• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 1989

The purpose of this study was to identify the problems in the consumption life of household over the family life cycle so that they would support to select the consumer education subjects and the establish the long-term household plan. For these purposes, a survey was conducted using questionnaire. The data used in this study included 562 homemakers living in Seoul. Statistics used for data analysis were frequency distribution, Mean, Percentile, One-way Anova, Scheffie-test, Multiple Classification Analysis. Major findings were as follows; 1) In the level of the problems in the consumption life of household, housing problem, durable goods problem, healthy-medical problem and child education problem area were in the low level. Leisure problem and properties management problem area were in the high level. 2) The problems in the consumption life of household differed significantly over the family life cycle. 3) When controlling family monthly income and education level of husband was compared with not-controlling them, the influences of family life cycle on the problems in the consumption life were as follows. (1)At housing problem area, the effect of the FLC was higher in controlling them than not-controlling them. (2) At other problems the effects of the FLC was lower or same in controlling them than not-controlling them.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.26-33
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• 2016

A camp program where the theory of inventive problem solving TRIZ is applied to real problems of the industry was developed and taught at a five-day seminar apart from the standard curriculum at a university D in Gyeonggido. This study focuses on the educational effect that the TRIZ method has on the engineering students when their creative problem solving skills are required to solve industry problems on their own with the knowledge from their courses. For five days, the students were educated about TRIZ and assigned a real industry problem "Removal of friction caused by bubble formation in water heating pipelines". By applying TRIZ to the problem, the students developed an "Air removing Air Arrester" which received the evaluation, "with understanding the system architecture and the task objective causes and formation of the problem could be handled which directly helps the company's R&D". In this case, TRIZ offers the students a guideline and knowledge on how to approach problems and as a result the students provided a practical solution. During the process, the TRIZ method instilled confidence in the students and proved to be a motivation. It becomes obvious that this short-term program has a positive effect on students' way of thinking creatively and increasing their problem-solving abilities.

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.33-41
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• 2022

Quite often we have a lot of measurement data and would like to find some relation between them. One common task is to see whether some measured data or a curve of known shape fit into the cumulative measured data. The problem can be visualized since data could generally be presented as curves or planes in Cartesian coordinates where each curve could be represented as a vector. In most cases we have measured the cumulative 'curve', we know shapes of other 'curves' and would like to determine unknown coefficients that multiply the known shapes in order to match the measured cumulative 'curve'. This problem could be presented in more complex variants, e.g., a constant could be added, some missing (unknown) data vector could be added to the measured summary vector, and instead of constant factors we could have polynomials, etc. All of them could be solved with slightly extended version of the procedure presented in the sequel. Solution procedure could be devised by reformulating the problem as a measurement problem and applying the generalized inverse of the measurement matrix. Measurement problem often has some errors involved in the measurement data but the least squares method that is comprised in the formulation quite successfully addresses the problem. Numerical examples illustrate the solution procedure.

• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.147-155
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• 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the relationships between self-efficacy, communication ability, and problem-solving ability in nursing students, and explore the mediating effects of communication ability on self-efficacy and problem-solving ability. Methods: This study targeted 181 third- and fourth- year nursing students. Data were collected from May 20-25, 2024, and analyzed using SPSS software (version 29.0), employing descriptive statistics, t-tests, analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis. Sobel test was used to determine the statistical significance of the mediating effects of communication ability. Results: Nursing students' problem-solving abilities were significantly and positively correlated with self-efficacy (r=.35, p<.001) and communication skills (r=.33, p<.001). Self-efficacy was significantly and positively correlated with communication skills (r=.56, p<.001). Communication skills had a partial mediating effect on the relationship between self-efficacy and problem-solving ability (Z=4.24, p<.001), explaining 51% of the variance. Conclusion: These results can be used to develop a curriculum and intervention programs to enhance the self-efficacy and communication skills and improve the problem-solving abilities of nursing students.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.29-44
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• 2013

This study suggests that as receiving feedback is moved back, the effectiveness of problem-solving increases. Utilizing data from innovation contests in which a number of problem solvers compete with each other, we answer questions such as whether the order of receiving first feedback affects problem-solving effectiveness and how problem-solving experience moderates the relationship between the first feedback order and problem-solving effectiveness. Empirical results based on data collected from Kaggle, an online platform for innovation contests, showed that the order that contest participants receive the first feedback increases problem-solving effectiveness. Furthermore, the more prior experience of contest participants accentuates the suggested relationship between the order of receiving the first feedback and problem-solving effectiveness.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.101-113
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• 1995

The past three decades have witnessed a tremendous growth is the literature on location proble. A mathematical formulation of uncapacitated plant location problem and the k-median as an integer program has proven very fruitful in the derivation of solution methods. Most of the successful algorithms for the problem are based on so-called "strong" linear programming relaxation. This is due to the fact that the strong linear programming relaxation provides a tight lower bound. In this paper we investigate the phenomenon with a structural analysis of the problem.e problem.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.24 no.1_2
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• pp.141-154
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• 2007

The connectivity problem is a fundamental problem in graph theory. The best known algorithm to solve the connectivity problem on general graphs with n vertices and m edges takes $O(K(G)mn^{1.5})$ time, where K(G) is the vertex connectivity of G. In this paper, an efficient algorithm is designed to solve vertex connectivity problem, which takes $O(n^2)$ time and O(n) space for a trapezoid graph.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.1001-1016
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• 2019

We are concerned with optimization methods for the $L^2$-Wasserstein least squares problem of Gaussian measures (alternatively the n-coupling problem). Based on its equivalent form on the convex cone of positive definite matrices of fixed size and the strict convexity of the variance function, we are able to present an implementable (accelerated) gradient method for finding the unique minimizer. Its global convergence rate analysis is provided according to the derived upper bound of Lipschitz constants of the gradient function.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.160-168
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• 2019

This study was conducted in order to suggest directions for nursing intervention and education to prevent problem drinking of adolescents. We examine the influences of mental health characteristics of adolescents on problem drinking. For the research method, this study conducts secondary analysis using raw data from the 13th (2017) Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey. A total of 9,597 cases, excluding adolescents without drinking experience, were used for the final analysis. For the data analysis, the SPSS Win 23.0 program was used, and frequency analysis, ${\chi}^2$-test, and logistic regression analysis were conducted. Research results found general characteristics, school, school record, living type, father's education, and economic state were influencing factors on problem drinking. Regarding characteristics of mental health, depression (95% CI:1.578~1.930, p<.001), subjective happiness (95% CI:1.039~1.491, p=.002), suicidal ideation (95% CI:1.110~1.426, p<.001), and sufficiency of sleep (95% CI:1.085~1.399, p=.001) were primary factors affecting adolescents' problem drinking. Therefore, when conducting education for preventing problem drinking or nursing intervention programs targeting adolescents, it is necessary to provide methods offering experts' in-depth consultation with the consideration of characteristics of mental health of participants. Future research should conduct qualitative studies through in-depth interviews for reviewing problem drinking and identifying characteristics of adolescents. This study provides guidelines for nurses working with problem drinking adolescents in clinical settings and communities.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.484-494
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to verify the direct influences of the risk factors of the family environment on the problem behaviors of early adolescents, and the indirect influences of the same by the mediation of ego resilience. Method: After random extraction of five elementary schools located in D metropolitan city, we conducted a survey of 5th and 6th-grade male and female students. For the analysis, we used data from the questionnaire results of 450 students. For the data analysis, we performed t-test of independent samples, one-way ANOVA, path analysis and Sobel test, utilizing SPSS/WIN 19.0 program. Result: The direct influence of the risk factors of the family environment on the problem behaviors of the early adolescents was 0.447, while the indirect influence by the mediation of ego resilience was 0.146. Conclusion: It was found that the risk factors of the family environment not only exert direct influences on the problem behaviors of early adolescents, they also have indirect influences on the problem behaviors of early adolescents by way of the mediation of ego resilience.