did not attenuate growth disturbance because of FMD vaccination. The metabolic changes induced by vaccination were not controlled by the administration of antioxidants. The protective function of antioxidants was effective mainly on the cell counts of leukocytes.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제53권5호
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• pp.553-560
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• 2021

본 연구에서는 저온진공조건에서 추출 시간과 농도에 따른 녹차 열수추출조건을 최적화한 후 HP-20 column으로 caffeine을 제거한 녹차 추출물을 이용해 theanine 함유 기능성 젤리를 제조하였다. 또한, theanine 함유 젤리의 품질 특성, 제형안정성 및 항산화 효과, AChE 억제능을 조사하였다. 최적추출조건은 8% 녹차 분말을 2시간 추출하여 theanine 0.95 mg/mL, GABA 0.28 mg/mL, caffeine 1.45 mg/mL 추출액을 HP-20 column을 이용해 80% 에탄올로 카페인을 제거하였다. 3종의 겔화제와 농도별로 4종의 theanine 추출물 S1-S4(10-50%)을 제조해 품질 특성을 조사한 결과, 젤리에 theanine 추출물이 많을수록 L값과 b값이 증가하였다. 젤리의 물리적 특성을 조사한 결과, 3가지 겔화제 중 타마린드검, 잔탄검, 로거스트콩검(2:3:5=w/w/w)을 조합한 겔화제 III이 경도와 점착성이 낮고 탄력성이 높아 조직감이 가장 뛰어났다. 제형안정성 조사 시, 35%가 첨가된 S3가 이수율 25.88%과 붕괴율 1.31%로 우수한 제형안정성을 나타냈다. 또한 theanine 함유 젤리는 95℃, 30분간 가열조건에도 theanine과 GABA 성분이 파괴되지 않고 대부분 잔존하는 것을 TLC와 LC-MS 분석을 통해 확인했다. Theanine 추출물의 농도가 높을수록 DPPH radical 소거능은 증가하며, S4(50%)는 0.075 mg/mL ascorbic acid 수준과 유사한 항산화력을 나타냈다. AChE 저해 효과는 S3(35%)가 가장 높았으며 이는 donepezil 2.5 μM과 동일한 수준의 AChE 저해 활성을 나타냈다. 따라서 본 연구는 녹차 추출물에서 caffeine을 제거한 theanine 추출물로 기능성 젤리를 제조하였으며 품질 특성을 조사하였다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.459-466
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• 2021

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its complications are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. Because of the side effects and incomplete recovery from current therapy, stem cell therapy emerges as a potential therapy for CVD treatment, and endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) is one of the key stem cells used for therapeutic applications. The effect of this therapy required the expansion of EPC function. To enhance the EPC activation, proliferation, and angiogenesis using dronedarone hydrochloride (DH) is the purpose of this study. DH received approval for atrial fibrillation treatment and its cardiovascular protective effects were already reported. In this study, DH significantly increased EPC proliferation, tube formation, migration, and maintained EPCs surface marker expression. In addition, DH treatment up-regulated the phosphorylation of AKT and reduced the reactive oxygen species production. In summary, the cell priming by DH considerably improved the functional activity of EPCs, and the use of which might be a novel strategy for CVD treatment.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제31권8호
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• pp.745-754
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• 2021

면역 기능의 저하는 각종 감염에 대한 저항력의 부족을 초래하여 다양한 질병 유발에 기여하며, 면역 억제제의 부작용을 감소시키거나 면역력을 높이기 위해 면역 조절 생체 물질이 사용되고 있다. 침향은 침향나무의 방향족수지 부분이며 전통적으로 다양한 질병을 치료하기 위한 목적으로 사용되어왔다. 비록 선행 연구들에 의하여 침향이 신체의 면역력을 향상시킬 수 있다는 사실이 밝혀졌지만 이에 대한 근거는 여전히 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 인도네시아에서 구입한 A. malaccensisd 침향 메탄올 추출물의 면역 자극 효과를 RAW 264.7 대식세포 모델에서 평가하였다. 본 연구의 결과에 의하면 침향 추출물은 세포 독성이 없는 조건에서 식작용을 현저하게 향상시켰으며다. 또한 침향 추출물 처리된 RAW 264.7 세포는 활성화된 대식세포의 전형적인 형태를 보였으며, iNOS 발현 증가에 따른 NO 생성의 생성을 크게 증가시켰다. 아울러 TNF-α, IL-1β 및 IL-6과 같은 cytokine의 발현과 분비를 증가시켰으며, MAPKs 신호 전달 경로를 활성화시켰다. 따라서 본 연구의 결과는 고대 서적을 기반으로 침향의 효과를 확인하는 데 중요한 의미가 있으며, 침향이 잠재적인 면역 강화 효과가 있다는 근거를 제시하는 것이다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제31권8호
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• pp.736-744
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• 2021

강화사자발쑥(Artemisia princeps Pampanini)은 항산화, 항염증 및 항균제와 같은 면역 기능 관련 질병에 널리 사용되는 약초이다. 이 연구에서 우리는 RAW 264.7 세포에서 AP 추출물의 항염증 효과를 조사하고 관련 메커니즘을 평가하였다. AP 추출물의 효과는 complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) 유도 관절염 및 lipopolysaccharide(LPS) 유도 마우스 모델에서도 평가되었다. RAW 264.7 세포에서 AP 추출물은 LPS에 의해 유도 된 산화질소(NO) 생성과 inducible NO synthase 및 cyclooxygenase-2 단백질 발현을 현저하게 억제했다. RAW 264.7 세포에서 LPS로 유도된 mitogen-activated protein kinase 와 nuclear factor-κB의 인산화 또한 AP 추출물에 의해 유의하게 억제되었다. AP 추출물의 경구 투여는 CFA 처리 마우스 그룹에 비해 발의 부종 및 비장 지수 증가를 억제하였다. 조직학적으로 CFA 처리 마우스 군에서는 cartilage와 synovium에서 염증 세포의 침윤이 증가한 반면 AP 추출물 투여군에서는 억제되었다. 더욱이, AP 추출물은 염증성 사이토카인으로 알려진 tumor necrosis factor-α 수준을 CFA 및 LPS 처리 마우스 모델에서 현저하게 감소시켰다. 결론적으로, AP 추출물의 항염증 및 항 관절염 효과는 in vitro 및 in vivo 모델 모두에서 확인되었으며, 이는 Artemisia princeps Pampanini가 관절염 치료의 후보 물질이 될 수 있음을 시사한다.

• 교육시설 논문지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.3-10
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• 2019

In school facilities, space is the basic framework. The structure and arrangement of space will provide the form and feel of school facilities. In order to become a high-quality school facility, it is necessary to focus on the educational, human and ecological aspects of the instructor and learner until the space is conceived, designed and completed. However, even when public education was introduced in the past, it did not become a school space considering this aspect. The school space, which focuses on efficiency and labor production, is a school space that reflects the characteristics of a factory-type school, which has been occupied by a large number until recently. Although efforts to improve the quality of school facilities have been attempted in recent years, there is also a need to pursue more active changes. Future-oriented and progressive school spaces include flexibility, connectivity, individualization, diversity(creativity). In other words, space should be flexible so that it can be used faithfully according to the educational situation, not the fixed and limited school space as in the past. In the future, the school space should be open and securely linked to the place where it is essential to complete community relations with the community. In addition, space should be flexible so that the school can meet the needs of each student as much as possible. And the school space should be transformed from the space design of the past fixed pattern to reflect the close relationship between spatial, psychological, physiological, and behavioral areas. When school space needs to shift away from the past and change in a new future-oriented direction, the remaining tasks should be presented with specific characteristics and content of the direction. And the function of the consignment should be handled by related research. Although the text of this study reveals the characteristics of future-oriented school space, more concrete and empirical research results should be presented by subsequent research at home and abroad. It is necessary to reduce trial and error in creating a future-oriented school space where both professors and learners can be satisfied by analyzing the common points and differences between the results of the study. In order to do this, it is necessary to make efforts to approach such research based on the participation of the subjects who teach and learn directly at the school site.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권12호
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• pp.1942-1949
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• 2019

Objective: Leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin 2 (LECT2) is associated with several physiological processes including inflammation, tumorigenesis, and natural killer T cell generation. Chicken LECT2 (chLECT2) gene was originally identified as one of the differentially expressed genes in chicken kidney tissue, where the chickens were fed with different calcium doses. In this study, the molecular characteristics and gene expression of chLECT2 were analyzed under the stimulation of toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) ligand to understand the involvement of chLECT2 expression in chicken metabolic disorders. Methods: Amino acid sequence of LECT2 proteins from various species including fowl, fish, and mammal were retrieved from the Ensembl database and subjected to Insilco analyses. In addition, the time- and dose-dependent expression of chLECT2 was examined in DF-1 cells which were stimulated with polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly [I:C]), a TLR3 ligand. Further, to explore the transcription factors required for the transcription of chLECT2, DF-1 cells were treated with poly (I:C) in the presence or absence of the nuclear factor ${\kappa}B$ ($NF{\kappa}B$) and activated protein 1 (AP-1) inhibitors. Results: The amino acid sequence prediction of chLECT2 protein revealed that along with duck LECT2 (duLECT2), it has unique signal peptide different from other vertebrate orthologs, and only chLECT2 and duLECT2 have an additional 157 and 161 amino acids on their carboxyl terminus, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that chLECT2 is evolved from a common ancestor along with the actinopterygii hence, more closely related than to the mammals. Our quantitative polymerase chain reaction results showed that, the expression of chLECT2 was up-regulated significantly in DF-1 cells under the stimulation of poly (I:C) (p<0.05). However, in the presence of $NF{\kappa}B$ or AP-1 inhibitors, the expression of chLECT2 is suppressed suggesting that both $NF{\kappa}B$ and AP-1 transcription factors are required for the induction of chLECT2 expression. Conclusion: The present results suggest that chLECT2 gene might be a target gene of TLR3 signaling. For the future, the expression pattern or molecular mechanism of chLECT2 under stimulation of other innate immune receptors shall be studied. The protein function of chLECT2 will be more clearly understood if further investigation about the mechanism of LECT2 in TLR pathways is conducted.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.276-284
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• 2021

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine whether a dietary vitamin E (VE) supplement could alleviate any detrimental effects of aged corn on lipid metabolism and antioxidant status in laying hens. Methods: The experiment consisted of a 2×3 factorial design with two corn types (normal corn and aged corn (stored for 4 yr) and three concentrations of VE (0, 20, and 100 IU/kg). A total of 216 Lohmann laying hens (50 wk of age) were randomly allocated into six treatment diets for 12 wk. Each treatment had 6 replicates of 6 hens per replicate. Results: The results show that aged corn significantly decreased the content of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p<0.05), and reduced chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1) mRNA expression (p<0.05) in the liver compared to controls. Diet with VE did not alter the content of crude fat and cholesterol (p>0.05), or acetyl-CoA carboxylase, lipoprotein lipase, fatty acid synthase or CMKLR1 mRNA expression (p>0.05) in the liver among treatment groups. Aged corn significantly increased the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) (p<0.05) and decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (p<0.05) in the liver. The VE increased the content of MDA (p<0.05) but decreased glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in serum (p<0.01) and in the ovaries (p<0.05). Adding VE at 20 and 100 IU/kg significantly increased GSH-Px activity (p<0.05) in liver and in serum (p<0.01), 100 IU/kg VE significantly increased SOD activity (p<0.05) in serum. Aged corn had no significant effects on GSH-Px mRNA or SOD mRNA expression (p<0.01) in the liver and ovaries. Addition of 100 IU/kg VE could significantly increase SOD mRNA expression (p<0.01) in the liver and ovary. Conclusion: Aged corn affected lipid metabolism and decreased the antioxidant function of laying hens. Dietary VE supplementation was unable to counteract the negative effects of aged corn on lipid metabolism. However, addition of 100 IU/kg VE prevented aged corninduced lipid peroxidation in the organs of laying hens.