• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.61-68
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• 1985

This paper presents an optimization of distribution for flow & pressure using Primal method derived from network flow theory. The object of the distribution control in this study is press regulation and minimum cost flow. The flow and pressure equations are solved using Primal method.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.727-735
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• 2016

In this paper, we study and establish some interesting results of ideals in a poset. It is shown that for a nonzero ideal I of a poset P, there are at most two strongly prime ideals of P that are minimal over I. Also, we study the notion of primal ideals in a poset and the relationship among the primal ideals and strongly prime ideals is considered.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.21 no.45
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• pp.93-100
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• 1998

The researches of Linear Programming are Khachiyan Method, which uses Ellipsoid Method, and Karmarkar, Affine, Path-Following and Interior Point Method which have Polynomial-Time complexity. In this study, Karmarkar Method is more quickly solved as 50 times then Simplex Method for optimal solution. but some special problem is not solved by Karmarkar Method. As a result, the algorithm by APL Language is proved time efficiency and optimal solution in the Primal-Dual interior point algorithm. Furthermore Karmarkar Method and Primal-Dual interior point Method is compared in some examples.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.553-562
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• 2023

With an increase in meat consumption, the need to measure the weight of each primal cut of pork has increased. Recently, automation devices have been used to measure the weight of each primal cut of pork. The objective of this study was to investigate the accuracy of VCS2000, one of the non-invasive pig carcass analyzers. Production levels of 7 primal cuts of 50 pigs were measured with VCS2000. Average error rates between dissected value for each primal cut and VCS2000 measurement values of ham, shoulder picnic, belly, loin, and shoulder blade were around 5%. Average error rates for spare rib and tenderloin were about 10%. Correlation coefficients between the dissected value and the VCS2000 measured value for ham, shoulder picnic, loin, belly, and shoulder blade were high at 0.66-0.83. Correlation coefficients of spare rib and tenderloin were low at 0.35 and 0.47. Coefficient of determination of the VCS2000 measured value for each primal cut by regression analysis was 0.77 or more for ham, shoulder picnic, loin, and shoulder blade and 0.63 for belly. Coefficients of determination for spare rib and tenderloin were low at 0.40 and 0.27. In addition, the coefficient of determination of VCS2000 for each primal cut was higher than that of the dissected value for all primal cuts. In conclusion, pig carcass analysis using the VCS2000 has a high reliability for pork cuts with high production levels, but a relatively low reliability for pork cuts with low production levels and high fat levels.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.27 no.3_4
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• pp.567-579
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• 2009

Recently, Peng et al. proposed a primal-dual interior-point method with new search direction and self-regular proximity for LP. This new large-update method has the currently best theoretical performance with polynomial complexity of O($n^{\frac{q+1}{2q}}\;{\log}\;{\frac{n}{\varepsilon}}$). In this paper we use this search direction to propose a primal-dual interior-point method for convex quadratic programming (QP). We overcome the difficulty in analyzing the complexity of the primal-dual interior-point methods for convex quadratic programming, and obtain the same polynomial complexity of O($n^{\frac{q+1}{2q}}\;{\log}\;{\frac{n}{\varepsilon}}$) for convex quadratic programming.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.27-38
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• 1999

In this paper, Primal-Interior Dual-Simplex method(PIDS) and Dual-Interior Primal-Simplex method(DIPS) are developed for the general bounded linear programming. Two methods were implemented and compared with other pricing techniques for the Netlib. linear programming problems. For the PIDS, it shows superior performance to both most nagative rule and dual steepest-edge method since it practically reduces degenerate iterations and has property to reduce the problem. For the DIPS, pt requires less iterations and computational time than least reduced cost method. but it shows inferior performance to the dynamic primal steepest-edge method.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.64 no.1
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• pp.135-142
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• 2022

It is impossible to know the amount of pork primal cut by pig carcass grade which is determined only by carcass weight and backfat thickness in the Korean Pig Carcass System. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between the pig carcass grade and the amount of pork primal cut estimated with AutoFom III. A total of 419,321 Landrace, Yorkshire, and Duroc (LYD) pigs were graded with the Korean Pig Carcass Grade System. Amounts of belly, neck, loin, tenderloin, spare ribs, shoulder, and ham were estimated with AutoFom III. Regression equations for seven primal cuts according to each grade were derived. There were significant differences among the three carcass grades due to heteroscedasticity variance (p < 0.0001). Three regression equations were derived from AutoFom III estimation of primal cuts according to carcass grades. The coefficient of determination of the regression equation was 0.941 for grade 1⁺, 0.982 for grade 1, and 0.993 for grade 2. Regression equations obtained from this study are suitable for AutoFom III software, a useful tool for the analysis of each pig carcass grade in the Korean Pig Carcass Grade System. The high reliability of predicting the amount of primal cut with AutoFom III is advantageous for the management of slaughterhouses to optimize their product sorting in Korea.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.1655-1668
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• 2014

In this article, we propose and analyze a new nonconforming primal mixed finite element method for the stationary Stokes equations. The approximation is based on the pseudostress-velocity formulation. The incompressibility condition is used to eliminate the pressure variable in terms of trace-free pseudostress. The pressure is then computed from a simple post-processing technique. Unique solvability and optimal convergence are proved. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the performance of the method.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.343-347
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• 2010

In this paper we study the connection between 2-primal rings, (S,1)-rings and related conditions. And we investigate some condition which is the special case of pseudo symmetric. We also study the condition (KJ) which is given by J. Y. Kim and H. L. Jin. We introduce some condition and we prove that our condition is equivalent to the condition (KJ) when it is an (S,1)-ring.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.579-588
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• 1999

In this paper we study the connections between right quasi-duo rings and 2-primal rings, including several counterexamples for answers to some questions that occur naturally in the process. Actually we concern following three questions and modified ones: (1) Are right quasi-duo rings 2-primal$\ulcorner$, (2) Are formal power series rings over weakly right duo rings also weakly right duo\ulcorner and (3) Are 2-primal rings right quasi-duo\ulcorner Moreover we consider some conditions under which the answers of them may be affirmative, obtaining several results which are related to the questions.