• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.28-36
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• 2011

Most statistical methods for finding interesting genes are focusing on the summary values with large fold-changes or large variations. Very few methods consider the probe level data. We developed a new measure to detect reliability that incorporates the probe level data. This reliability measure is useful for exploring the microarray data without ignoring the probe level data. It is easy to calculate, and it can be used for all the other statistical methods as a good guideline to find real differentially expressed genes. Instead of filtering out genes before the analysis, we use whole genes in the analysis and make decisions with new reliability measures.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.15-19
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• 2001

Current leakage is the major failure mode of semiconductor device characteristic failures. Conventionally, failures such as short circuit breaks and gate breakdowns have been analyzed and the detected causes have been reflected in the fabrication process. By using a wafer-level emission-leakage failure analysis method (in-line QC), we analyzed leakage mode failure, which is the major failure detected during the probe inspection process for LSIs, typically DRAMs and CMOS logic LSIs. We have thus developed a new technique that copes with the critical structural failures and random failures that directly affect probe yields.

• Atmosphere
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.185-196
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• 2011

The performance assessment in radiosonde observation on the special observation program (ProbeX-2009) is performed and the characteristics of precipitation using Auto Weather System (AWS) and radiosonde data in 2009 at the Ulleungdo are investigated. The launching time, observation time, and maximum altitude of radiosonde are satisfied with the regulation from Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) and World Meteorological Organization (WMO) but the duration of observational time of radiosonde is much shorter than that of the ProbeX-2007 because the altitude of launching site is higher than others in 2007. From the analysis of trajectories of radiosonde, most radiosondes at the Ulleungdo tend to move into the east because the westerly prevail at the middle latitude. However, when the Okhotsk high is expanded to the Korean peninsula and the north-westerly winds strengthen over the East Sea as the subtropical high is retreated, radiosonde tends to move into the south-west and south-east, respectively. Maximum distance appears at the end of observation level before May but the level of maximum distance is changed into 100 hPa after June because the prevailing wind direction is reversed from westerly to easterly at the stratosphere during summer time. The condition of precipitation was more correlated with the dynamic instability except Changma season. Precipitation in 2009 at the Ulleungdo occurred under the marine climate so that total precipitation amounts and precipitation intensity were increased and intensified during nighttime. The local environment favorable for the precipitation during nighttime was while the wind speed at the surface and the inflow from the shoreline were strengthened. Precipitation events also affected by synoptic condition but the localized effect induced by topography was more strengthened at the northern part of Ulleungdo.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.33-40
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• 2010

In this paper, we consider three macroscopic traffic flow monitoring indices, Travel Time Index(TTI), Acceleration Noise(AN) and Two Fluid(TF) and investigate how to determine a proper rate of probe cars for producing reliable values of these indices. For the analysis, we use classical sampling theories and provide numbers of probe rates using simulation data.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.38 no.12
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• pp.1240-1246
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• 2010

Enthalpy probe with the inner and outer diameters of 1.5 mm and 4.8 mm, respectively, is designed and used to measure the temperatures and velocities along the centerline of Ar arc plasma flow until the probe was destroyed. For this purpose, Ar arc plasma flow is generated by non-transferred type DC arc heater with the power level of 17 kW. From this experiment, it is shown that the designed enthalpy probe can measure the temperature and velocity of arc plasma flow up to 12,000 K and 600 m/s, respectively, without destroy of probe tip. In this extreme case, the arc plasma flow is calculated to transfer the heat flux of ${\sim}5{\times}10^7\;W/m^2$ to the probe based on the heat and thermal boundary equations near the forward stagnation point of a body immersed in arc plasma flow. Consequently, the designed enthalpy probe can measure the wide ranges of plasma temperatures, velocities and concentrations simultaneously, which are generated by various types of arc heaters within the heat flux ranges of $0{\sim}5{\times}10^7\;W/m^2$ on the probe tip.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.804-811
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• 1997

In the CDMA mobile communication system, reverse power control can be used to minimize the interference level for a good quality of the voice channel, and used to maxmize the system capacity. In this paper, we have analyed the environment of the K-parameter and the access procedure for the mobile station, and proposed a new algorithm for the access probe procedure of the station. K-parameter is determined according to the environment of the base station and access probe can adaptively control the power according to the position changes of the mobile station or the rapid and various state changes of the channel. Simulation results in the limited test environment show that it can increase the system capacity and decrease the power comsumption of the mobile station while maintaining the good and stable quality of the voice channel.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bioinformatics Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.107-116
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• 2004

The advent of microarray technologies gives an opportunity to moni tor the expression of ten thousands of genes, simultaneously. Such microarray data can be deteriorated by experimental errors and image artifacts, which generate non-negligible outliers that are estimated by 15% of typical microarray data. Thus, it is an important issue to detect and correct the se faulty probes prior to high-level data analysis such as classification or clustering. In this paper, we propose a systematic procedure for the detection of faulty probes and its proper correction in Genechip array based on multivariate statistical approaches. Principal component analysis (PCA), one of the most widely used multivariate statistical approaches, has been applied to construct a statistical correlation model with 20 pairs of probes for each gene. And, the faulty probes are identified by inspecting the squared prediction error (SPE) of each probe from the PCA model. Then, the outlying probes are reconstructed by the iterative optimization approach minimizing SPE. We used the public data presented from the gene chip project of human fibroblast cell. Through the application study, the proposed approach showed good performance for probe correction without removing faulty probes, which may be desirable in the viewpoint of the maximum use of data information.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.235-239
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• 2006

ZnO-doped near-stoichiometric $LiNbO_3$ single crystals of $0.8{\sim}1.0mm$ diameter and $30{\sim}35mm$ length were grown by the micro-pulling down (U-PD) method. The structure of the grown crystals was confirmed by powder x-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns. Electron probe micro analysis (EPMA) showed that Zn ions were homogeneously incorporated In grown crystals. The threshold in ZnO doping level was confirmed that an abrupt change in the features of $OH^-$ absorption band as doping level reaching about 2 mol%.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.16-27
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• 2022

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to analyze educational effect of ultrasound examination training with ultrasonic phantom in the department of Korean Medicine Obstetrics and Gynecology. Methods: All 4^th grade students in 2021 and 2022 of school of Korean Medicine, Dong-Shin University must be trained in the department of Korean Medicine Obstetrics and Gynecology according to ultrasound examination training guideline including Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE). After completing ultrasound examination training, we distributed questionnaires to them about a confidence before OSCE and after OSCE, difficulty in using ultrasound, ultrasound reading, difficulty with probe manipulation and computer operation, ultrasound understanding, clinical usefulness. And then, we analyzed the related factors including descriptive statistics, frequency analysis, student's t-test and paired t-test by SPSS 12.0. Results: Confidence in using ultrasound showed differences among students by gender and year, but it was not statistically significant. The difficulty of ultrasound use and ultrasound reading was at a moderate level, and the gender difference was not significant, and the difference between the practical students by year was statistically significant. The difficulty of the operation of the ultrasonic probe was at a normal level, and the difference between the students in practice by gender and year was not statistically significant. Although they answered that they had a very good understanding of the use of ultrasound, there was a gender difference and it was statistically significant, and practical students by year was not statistically significant. They answered that the effect on clinical use was very sufficient, but it was not statistically significant. The appropriateness of the practice time was evaluated at a moderate level. Conclusions: The use and educational effect of ultrasound examination using ultrasonic phantom in the department of Korean Medicine Obstetrics and Gynecology clinical practice education was very effective.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.5-13
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• 2001

The purpose of this paper is to present the pressuremeter test result and analysis for Yulchon Combined Cycle Power Plant(CCPP) site. The CCPP site is old backfill area with the hillcut materials obtained from the borrow sources near the mountains. The geology of this area consists of 6-layers from the ground level such as hillcut material, dredged clay fill, silty sand, original marine clay, weathered rock, soft rock, etc.. The pressuremeter test has been carried out with three different probe, in size and membrane type for all layers except the clay layers. The cone penetration test has been also carried out to collaborate with the pressuremeter test in the hillcut material layer.