• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제8권11호
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• pp.383-391
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• 2017

본 연구는 2003~2014년 기간 동안 원유, 동, 그리고 밀 선물시장에서 투기거래자들의 투자심리와 가격 움직임 간의 관계를 그랜저(Granger) 인과관계검정을 사용하여 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 대체적으로 각 선물시장에서 투기거래 포지션은 수익률을 예측하는데 도움이 되지 못했으며, 역으로 시장수익률이 투자자들의 투자심리에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 가격상승기와 재상승 후 완만한 하락기에서 더욱 두드러진 경향을 보였다. 한편, 원유 및 동 선물시장의 가격하락기에서는 투자심리지수 변화가 양(+)의 방향으로 수익률을 예측하는 것으로 나타났는데, 이는 가격하락기에는 투자심리가 악화됨에 따라 가격의 하락폭이 더욱 확대되는 현상에 부합하는 결과이다. 투기거래 포지션이 시장가격에 미치는 영향은 뚜렷하지 않으므로 선물시장의 투기거래에 대한 정책당국의 과도한 규제는 바람직하지 않으나, 가격하락기에는 투기거래자들의 매도거래나 지수거래자들의 포지션 청산이 가격하락을 더욱 부추길 수도 있으므로 포지션 제한을 강화하는 등의 적절한 대책이 강구될 필요가 있다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제47권
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• pp.107-123
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• 2002

This paper is intented to present a information of various aspects of quality related characteristics and standards for grades in maize. Maize is world's one of the three most popular cereal crops and a primary energy supplement and can contribute up to 30, 60, and 98% of the dairy diet's protein, net energy, and starch, respectively. Maize is also processed into industrial goods by wet or dry milling. Sweet corn is a leader among vegetable crops and its production for fresh or processing markets is a major industry in many countries. Over the years, the combined efforts of breeders and geneticists, biochemists, food scientists, and others have helped bring us to the point where we understand issues related to sweet corn quality. Traditional criteria for selecting corn hybrids have been based primarily on agronomic factors, including grain production, disease resistance, drought tolerance, and storage characteristics. Little emphasis has been placed on the quality and nutritional values of corn. Although there is widespread interest for value-enhanced corns have increased tremendously in the last five years, there is limited information available on the production and comparing the quality attributes of specialty grains with those of normal yellow dent corn. Most countries have developed national maize standards, aiming to provide a framework for trade, both internal and external. Where trading involves direct choice and price negotiation in front of the commodity, grading standards are rarely employed; quality is assessed visually and is influenced by end-use, and the price is determined more by local rather than national factors. The use of an agreed standard will provide an unambiguous description of the quality of the consignment and assist in the formation of a legally-binding contract. Standards can also be seen to protect consumers rights through setting limits to the amount of unsuitable or noxious material.

• 한국조사연구학회지:조사연구
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.1-19
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• 2007

이 연구는 사회조사에서 개인의 경제적 지위 측정값으로 주택자산의 적용 가능성을 알아 보았다. 이를 위하여 주택자산을 수입이나 주관적 계층평가처럼 기존에 널리 사용되고 있는 경제적 지위 측정값들과 비교하였다. 아울러 이러한 경제적 지위 측정값들과 다른 사회적 변수와의 관계를 살펴봄으로써 기존 변수와 주택자산의 유용성을 비교해 보고자 한다. 이를 위하여 전국의 3,000여 가구를 대상으로 조사된 2005년 전국가족실태조사 중에서 수도권 아파트 거주자 자료와 국민은행의 아파트 시세 자료를 사용하였다. 자료의 제한점에도 불구하고, 이 연구는 몇 가지 시사점을 제시하고 있다. 첫째, 다른 경제적 지위 측정값들과 분포나 다른 변수와의 관계에서 아파트 자산은 상이한 결과를 보였다. 자료수집이라는 측면만을 고려하여 경제적 지위를 측정하는 것은 연구자의 의도와 다른 결과를 산출할 수도 있다는 점을 보여 주고 있다. 둘째, 불완전하지만 아파트 시세 같은 보다 객관적인 지표의 활용 가능성을 적극적으로 검토할 필요가 있다. 최근에 부동산 자산에서 계층별 격차가 더 커지고 있다는 점을 고려할 때, 보다 객관적인 자료가 사회조사에서 적용된다면, 연구자의 의도를 보다 정확하게 반영할 수 있는 한 가지 방법이 될 것이다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.539-549
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• 2023

Domestic processed food exports might increase due to the free trade agreement (FTA) and spread of the Korean Wave, Hallyu. However, the share of the domestic raw materials in the domestic processed food industry is very low at 31.4%, which limits the spillover effect on domestic agriculture. Therefore, we selected frozen dumplings as a representative processed food whose exports are growing rapidly and conducted a multiple regression analysis to examine the effects of Hallyu and FTA variables on the frozen dumpling exports. We tried to link them to an increase in agricultural income through the expansion of demand for the domestic raw materials. This study analyzed tariff indicator as the FTA variable, cosmetics export value indicator as the Hallyu Wave variable, and other variables expected to change the trade environment such as gross domestic product (GDP) and the relative exchange rate by country as the key explanatory variables that affect changes in the trade environment. The analysis showed that the core hypothesis, the Hallyu variable and the FTA variable, have a positive impact on frozen dumpling exports. Frozen dumpling exports are expected to increase as the FTAs and the spread of Hallyu are expected to continue for the foreseeable future. Therefore, we should seek ways to increase the proportion of domestically produced ingredients in the frozen dumplings to spread the economic impact to domestic agriculture. We reviewed previous studies and determined, the price-related factors play a major role in the use of imported ingredients, and that price stability and competitiveness are essential to increase the share of the domestically produced ingredients. Based on these conclusions, we reviewed the current status of food industry-related policies and determined measures needed to expand the use of domestically produced ingredients.

• 한국경제지리학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.503-521
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• 2017

세계 커피 시장에서 지속 가능한 커피 인증 프로그램을 적용한 원두 수요는 지속적으로 증가하고 있다. 이와 같은 글로벌 커피산업의 동향처럼 최근 베트남의 지속 가능한 커피 인증 프로그램 도입이 크게 증가하고 있다. 그러나 베트남의 커피 인증 프로그램은 비나카페라는 단일 국영기업에 의해 주도적으로 도입되고 있다는 점에서 다른 국가의 커피 인증 프로그램과 차별된다. 특히, 비나카페의 폐쇄적 의사결정구조는 베트남의 지속 가능한 인증 커피 프로그램 도입에 따른 경제적 파급 효과에 장애가 되었다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 비나카페를 사례로 베트남의 지속 가능한 커피 인증 프로그램 도입에 따른 커피산업의 가치사슬의 변화와 그 한계를 고찰하고자 한다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 1)베트남 중부고원지역의 커피산업 성장 과정에서 나타난 비나카페의 역할을 분석하고, 2) 비나카페에 의해 주도된 지속 가능한 커피 인증 프로그램 도입에 따른 변화를 분석하고, 3) 이에 따른 한계점을 고찰하고자 했다. 연구 결과, 비나카페 자회사에 속한 농가는 지속 가능한 커피 생산을 위해 인증 커피의 환경 기준 가이드라인을 준수하면서 기존 일반 커피 생산 비용에서 환경 비용을 추가적으로 지불하며, 비나카페 자회사는 인증 커피 생산 과정에서 발생하는 추가 환경 비용을 농가에 일부 지원한다. 그러나 모기업이 자회사로부터 인증 커피를 일반 커피 가격으로 구매함으로써 자회사는 모기업으로부터 인증 커피에 대한 프리미엄을 보장받지 못했다. 따라서 자회사는 인증 커피 프리미엄에 따른 손실을 상쇄하기 위해 농가에 환경 비용을 다른 형태로 전가함으로써 실질적으로 농가 역시 인증 커피 생산에 따른 프리미엄을 보장 받지 못해 인증 커피 생산에 따른 최종 손실은 농가가 부담해야 하는 결과가 나타났다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.139-148
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• 2016

Chronic patients and staffs in healthcare facilities cannot avoid long-term stays indoors. Therefore, they need to get adequate amounts of sunlight to prevent diseases caused by vitamin D deficiency. This is a case study on the advanced daylighting systems installed to healthcare facilities for therapeutic environments as serving natural light therapy and a pleasant atmosphere. This paper shows daylighting devices that overcome the structural limits of architectural design solutions for inducing natural light. This study presents appropriate daylighting technologies to the purpose and types of healthcare facilities by analyzing therapeutic environmental factors. Natural light delivered through daylighting devices help directly patients recover. In addition, it can improve healthcare providers' performance and productivity, and reduce their errors, thereby creating therapeutic environments for patients, indirectly. Excellent color rendering of solar illumination is also a powerful tool for navigation and wayfinding in the buildings, and for aesthetic treatment in dental office. Furthermore, daylighting systems are streamlined and require the least material and space to attract sunlight up to the deeper inside. But because of expensive cost, they have not yet been widespread. Though daylighting devices are typically more expensive than artificial illuminations to install, the running cost savings can compensate for the initial installation cost. With the development of technology in the future, the market price of them is expected to be formed properly.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제52권6호
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• pp.1131-1136
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• 2020

Xenon behaves differently in molten salt reactors (MSRs) compared to solid fuel reactors. This behavior needs exploring due to the large reactivity effect of the ¹³⁵Xe isotope, given the current interest in MSR power plant development for commercial deployment. This paper focuses on select topics in xenon transport, reviews relevant past works, and proposes specific research questions to advance the state of the art in each of the focus areas. Specifically, the paper discusses the issue of xenon solubility in MSRs, the behavior of particulates circulating in MSR fuel salt and its influence on the xenon transport, the possibility of ionization of xenon atoms which changes its effective size and thus affects its mass transport, and finally the issue of circulating void fraction and how it is measured. This work presents specific recommendations for MSR designers to research the limits of Henry's law validity, circulating particulate scrubbers, validity of mass transport coefficients in high radiation fields, and the effects of pump speed on circulating void fraction.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.61-73
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• 2012

This study applied the value of floor-area-ratio standard calculation method to case areas and analyzed them to overcome the limits of previous studies in calculation methods for area standards and land price (value) standard development rights. The results are presented as follows: First, criteria to select sending areas and receiving areas are needed. Second, calculation methods based on the value of floor-area-ratio standard can be widely used as standardized criteria in various areas. Third, for the connection of sending areas with receiving areas, the connections of 1:1, n:1, 1:n, and n:n are available and the location of possible dealing areas should be considered. Also, the choice of connecting unions that meet the purpose of TDR presented by local governments is available. Fourth, for Gwangju, as receiving areas downtown provide higher profits than previous renewal projects, the application of TDR is available. Application methods to overcome problems are presented as follows: First, criteria to select sending and receiving areas should be prepared and implemented in an order of priority. Second, in calculating development rights, methods based on the value of floor-area-ratio standard should be used. Third, the standards and principles of sending and receiving areas should be designated and possible dealing areas should not be limited.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.412-420
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• 2003

This study describes the merits of PWM control of hydraulic system using high speed on-off valves. Generally, Electro-hydraulic valves can be classified into two classification: valves which are controlled by analog signal and which are controlled by digital. The former includes hydraulic servo valves and proportional valves which require A/D converters as interface to digital computer and too costly and sensitive to oil contamination because of complexity in structures. The latter includes high speed on-off valves which do not require A/D converters because they are normally operated in a pulse width modulation(PWM) method, and are low in price and robust to oil contamination because of their simple structures. The objectives of this study is to analyze the limit cycle which regularly appear in the position control system using 2/2way high speed on-off valves and to give a criterion for the stability of this system. The nonlinear characteristics of PWM and cylinder friction of this system are described by harmonic linearization and the effects of parameter variations to the system stability are simulated.

• 의료법학
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.41-69
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• 2012

First introduced in 1977, Korean health care system reached to national coverage in short period of time never seen before in any other countries, and rated as successful system protecting the health of the public at relatively low price. However, despite those positive evaluations, some of fraudulent medical organizations or pharmacies are hindering the sound development of the national health care system with meticulous false billing exaggerating the number of patients or the days of their treatment. To prevent aforementioned nursing home fraud and false billing, the misconduct should be punished as subject to the criminal law and severally punished for fines and payments which far exceed the expected amount of illicit gains as it is basically violation of criminal fraud, other than the forced return of illicit gains based on civil laws. Furthermore, the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service should strengthen and complement the fraud investigators, the review process, and the professional training to raise the detection rates. It might also want to review ways to implement whistleblower rewarding system and rewards for evidences of healthcare fraud to overcome the limits of external review.