• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
• /
• 2006.05a
• /
• pp.1788-1792
• /
• 2006

The ordered weighted averaging (OWA) operator by Yager has received more and more attention since its appearance. One key point in the OWA operator is to determine its associated weights. Among numerous methods that have appeared in the literature, we notice the maximum entropy OWA (MEOWA) weights that are determined by taking into account two appealing measures characterizing the OWA weights. Instead of maximizing the entropy in the formulation for determining the MEOWA weights, the new method in the article tries to obtain the OWA weights which are evenly spread out around equal weights as much as possible while strictly satisfying the orness value provided in the program. This consideration leads to the least squared OWA (LSOWA) weighting method in which the program tries to obtain the weights that minimize the sum of deviations from the equal weights since entropy is maximized when the weights are equal. Above all, the LSOWA weights display symmetric allocations of weights on the basis of equal weights. The positive or negative allocations of weights from the median as a basis depend on the magnitude of orness specified. Further interval LSOWA weights are constructed when a decision-maker specifies his or her value of orness in uncertain numerical bounds.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
• /
• v.18 no.12
• /
• pp.1439-1444
• /
• 2015

Measuring spectral reflectance can be regarded as obtaining inherent color parameters, and spectral reflectance has been used in image processing. Model-based spectrum recovering, one of the method for obtaining spectral reflectance, uses ordinary camera with multiple illuminations. Conventional model-based methods allow to recover spectral reflectance efficiently by using only a few parameters, however it requires some parameters such as power spectrum of illuminations and spectrum sensitivity of camera. In this paper, we propose an enhanced model-based spectrum recovering method without pre-measured parameters: power spectrum of illuminations and spectrum sensitivity of camera. Instead of measuring each parameters, spectral reflectance can be efficiently recovered by estimating and using the spectrum characteristic matrix which contains spectrum parameters: basis function, power spectrum of illumination, and spectrum sensitivity of camera. The spectrum characteristic matrix can be easily estimated using captured images from scenes with color checker under multiple illuminations. Additionally, we suggest fast recovering method preserving positive constraint of spectrum by nonnegative basis function of spectral reflectance. Results of our method showed accurately reconstructed spectral reflectance and fast constrained estimation with unmeasured camera and illumination. As our method could be conducted conveniently, measuring spectral reflectance is expected to be widely used.

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
• /
• v.1 no.2
• /
• pp.69-83
• /
• 2013

This paper aims to determine the preference and use of electronic information and resources by blind/visually impaired users in the leading National Capital Region (NCR) libraries of India. Survey methodology has been used as the basic research tool for data collection with the help of questionnaires. The 125 in total users surveyed in all the five libraries were selected randomly on the basis of willingness of the users with experience of working in digital environments to participate in the survey. The survey results were tabulated and analyzed with descriptive statistics methods using Excel software and 'Stata version 11'. The findings reveal that ICT have a positive impact in the lives of people with disabilities as it helps them to work independently and increases the level of confidence among them. The Internet is the most preferred medium of access to information among the majority of blind/visually impaired users. The 'Complexity of content available on the net' is found as the major challenge faced during Internet use by blind users of NCR libraries. 'Audio books on CDs/DVDs and DAISY books' are the most preferred electronic resources among the majority of blind/visually impaired users. This study will help the library professionals and organizations/institutions serving people with disabilities to develop effective library services for blind/visually impaired users in the digital environment on the basis of findings on information usage behavior in the study.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.471-479
• /
• 2013

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify factors for smoking middle school students' intention to quit smoking on the basis of the social influence and self-efficacy [ASE] model. Methods: Data were collected from 2,015 students from five middle schools in Daegu with a structured questionnaire in March, 2013 and analyzed by using $x^2$-test, ANOVA, pearson's correlation and multiple regression analysis. Results: The smoking rate was 6.1% among the total subjects and 85.4% of the smokers had intention to quit smoking. The mean value of attitude toward quitting smoking was $2.15{\pm}0.34$, that of social influence $3.38{\pm}0.65$, and that of self-efficacy $2.84{\pm}0.95$. The multiple regression analysis showed an explanatory power of 24.7%, and experience of trying to quit smoking was the strongest factor affecting the intention to quit smoking (${\beta}$=.34, p<.01), followed by school years and social influence. Conclusion: In order to increase smoking middle school students' intention to quit smoking, intervention strategies are needed to increase positive social influence or to offer public information to younger smoking students in low school years.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.18-25
• /
• 2009

Purpose: The study was investigated to identify the relationship between nursing workload and aseptic technique performance by clinical nurses, and to decrease the incidence rate of nosocomial infection. Methods: Participants (N=283) were recruited in B city from April to June 2007. The data were collected by a structured questionnaire and analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results: Nursing workload was rated 9.85 out of a total score of 15. The level of aseptic technique performance as the basis for insertion of a Foley catheter was 42.72 out of a total score of 50, and as basis for insertion of intravenous catheter for fluid therapy was 40.11 out of a total score of 55. There was not a significant relationship between aseptic technique performance and nursing workload. There was a significant positive relationship between the aseptic technique performance in insertion of Foley catheter and that of intravenous catheter for fluid therapy (r=.279, p<.001). Conclusions: Attention to asepsis by nurses is crucial in nosocomial infection-related clinical nursing skills.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.285-292
• /
• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors influencing the nursing professional values(NPV) of college nursing students. Methods: A convenience sample of 274 subjects was recruited from the department of nursing at a college. The survey was conducted from May 29 to Jun 20 2006. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 10.1. Results: The average item score of NPV, satisfaction, socialization, self-esteem were 3.60, 3.00, 2.74, and 2.71. The NPV of nursing students showed a significantly positive correlation to speciality satisfaction(r=.28-.46), socialization(r=.13-.46), and self-esteem(r=.12-.15). The significant factors influencing NPV of nursing students were service, curriculum satisfaction, social perception satisfaction, leadership & popularity, and sociability, which explained about 37.5%. Conclusions: Therefore, on the basis of this study's result, when nursing educational programs are developed to make positive NPV, these factors need to be considered.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.43-51
• /
• 2012

PURPOSE. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of sociodemographic factors on quality of satisfaction towards denture treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS. One hundred subjects (filling inclusion criteria) who were wearing a denture for at least two months were enrolled and divided into five groups on the basis of sociodemographic variables (age, gender, literacy level, socio-economic and marital status). Questionnaires consisting of 38 questions (positive and negative attitude towards denture satisfaction) related to patients' perception of clinical outcome in different domains such as mastication, appearance, speech, comfort, health, denture care and social status were scored by the subjects. Questions reflecting positive attitude were scored as 2, 1, or 0 (yes, uncertain and no, respectively) and reversely for the negative questions. Statistical analysis was done by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (${\alpha}$= .05). RESULTS. Level of denture satisfaction was higher in age subgroup belonging to 45 - 65 years of age in relation to comfort, health and denture care. Female and male showed significant priority for denture treatment because of esthetic and function respectively. Level of satisfaction was statistically significant with literacy level. Upper high income group showed significantly higher level of satisfaction only in case of social status. Married group showed significantly higher satisfaction level only with comfort. CONCLUSION. Patients' sociodemographic variables were influential factors on denture satisfaction.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.41-48
• /
• 2009

Purpose: This study was aimed to explain the relationship of family burden, family support, depression and satisfaction among caregivers of the elderly. Methods: The study population were 126 caregivers of 5 elderly residing in institutionalized nursing homes in Seoul and Kyunggi. The research tool of this study was a structured questionnaire on family burden, family support, depression and satisfaction. The data were collected from March 13 to April 30, 2008, and analyzed by Cronbach's alpha, descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA and Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression by using the SPSS/WIN 14.0 program. Results: The major findings of this study were as follows: a significant positive correlation between family support and depression (r=.65, p=.001) was found. A significant positive correlation between family support and satisfaction (r=.68, p=.001) was perceived. Significant factors influencing Satisfaction were Family Support, which explained 38.2% of the variance of Satisfaction of Elderly Caregiver. Conclusion: This study suggested that we should develop programs and policies to increase the satisfaction of caregivers for their family support. In conclusion, the study was done to give suggestions to improve caregiver satisfaction of the aged and to serve as a basis for policy strategies by examining the current conditions of the nursing facilities.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.1-13
• /
• 2021

Purpose : This study aims to provide basic data for effective nursing interventions and improvement of nurses' work by exploring their work experiences in single-room-structured intensive care units (ICU) through focus group interviews. Methods : Data were collected through two focus group discussions conducted from March to November 2020 with 13 ICU nurses. Interviews were audio-recorded and analyzed thematically by investigators. Results : Through content analysis, 15 sub-categories and 6 categories were formed. Two themes, "positive experiences patients care in an independent space" and "difficulties in nursing work according to space separation of patients" emerged. There are positive aspects of single-room-structured ICUs, but it was found that practicing nurses had difficulties and required specialized nursing competencies. Therefore, efforts to reduce the burden of nurses in single-room-structured ICUs are necessary. Conclusion : The limitation of this study is that it was conducted in a single hospital because single-room-structured intensive care units are uncommon in Korea. However, this study is of great significance as a basis for establishing guidelines on the efforts required from nurses, hospitals, and governments single-room-structured ICUs in the future.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.263-272
• /
• 2023

Purpose: The aim of this study was to provide a scientific basis for shelf life and re-establish the shelf life in a hospital environment by investigating the validity periods of various packaging materials. Methods: We selected six departments to store sterilized items, prepared 482 sterilized items, and stored them for 12 months. Each sample was tested using a microbiological culture in the laboratory every two weeks. When the result was positive, the sample was considered contaminated. The temperature and relative humidity were measured using an automatic control system to investigate the storage environment during the study period. Results: Except for two samples, which were positive in the 22nd and 28th weeks, 480 samples were negative. The temperature and relative humidity of the sample storage area were measured every week. The annual average temperature was 23.6±1.6℃, and the mean relative humidity was 35.1±15.2%. The cabinets used in this study were the two-open and four-closed types. Conclusion: This study confirmed the validity of the expiration date in a hospital environment. Based on the results, the nonwoven fabric remained sterile for more than nine months. No case of contamination of the paper-plastic pouch packaging was observed, owing to the microbial culture for two months.