• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.116.2-116
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• 2001

Korea Institute of Energy Research(KIER) has designed the 3MW pilot scale wet FGD process based on the experimental results of the bench scale FGD system which can treat 150 m3/hr of flue gases. The effects of process chemistry, packing material, and operating variables including L/G ratio, pH, scrubber pressure drop were investigated. In cooperation with Kyunggi Chemicals, the 3MW pilot scale plant was established on the industrial site at Onsan, Korea. This system has been operating since October 1999. This paper introduces an outline of the design features of the pilot plant and discusses its operational results.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.21-34
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• 2022

This study is conducted with the aim of identify the factors constituting learning competencies for engineering college students, and developing and validating the scale to measure them. To this end, literature and prior research were reviewed and focus group interview was conducted with high-achieving learners of K University in the capital region of Korea. According to previous research, 3 learning competency groups, 12 learning competencies and 41 sub-competencies were derived. Delphi survey was carried out twice, 28 sub-competencies were derived among the 41 sub-competencies through this process. 166 initial items were developed through literature review and FGI. Then, 130 items were confirmed by verifying content validity in the second Delphi survey. Based on this, pilot test were performed with 110 students in K university, and an interview was conducted with 50 students who participated in the pilot test. Reflecting the pilot test results, 1 sub-competency and 22 items were deleted. After the confirmed pilot test results, the main test were performed with all current students in K University. According to the main test result, the validity of the scale and the model fit was verified for the response data of 823 students, and the scale consisting of a total of 105 items was confirmed. The final learning competencies scale included three competency groups and 10 learning competencies. The scale developed in this study can be used as an independent scale for each competency group as needed. It is expected that this scale can be contributed to support the development their learning competencies for academic success of engineering college students, who are future learners.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.315-322
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• 2005

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.415-418
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• 2002

A performance of pilot scale biofilter was investigated for the treatment of odorous waste gas. The system treated 508.7 $m^3h^{-1}$ of waste air with amine and ammonia concentrations ranging up to 0.06 $N-gm^{-3}$ Over the four month study, its elimination capacity was demonstrated up to 6.37 $N-gm^{-3}h^{-1}$ and its removal efficiency was 100%. Differ to lab scale biofilter, It is difficult to maintain the proper temperature of reactor because of low external temperature. Experiments were performed indicating various problem such as sudden system shut down, unstable pump, water addition malfunction and corrosion of reactor. However, pilot scale biofilter was stable when treatment of odorous waste gas.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.659-668
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• 2006

The optimization of supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) process for decomposing nitromethane was studied by means of a design of experiments. The optimum operating region for the SCWO process to minimize COD and T-N of treated water was obtained in a lab scale unit. The authors had compared the results from a SCWO pilot plant with those from a lab scale system to explore the problems of scale-up of SCWO process. The COD and T-N in treated waters were selected as key process output variables (KPOV) for optimization, and the reaction temperature (Temp) and the mole ratio of nitromethane to ammonium hydroxide (NAR) were selected as key process input variables (KPIV) through the preliminary tests. The central composite design as a statistical design of experiments was applied to the optimization, and the experimental results were analyzed by means of the response surface method. From the main effects analysis, it was declared that COD of treated water steeply decreased with increasing Temp but slightly decreased with an increase in NAR, and T-N decreased with increasing both Temp and NAR. At lower Temp as $420{\sim}430^{\circ}C$, the T-N steeply decreased with an increase in NAR, however its variation was negligible at higher Temp above $450^{\circ}C$. The regression equations for COD and T-N were obtained as quadratic models with coded Temp and NAR, and they were confirmed with coefficient of determination ($r^2$) and normality of standardized residuals. The optimum operating region was defined as Temp $450-460^{\circ}C$ and NAR 1.03-1.08 by the intersection area of COD < 2 mg/L and T-N < 40 mg/L with regression equations and considering corrosion prevention. To confirm the optimization results and investigate the scale-up problems of SCWO process, the nitromethane was decomposed in a pilot plant. The experimental results from a SCWO pilot plant were compared with regression equations of COD and T-N, respectively. The results of COD and T-N from a pilot plant could be predicted well with regression equations which were derived in a lab scale SCWO system, although the errors of pilot plant data were larger than lab ones. The predictabilities were confirmed by the parity plots and the normality analyses of standardized residuals.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.781-788
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• 2010

A pilot study was performed to examine the feasibility of multiple stage of constructed wetland (CW) for nutrient removal. The system is composed of six wetland cells connected with water-ways. The hydraulic of wetland cells is designed as free water surface flow. The treatment capacity was $25m^3d^{-1}$ at HRT of about one day for each cell. The magnitude of nutrient removal was related with the length of wetlands and plant density. Total N and P removal rates were 1353 and $246mg\;m^{-2}d^{-1}$ respectively. The pilot-scale reactor was model as continuous flow system containing contribution of CSTR and PFR typed-reactors. The $k-C^*$ model equation was applied to predict N and P reduction. The result indicated the equation was well guided to estimate reduction of $NO_3-N$ and $PO_4-P$.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.324-328
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• 1992

In order to develop more economic processes, continuous ethanol fermentation from starchy raw materials in a pilot scale multi-stage CSTR was investigated. Ethanol fermentation could be successfully operated for 30 days with naked barley and 60 days with cassava, respectively. Starchy raw materials used for this study were ground and passed through a 20-mesh sieve for low temperature cooking. Under the optimized conditions, the overall productivity of cassava was $1.27g/{\ell}{\cdot}h$ with an ethanol concentration of 9.51% (v/v), which was higher about 2 times than that obtained from a conventional batch system in industrial scale.

• Journal of Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.292-297
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• 2006

Lab-scale and pilot-scale productions of photosynthetic bacteria, that were able to efficiently treat wastewater from aquacultural farm, were experimented for their highly-pure culture. The results of experiments in a gas pack reactor, an anaerobic flask and a flask using $N_2$ gas as N-source showed that only photosynthetic bacteria formed red colonies on agar plate and their purity was over 90% in a colony, observed under a microscope. It was found that the basal medium could most promote the growth of photosynthetic bacteria, confirmed by experiments of serial cultures on various media. Under the culture conditions, the specific growth rate was found to be $0.18h^{-1}$ from the culture in 5L bioreactor and the same value could be obtained in pilot-scale production.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.89-95
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• 2009

Biodiesel (fatty acid alkyl esters), which is produced from sustainable resources such as vegetable oil, animal fat and waste oils, have used to as substitutes for petro-diesel. In this study, we investigate the performance of 30 L and 300 L pilot-scale biodiesel production system using alkali-catalyst transesterification from soybean oil and rapeseed oil produced at Jeju island in Korea. The 30 L-scale biodiesel production was performed to in the condition of reaction temperature $65^{\circ}C$, catalyst amount 1% (w/w) and oil to methanol molar ratio 1 : 8. At that reaction condition, the fatty acid methyl ester contents of product are above 98% within reaction time 30 min. Also, the conversion yield of over 98% was obtained in 300 L-scale biodiesel production system using rapeseed oil and soybean oil. The quality of biodiesel produced from reaction system was satisfied to recommended quality standard of Korea. Our results may provide useful information with regard to the scale-up of more economic and efficient biodiesel production process.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.20-31
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• 2021

This study aimed to pilot test a newly developed bilateral upper limb rehabilitation training program for improving the upper limb function of individuals with chronic stroke using a visual feedback method. The double-group pretest-posttest design pilot study included 10 individuals with chronic stroke (age >50 years). The intervention (four weekly meetings) consisted of five upper limb training protocols (wrist extension; forearm supination and pronation; elbow extension and shoulder flexion; weight-bearing shift; and shoulder, elbow, and wrist complex movements). Upper limb movement function recovery was assessed with the FuglMeyer Assessment of the Upper Extremity, the Wolf Motor Function Test, the Trunk Control Test, the modified Ashworth Scale, and the visual analog scale at baseline, immediately after, and four weeks after the intervention. The Fatigue Severity Scale was also employed. The Fugl-Meyer Assessment of the Upper Extremity and Wolf Motor Function Test showed significant improvement in upper limb motor function. The Trunk Control Test results increased slightly, and the modified Ashworth Scale decreased slightly, without statistical significance. The visual analog scale scores showed a significant decrease and the Fatigue Severity Scale scores were moderate or low. The bilateral upper limb training program using the visual feedback method could result in slight upper limb function improvements in individuals with chronic stroke.