• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.246-253
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• 2003

항공기 구조를 모사하여 일련의 리벳 구멍을 갖는 AA2024-T3 박판 구조를 대상으로 피로하중에 의한 단균열(short crack)의 발생시점과 성장거동을 음향방출(AE)을 위주로 한 측정으로 평가하였다. AE 위치표정에 의해 단균열의 좌표를 정확하게 결정하였으며, 이동식 현미경으로 균열의 크기를 측정하였다. 누적 AE 발생수 곡선은 단균열의 발생과 성장에 따라 일정한 간격을 두고 급격히 증가하는 양상을 보임으로써 여러 차례의 계단식 곡선을 형성하였다. AE 위치표정에서는 리벳 구멍을 중심으로 파괴역학에 근거한 관심영역(ROI)을 설정하였으며, 웨이블릿변환 잡음제거 방법을 사용하여 위치표정의 정확도를 향상할 수 있었다. 실제로 탐지된 신호의 대부분이 단 균열의 발생 및 성장과 관계없는 외부 잡음신호로 나타났으며, ROI 내에서 발생한 AE 발생원의 위치도 구조의 기하학적 특징이나 신호대잡음비의 영향에 의해 왜곡될 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 폴리머
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.537-542
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• 2011

폴리카보네이트(PC)에서 문제되는, 내충격성에서의 취약한 두께민감성을 보완하고자, PC와 구조적 유사성을 지니며 내충격성에서의 두께민감성은 보완된 폴리에스터카보네이트(PEC)와 PC의 블렌드를 제조하였다. 다양한 조성의 PEC를 합성하여 PC/PEC 블렌드의 $T_g$를 측정한 결과, 카보네이트 구조의 함량이 10 mol% 정도로 적은 경우를 제외한 모든 PEC가 PC와 상용성을 보였으며, 그 중 카보네이트 단위와 방향족 에스터인 아릴레이트 단위의 함량비가 1:1인 PEC5와 PC의 블렌드에 대해 파괴 거동을 고찰한 결과, 3 mm 두께 시편에서는 PEC5의 함량이 증가함에 따라 충격강도가 낮아졌으나, 이보다 두꺼운 6 mm 시편에서는 PEC5 함량이 많은 조성에서 PC와 PEC5 각각 보다 향상된 충격강도 결과가 발견되었다.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.66-74
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• 2021

Cladding material, which can selectively obtain excellent properties of different metals, is a composite material that combines two or more types of dissimilar metals into one plate. The titanium-copper cladding material between titanium which has excellent corrosion resistance and copper which has high thermal and electrical conductivity, are highly valuable composite materials. It can be used as heat exchangers with high conductivity under severe corrosion conditions. In order to apply the clad plate to the heat exchanger, it must be manufactured in the form of a tube and additional welding is required. It is important to select the cladding material manufacturing process and the welding process. The process of manufacturing the cladding material includes extrusion, rolling, and explosive bonding. Among them, the explosive bonding process is suitable for additional welding because no heat-affected zone is formed. In this study TIG welding of the explosive-bonded dissimilar clad plates was successfully performed by butt welding. The microstructures and bonding interface of the welded part were observed, and the effect of the bonding layer at the welding interface and the intermetallic compounds on the mechanical properties and tensile plastic deformation behaviors were analyzed. And also the integrity of TIG-welded dissimilar part was evaluated.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.281-291
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• 2022

Complex rock masses include various joint planes, bedding planes and other weak structural planes. The existence of these structural planes affects the mechanical properties, deformation rules and failure modes of jointed rock masses. To study the influence of the parameters of a nonpersistent joint network on the mechanical properties and failure modes of jointed rock masses, synthetic rock mass (SRM) technology based on discrete elements is introduced. The results show that as the size of the joints in the rock mass increases, the compressive strength and the discreteness of the rock mass first increase and then decrease. Among them, the joints that are characterized by "small but many" joints and "large and clustered" joints have the most significant impact on the strength of the rock mass. With the increase in joint density in the rock mass, the compressive strength of rock mass decreases monotonically, but the rate of decrease gradually decreases. With the increase in the joint dip angle in rock mass, the strength of the rock mass first decreases and then increases, forming a U-shaped change rule. In the analysis of the failure mode and deformation of a jointed rock mass, the type of plastic zone formed after rock mass failure is closely related to the macroscopic displacement deformation of the rock mass and the parameters of the joints, which generally shows that the location and density of the joints greatly affect the failure mode and displacement degree of the jointed rock mass. The instability mechanism of jointed surrounding rock is revealed.

• Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.29-42
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• 2022

In mountainous areas of China, concrete poles with connectors are widely employed in power transmission due to its convenience of manufacture and transportation. The bearing capacity of the poles must have degenerated over time, and most of the steel connectors have been corroded. Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) offers a durable, light-weight alternative in strengthening those poles that have served for many years. In this paper, the bearing capacity and failure mechanism of CFRP sheet strengthened existing reinforced concrete poles with corrosion steel connectors were investigated. Four poles were selected to conduct flexural capacity test. Two poles were strengthened by single-layer longitudinal CFRP sheet, one pole was strengthened by double-layer longitudinal CFRP sheets and the last specimen was not strengthened. Results indicate that the failure is mainly bond failure between concrete and the external CFRP sheet, and the specimens fail in a brittle pattern. The cross-sectional strains of specimens approximately follow the plane section assumption in the early stage of loading, but the strain in the tensile zone no longer conforms to this assumption when the load approaches the failure load. Also, bearing capacity and stiffness of the strengthened specimens are much larger than those without CFRP sheet. The bearing capacity, initial stiffness and elastic-plastic stiffness of specimen strengthened by double-layer CFRP are larger than those strengthened by single-layer CFRP. Weighting the cost-effective effect, it is more economical and reasonable to strengthen with single-layer CFRP sheet. The results can provide a reference to the same type of poles for strengthening design.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제54권11호
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• pp.4072-4083
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• 2022

Ultrasonic impact treatment (UIT) is carried out on the Ni-based alloy stainless steel pipe gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) girth weld, the differences of microstructure, microhardness and shear strength distribution of the joint before and after ultrasonic shock are studied by microhardness test and shear punch test. The results show that after UIT, the plastic deformation layer is formed on the outside surface of the Ni-based alloy overlayer, single-phase austenite and γ type precipitates are formed in the overlayer, and a large number of columnar crystals are formed on the bottom side of the overlayer. The average microhardness of the overlayer increased from 221 H V to 254 H V by 14.9%, the shear strength increased from 696 MPa to 882 MPa with an increase of 26.7% and the transverse average residual stress decreased from 102.71 MPa (tensile stress) to -18.33 MPa (compressive stress), the longitudinal average residual stress decreased from 114.87 MPa (tensile stress) to -84.64 MPa (compressive stress). The fracture surface has been appeared obvious shear lip marks and a few dimples. The element migrates at the fusion boundary between the Ni-based alloy overlayer and the austenitic stainless steel joint, which is leaded to form a local martensite zone and appear hot cracks. The welded joint is cooled by FA solidification mode, which is forming a large number of late and skeleton ferrite phase with an average microhardness of 190 H V and no obvious change in shear strength. The base metal is all austenitic phase with an average microhardness of 206 H V and shear strength of 696 MPa.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제28권2A호
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• pp.289-295
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• 2008

본 연구는 탄소섬유판으로 보강된 철근콘크리트 부재의 휨 거동특성 및 파괴양상을 규명하고 또한 탄소섬유판 부착탈락 거동을 규명함에 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 탄소섬유판의 형상, 섬유판 부착길이, 부착면적 등의 다양한 변수를 포함하는 실험연구가 수행되었으며, 초기 부착균열이 발생되는 부착탈락 기구를 규명 하였다. 본 실험결과 탄소섬유판으로 보강된 철근콘크리트 부재의 휨 강성은 보강되지 않은 보에 비해 현저하게 개선되며 최대 극한강도 증진율은 120% 이상인 것으로 나타났다. 또한 탄소섬유판 탈락 시 측정된 탄소섬유판의 인장변형율은 탄소섬유판의 극한 변형율의 36%에 해당되는 것으로 나타났으며, 탄소섬유판의 부착길이가 충분 할수록 보는 휨 균열로 야기되는 탄소섬유판의 계면 부착탈락으로 파괴됨을 알 수 있었다. 탄소섬유판의 계면부착탈락은 휨을 받는 구역에서 시작되어 보의 양 끝단으로 급격하게 전파되는 취성적인 파괴를 유도하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서는 탄소섬유판의 유효응력에 근거하여 탄소섬유판으로 보강된 철근콘크리트 부재의 휨 강성을 계산하였으며, 이는 실험결과와 잘 일치하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제26권5C호
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• pp.359-368
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• 2006

시공후 터널의 거동에 영향을 주는 대표적인 인자들로 시간에 따른 투수상태와 지반의 장기거동을 들 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 인자들과 관련된 터널거동을 분석하기 위한 수치해석모델을 개발하고 터널이 겪을 수 있는 다양한 시공 후 하중 조건에 대하여 수치해석을 수행하였다. 터널 변상에 대한 영향인자와 터널거동의 메카니즘을 파악하기 위해 가능한 모든 변상 발생 시나리오를 구성하였으며, 부직포의 투수계수, 수위상승, 장기적인 이완하중과 과발파로 인한 손상 등 터널의 시공 후 장기 변상에 관련된 인자들이 조사되었다. 시공 후 터널 변상 발생 시나리오는 터널형식과 그에 따른 하중 메카니즘에 따라 크게 두 가지로 구분할 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 토사터널에 대해서는 투수상태와 관련된 거동이 주요 변상의 원인으로 분석되었으며 배수재의 투수계수 저하와 수위상승에 의한 영향에 대해 분석하였다. 암반 터널에서는 암반의 점소성 거동을 분석하였고 암반의 이완과 크립에 의한 장기적인 이완하중의 영향에 대해 연구하였다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.209-220
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• 2023

In this study, a series of three-dimensional numerical analyses were carried out to investigate the penetration performance of a dynamically installed Hall anchor. The advanced coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian (CEL) technique was adopted to accurately simulate the large soil deformation during the vertical penetration of a Hall anchor. In total, 52 numerical analyses were conducted to investigate the relationship between anchor penetration depth and the initial kinematic energy. Moreover, a sensitivity analysis was performed to investigate the effects of soil shear strength and soil type on the penetration mechanism of a drop anchor under self-weight. There is a monotonic increase in the penetration depth with an increasing anchor weight when the topsoil of the riverbed is not subjected to erosion. On the other hand, all the computed depths significantly increase when soil erosion is taken into consideration. This is mainly due to an enhanced initial kinematic energy from an increased dropping depth. Both depths increase exponentially with the initial kinematic energy. An enhanced shear strength can potentially increase the side resistance and end-bearing pressure around a drop anchor, thus significantly reducing the downward penetration of a hall anchor. Design charts are developed to directly estimate penetration depth and associated plastic zone due to dynamically installed anchor at arbitrary soil shear strength and anchor kinematic energy.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.27-37
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• 2024

The roof-filling body system stability plays a key role in gob-side entry retained (GER). Taking the GER of the 1103 belt transportation roadway in Heilong Coal Mine as engineering background, stability analysis of roof-filling body system was conducted based on the cusp catastrophe theory. Theoretical results showed that the current design parameters of 1103 belt transportation roadway could ensure the roof-filling body system stable during the resistance-increasing support stage of the filling body and the stable support stage of the filling body. Moreover, a verified global numerical model in FLAC3D was established to analyze the failure characteristics including surrounding rock deformation, stress distribution, and plastic zone. Numerical simulation indicated that the width-height ratio of the filling body had a great influence on the stability of the roof-filling body system. When the width-height ratio was greater than 0.62, with the decrease of the width-height ratio, the peak stress of the filling body gradually decreased; when the width-height ratio was greater than 0.92, as the distance to the roadway increased, the roof stress increased and then decreased. The theoretical analysis and numerical simulation findings in this study provide a new research method to analyze the stability of the roof-filling body system in GER.