• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.273-282
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was to evaluate the effects of smoking prevention education on primary school students. Method: This study used a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The subjects were 189 6th graders of two primary schools, of them, 97 were assigned to the experimental group and 92 were assigned to the control group. Smoking prevention education was applied in 7 sessions for 40 minutes every week. Survey was conducted before and one week after the smoking prevention education to examine student's knowledge of smoking, attitude, and smoking cessation intention. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and $x^2-test$, t-test using the SPSS Win 10.0 program. Results: After the completion of the smoking prevention education, there were significant differences between the experimental group and the control group in smoking knowledge (t=2.651, p=.009), but smoking attitude (t=-.492, p=.623) and smoking cessation intention (t=-.425, p=.671) were not statistically significant between the two groups. Conclusion: The smoking prevention education for primary school students increased their knowledge on smoking but didn't have any significant impact on changing their smoking attitude and smoking cessation intention. Further study on longitudinal effect is recommended and the smoking prevention education should be provided continuously at school.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.122-132
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of cooperative learner-centered methods of sex education. Methods: This study was carried out on 5th grade elementary school students in D-district. Nine classes were divided into 3 groups using each different teaching methods: group A (a cooperative learning), group B (a lecture) and group C (a control group for a comparison). The study period was from Oct. 17 to Dec. 2 in 2011. Both groups A and B received sex education lessons for 40 minutes for 4 weeks and were tested their sex knowledge and attitude to compare the differences. Results: The scores of sex knowledge for all three groups were increased and their sex attitude was increased as well. The points of sex knowledge between pre and post test in group A are greater than the group B's. Thus, the cooperative learning approach with Group A was more effective to improve student's sex knowledge. But the difference between the sex attitude scores was not statistically significant. Group A and B showed a positive improvement in both their sex knowledge and attitudes compared with the control group. Conclusion: This experiment shows that an active teaching methods is more effective to improve student sex knowledge than a passive approach. Thus, a cooperative learning method results in increases of both student's sex knowledge and interests in learning sex education. It needs to develop more diverse teaching methods and programs on sex education that are more systematic and tailored.

• Journal of forensic and investigative science
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.25-42
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• 2008

As the age of the sex crime perpetrators and victims is going down, the importance of Sex Assault Prevention Education (SAPE) is on the rise. In order to see how many students are aware of the SAPE which are currently being conducted in the local schools. A total of 600 students from five different primary schools in Kyongsan City area were questioned with the questionnaire. On the whole, the level of acknowledgement on the sexual assault is estimated as 20.52 out of total point 53.00. The point in each question is shown as low as follows; The notion of Sexual Assault (9.88 out of 19), recognition of Sexual Assault (5.45 out 11), way to cope with the sexual assault (6.60 out of 11), and knowledge on the symptom induced by the sexual assault (4.04 out of 12). The SAPE should be taught to the student from the young age frequently. The efficiency of SAPE will be increased by the health-care teachers who have the professional knowledge with the case studies and teaching materials like CD-ROMs. The health-care teachers as the SAPE lecturers require continuous training.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.58-68
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• 1993

This study was designed to grasp the knowledge and practice the level about visual impairment protective care of the primary school students and also analyse the state of visual impairment. The subjects of this study ware 347 students composed of 456 boys and 391 girls in primary school students. The data were collected by questionaire developed for the purpose of this study which has been made through studying references. These were carried out from the 10th to 30th of June 1992. Analysis of the data was done utilizing SPSS for percentage, mean, S.D., T-test., ANOVA and Pearson's Correlation Coefficient. The major results obtained from this study were as follows: 1. The level of the knowledge about visual impairment protective care was in intermediate range (mean on 20 point scale of 12.34, with O=definitely no), but low in aspects of preventive care for overwork of eye (mean on 5 point scale of 2.67). 2. The level of the practice about visual impairment protective care was intermediate range (mean on 20 point scale of 12.34, with O=definitely no), but low in aspects of preventive care for overwork of eye (mean on 5 point scale of 2.58). 3. Significant variables influencing knowledge of visual impairment protective care were sex (p<0.01) and grade (p<0.001). 4. Significant variables influencing practice of visual impairment protective care was living area (p<0.01). 5. Correlation between knowledge and practice: Those who have more knowledge score have more practice score (p<0.001). 6. vision impairment state 1) Student with subnormal in 0.9 or less were 26.3% in left eye and 28.4% in right eye. 2) Student with subnormal in 0.6 or less were 11.9% in left eye and 10.9% in right eye. 7. Vision impairment programs 1) Males are slightly higher in the degree of visual impairment than females. 2) Visual impairment were increased in accordance with the increase of grade. 3) Urban students are higher in the degree of visual impairment than rural students, but these seem to have no statistical meaning.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.113-126
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• 2011

Objectives : We supposed that identifying the influencing factors on DMFT index in the primary school children in Pocheon be indispensible for the primary school children's oral health program establishment in Pocheon. So, to prepare the basic materials for the primary school children's oral health program establishment in Pocheon, we analyzed the associated factors which could have an influence on the primary school children's DMFT index in Pocheon. Methods : We selected 3,676 primary school children in Pocheon, whose age were from 6 to 11, and surveyed those children by a questionnaire and the oral examination based on WHO's oral health survey method. Data were analyzed with a $x^2$-test and multiple regression analysis using SPSS $15.0^{(R)}$. Results : The results of oral survey in the primary school children in Pocheon revealed as follows: DMFT index, National Health Oral health survey of 2006 people nationwide in the results when compared to younger grade children and older grade in the low and the higher. Subjective oral health awareness, high of viscosity junk food snacks, fruit, gender, dental visits and humidity, oral health education classes, including the variable of attitude was 6(p<0.05). Their higher awareness of dental health, oral health education classes ever the more positive attitude to DMFT index was statistically significant(p<0.05). Solid in the habit of eating junk food snacks to the students of a liquid relative to student intake was higher DMFT index indices(p<0.05). Conclusions : We could reason that one's oral health recognition and behavior should have a relationship with his(her) DMFT index.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.140-147
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between primary dysmenorrhea. Methods: Intensity of dysmenorrhea was evaluated by scoring system of Andersch and Milsom. Anger state, trait, expression of the patients suffering from dysmenorrhea was measured by STAXI-K. And each value was analyzed by ANOVA testm as to intensity of dysmenorrhea, student t test as to existence of dysmenorrhea. Results: The numerical value of anger expression in the primary dysmenorrhea existent group was significantly higher than that in the primary dysmenorrhea non-existent group. There were significant differences among the numerical value of anger expression in the groups classified as intensity of primary dysmenorrhea, the value of three positive group() was significantly higher than that of negative group(-). Conclusion: This study showed the relationship between anger expression and primary dysmenorrhea. But there was no clue to find out their causal relationship, because this study was cross-sectional. So further study will be needed to prove the causality between them. And more precise scale has to been developed to evaluate various type of anger accurately.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.143-149
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• 2014

We study the level on the knowledge, attitudes, and practice of primary school (grades 3-6 students ) for the safe use of smart devices, and identify student status for the safe use of smart devices, and suggests ways of appropriate data collection, analyzing of data. Through this research, for the safe use of smart devices in education showed that the effect is very insignificant and the knowledge and practice of smart devices are widely recognized. We will suggests the suitable education contents for the smart devices safe use for primary school students. These education will be made up of 'smart devices safety using' and we will expect that primary students will be able to cultivate the 'smart devices security awareness'.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.533-544
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different types of leisure activities' on the satisfaction and psychological well-being of primary school students. The subjects of this study consisted of 467(boys=191, girls=276) primary school students. The data was analyzed by one way ANOVA, factor analysis, Chi-square analysis, correlation analysis and multi-regression analysis. The main findings of this were as follows: first, there were statistically significant differences in the kinds of activities participated in according to gender. Second, among of the subscale of leisure satisfaction, boys showed higher scores in more education and physical satisfaction than girls, and in the subscale of psychological well-being, boys indicated a higher score in flow and happiness than girls. Third, there were significant differences in leisure satisfaction and psychological well-being in the types of leisure activity. Fourth, the participation motivation of leisure activity statistically influenced psychological well-being. Fifth, leisure satisfaction partially influenced on psychological well-being. Social and environmental satisfaction significantly influenced flow. Education and social satisfaction significantly influenced happiness and psychological well-being.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.247-255
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• 2002

The importance of Information Technology practical use is embossed and grounding education for this was introduced from first-year student in primary school. This study is to design and implement new set of study program that can minimize individual variation in learning, analyzing the grounding education in Information and Communication. Herein basic stuff is selected for the lower grader at Elementary School and for the Courseware design, here introduced Perfect study strategy that makes use of the formative evaluation and feed back, aiming at perfect study. And also the diversified presentation of study materials with the use of multimedia can enhance the student's learning awareness. In faithful reflection of it, individual student's progress and interested in learning is incorporated into the designing the Courseware.

• Education of Primary School Mathematics
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• v.10 no.1 s.19
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• pp.15-28
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• 2007

From a social constructivists' perspective, knowledge is not transmitted by language but it is constructed by social interactions with others. That is, it is viewed in social constructivism that learning is a process in which knowledge is constructed by communicative interactions with more capable others. In this vein, a class might be analyzed and characterized in terms of interactional patterns of teacher-student and student-student in class. For this, a primary math class was selected and observed and it was analyzed by the Flanders category system to investigate the effects of the math teaching based on verbal interactions on the learning of math. The class was taught in a teacher-centered and direct way but in the class math knowledge was taught through univocal communications in the form of question-answer. The results of this study appeared to suggest that verbal interactional patterns should take place frequently in math teaching in the sequence of a teacher's questions$\to$students' extensive responses $\to$ positive feedback for the students' responses by the teacher $\to$ the acceptance of the students' responses $\to$ the teacher's explanation or students' questions. In other words, math might be taught more effectively through the verbal discourse patterns proposed in this study.