• 펄프종이기술
• /
• 제36권2호
• /
• pp.60-69
• /
• 2004

Application methods of chemicals were investigated to minimize strength reduction of corrugated boards under the high humidity environment encountered in the cold chain system. Starch insolubilizers were introduced in the starch solution preparation of the Stein hall method and their insolubilization effect of starch binder were estimated. The performance of water repellent agents(WRA) and moisture proof agents(MPA) were evaluated in terms of water and moisture resistance. And effects of the combination of the chemicals and the coating method were also examined. Addition of the polyamine polyamide insolubilizer to the main part in the Stein hall process improved the binding force and water resistance of starch, which contributed to minimize the strength reduction of paper under the high humidity environment. AZC and Glyoxal type insolubilizers could not be used in the experiment due to an excessively increased viscosity of starch solution and the poor stability. Conventional WRA treatment to the base paper enhanced water and moisture resistance very slightly even though water repellency of the paper reached R10 by the treatment. MPA showed excellent performance than WRA not only in water and moisture resistance but in water repellency. Double coating on paper with MPA was more effective than the single coating at the same coating weight. A newly developed MPA showed excellent performance and runnability only by a single coating instead of a double coating.

• 공업화학
• /
• 제1권2호
• /
• pp.197-206
• /
• 1990

이미다졸린 핵에 유연성을 부여하기 위하여 소수성기로서 behenic acid를 선택하고 3종류의 polyalkylene polyamine 과 반응시켜 1, 2-이치환 이미다졸린 화합물인 1-behenoyl-aminoethyl-2-heneicosylimidazoline(BHI), 1-behenoylbis(aminoethyl)-2-heneicosylimidazoline(BBI) 및 1-behenoyltris(aminoethyl)-2-heneicosylimidazoline(BTI)을 합성하였다. 동 화합물들을 4급화 시켜 1, 2-이치환 이미다졸린 염화물인 1-behenoylaminoethyl-1-glycidyl-2-heneicosylimidazolinium chloride(BHIC), 1-behenoylbis(aminoethyl)-1-glycidyl-2-heneicosylimidazolinium chloride(BBIC) 및 1-behenoyltris(aminoethyl)-1-glycidyl-2-heneicosylimidazolinium chloride(BTIC)를 합성하였다. BHI, BBI 및 BTI 합성의 최적조건은 $210^{\circ}C$에서 8시간이었으며 BHIC, BBIC 및 BTIC 합성에서 BHIC는 BHI-epichlorohydrin의 mole ratio가 1:1.3, BBIC와 BTIC는 mole ratio가 1:1.5 이상일 때 완전 4급화가 이루어졌다. BHIC, BBIC 및 BTIC에서 유연제 BHICS, BBICS 및 BTICS를 제조한 후 아크릴 섬유에 유연처리를 하여 유연성을 측정한 결과 양호한 유연제임이 밝혀졌다.

• Journal of Plant Biology
• /
• 제31권2호
• /
• pp.91-100
• /
• 1988

The effect of Ca2+ and polyamines on the activity $\beta$-glucan synthetase II(GSII) related to cell wall synthesis was studied in carrot suspension cultured cells. The activity of GS II is four times higher than that of $\beta$-glucan synthetase I in carrot suspension cultured cells and in vitro expreiment, the activity of GSII was increased in response to increase in concentration of Ca2+ and polyamines. When carrot suspension cultured cells were incubated together with Ca2+ and polyamines, the GSII activity was high at 0.1mM of Ca2+ and 1mM of putrescine. Also, polycationic poly-L-lysine and poly-L-ornithine increased about 50% the GSII activity than that of the control, respectively. These results may imply that Ca2+ and polyamines were related to the enzyme activity as a polycationic nature. In addition, verapamil as the calcium channel blocker and flunarizine as an antagonist of calcium mechanism in cytoplasm decreased GSII activity ramarkably, Ca2+ and calmodulin stimulated GSII activity as Ca2+ of free ion rather than Ca2+ calmodulin complex. The effect of 2,4-D on the GSII activity in culture medium is shown to be low at 0.1mg per liter and GSII activity increased about 30% more than that of the 0.1mg/l at the range of 0.3-1.0mg per litere. Cummulative results suggest that Ca2+ and polyfamines stimulate the cell wall synthesis by means of the enhancement of GSII activity responsible for synthesizing the cell wall components.

• 한국자원식물학회지
• /
• 제28권6호
• /
• pp.690-696
• /
• 2015

We micropropagated pear (Pyrus species) using shoot tips and nodal explants from three pear genotypes. The ability to establish shoot tip cultures, proliferate shoots, induce rooting, and acclimatize the resulting plantlets are all elements of in vitro micropropagation. Shoots were induced from shoot tips on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) with five different plant growth regulator combinations. The highest shoot formation rates were achieved for the three genotypes using MS supplemented with 1.0 mg/L N⁶-benzyladenine (BA) and 0.1 mg/L gibberellic acid (GA₃). The maximum shoot number and shoot length for the three cultivars were recorded with 2.0 mg/L BA and 0.2 mg/L indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) in multiplication medium using nodal explants produced from microshoots. Nodal explants with one or two axillary buds cultured for three weeks initiated roots on medium supplemented with various concentrations of 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) or/and IBA in half-strength MS medium for adventitious rooting. The highest rooting response was with the combination of 0.2 mg/L NAA and 0.2 mg/L IBA. A combination of NAA and IBA resulted in a significant increase in the rooting ratio over NAA or IBA alone. In this medium, the root formation rate according to ranged from 68.9% for the BaeYun No. 3 genotype to 51.8% for the Hwanggeum genotype. We also investigated the influence of the concentration the polyamine phloroglucinol in rooting medium. For all three genotypes, the highest rooting ratio, longest root length, and greatest root number were observed in the treatments with 75-150 mg/L phloroglucinol. Most rooted plants were acclimatized successfully.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제17권5호
• /
• pp.705-711
• /
• 2007

Two novel strains of the Cytophaga-Flexibacter-Bacteroides(CFB) group, designated Gsoil $219^T$ and Gsoil $238^T$, were isolated from soil of a ginseng field of Pocheon Province in Korea. Both strains were Gram-negative, aerobic, nonmotile, nonspore-forming, and rod-shaped. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that both isolates belong to the genus Chitinophaga but were clearly separated from established species of this genus. The sequence similarities between strain Gsoil $219^T$ and type strains of the established species and between strain Gsoil $238^T$ and type strains of the established species ranged from 91.4 to 94.7% and 91.6 to 94.2%, respectively. Phenotypic and chemotaxonomic data(major menaquinone, MK-7; major fatty acids, $iso-C_{15:0}\;and\;C_{16:1}\omega5c$; major hydroxy fatty acid, $iso-C_{17:0}3-OH$; major polyamine, homospermidine) supported the affiliation of both strains Gsoil $219^T$ and Gsoil $238^T$ to the genus Chitinophaga. Furthermore, the results of physiological and biochemical tests allowed genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of both strains from the other validated Chitinophaga species. Therefore, the two isolates represent two novel species, for which the name Chitinophaga soli sp. nov.(type strain, Gsoil $219^T=KCTC\;12650^T=DSM\;18093^T$) and Chitinophaga terrae sp. nov.(type strain, Gsoil $238^T=KCTC\;12651^T=DSM\;18078^T$) are proposed.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• 제29권1호
• /
• pp.25-29
• /
• 2002

미니토마토, Micro-Tom (Lycopersicon esculentum cv. Micro-Tom)의 줄기 절편 배양으로부터 신초 기관발생을 통한 식물체 재분화 시스템을 확립하였다. 다른 농도의 BAP가 처리된 MS 고체 배지에서 신초 발생을 유도하였다. 신초 발생을 유도하기 위하여 cytokinin 종류와 농도별 처리에서는 4mg/L BAP 처리가 Micro-Tom 신초 기관분화를 위한 최적농도로 나타났으며, 줄기절편 당 평균 5.3개의 신초를 형성했고 0.7 cm 길이 신장을 보였다. 4 mg/L BAP이 처리된 MS 고체배지에 질산은 (7 mg/L)과 putrescine (50 mg/L) 처리로 신초기관발생을 향상시킬 수 있었다. 신초가 약 1 cm 길이로 생장하였을 때 기부를 절단하여 0.1 mg/L IBA이 처리된 MS 고형배치에 배양하여 뿌리를 유도하였으며, 발근된 식물체를 vermiculite에 옮겨 순화시킨 결과 92%의 생존율을 보였다.

• 한국해양바이오학회지
• /
• 제1권2호
• /
• pp.71-75
• /
• 2006

별불가사리 단백추출물을 조제하여 유방암 유발억제효과를 측정한 결과, 별불가사리 단백추출물은 estrogen-의존성의 유방암세포(MCF-7)와 estrogen-비의존성 유방암세포(MDA-MB-231)의 증식을 농도의존적으로 억제하는 효과가 있었으며, 유방암발생 발암물질 활성에 관여하는 cytochrome P450 1A1 활성도 저해하였다. 또한 유방암발생의 촉진단계에 주요한 기능을 가진 ODC 활성도 억제하였으므로 별불가사리 단백추출물은 유방암 발생을 저해할 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제32권5호
• /
• pp.575-581
• /
• 2022

A Gram-stain-negative, white-coloured, and rod-shaped bacterium, strain DR4-4^T, was isolated from Daechung Reservoir, Republic of Korea, during Microcystis bloom. Strain DR4-4^T was most closely related to Caenimonas terrae SGM1-15^T and Caenimonas koreensis EMB320^T with 98.1% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) values between strain DR4-4^T and closely related type strains were below 79.46% and 22.30%, respectively. The genomic DNA G+C content was 67.5%. The major cellular fatty acids (≥10% of the total) were identified as C_16:0, cyclo C_17:0, summed feature 3 (C_16:1ω7c and/or C_16:1ω6c), and summed feature 8 (C_18:1ω7c and/or C_18:1ω6c). Strain DR4-4^T possessed phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, and phosphatidylglycerol as the main polar lipids and Q-8 as the respiratory quinone. The polyamine profile was composed of putrescine, cadaverine, and spermidine. The results of polyphasic characterization indicated that the isolated strain DR4-4^T represents a novel species within the genus Caenimonas, for which the name Caenimonas aquaedulcis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is DR4-4^T (=KCTC 82470^T =JCM 34453^T).

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• 제26권2호
• /
• pp.133-144
• /
• 2023

Auranofin is a US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved anti-arthritis medication that functions as a thioredoxin reductase inhibitor. Spermidine, a polyamine present in marine algae, can exert various physiological functions. Herein, we examined the synergistic anticancer activity of auranofin and spermidine in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Combined treatment with auranofin and spermidine suppressed cell viability more efficiently than either treatment alone in HCC Hep3B cells. The isobologram plotted by calculating the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) values of each drug indicated that the two drugs exhibited a synergistic effect. Based on the analysis of annexin V and cell cycle distribution, auranofin and spermidine markedly induced apoptosis in Hep3B cells. Moreover, auranofin and spermidine increased mitochondria-mediated apoptosis by promoting mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) loss. Auranofin and spermidine significantly increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in Hep3B cells, and the blocking ROS suppressed apoptosis induced by spermidine and auranofin. In addition, auranofin and spermidine reduced the expression of phosphorylated phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) and protein kinase B (Akt), and PI3K inhibitor accelerated auranofin- and spermidine-induced apoptosis. Using ROS scavenger and PI3K inhibitor, we revealed that ROS acts upstream of auranofin- and spermidine-induced apoptosis. Collectively, our study suggests that combination treatment with auranofin and spermidine could afford synergistic anticancer activity via ROS overproduction and reduced PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

• 한국약용작물학회지
• /
• 제2권3호
• /
• pp.241-245
• /
• 1994

조직배양에 의한 두릅나무 종묘의 대량생산을 목적으로 체세포배의 발아에 효과적인 배지 및 생장조철제의 적정조건을 검토한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 배지는 MS매지가 채세포배의 발아에 가장 효과적이었으며(65%) 그 중애서도 무기염류의 농도를 1/4로 감소하고 당농도도 1%로 줄인 MS배지에서 발아 및 기관생장인 양호하였다. 2. Gelling agent는 gelrite $0.2{\sim}0.3%$ 처리에서 발아가 촉진되었으며 $(65{\sim}70%)$ shoot 및 root의 생장도 양호하였다. 3. Cytokinin은 $0.1mg/{\ell}$의 BA와 kinetin처리에서 발아율$(65{\sim}70%)$과 신초 및 뿌리 의 길이 및 건물중이 높게 나타났다. 4. Polyamine의 효과에 대한 실험결과 putrescine $1mg/{\ell}$과 5$mg/{\ell},\;spermidine\;10mg/{\ell}$ 처리에서 체세포배의 발아(90%) 및 기관생장이 양호하였으며 분화식물의 투명화도 억제되었다.