• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.217-227
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• 2022

In order to provide a location-based services regardless of indoor or outdoor space, it is important to provide position information of the terminal regardless of location. Among the wireless/mobile communication resources used for this purpose, Long Term Evolution (LTE) signal is a representative infrastructure that can overcome spatial limitations, but the positioning method based on the location of the base station has a disadvantage in that the accuracy is low. Therefore, a fingerprinting technique, which is a pattern recognition technology, has been widely used. The simplest yet widely applied algorithm among Fingerprint positioning technologies is k-Nearest Neighbors (kNN). However, in the kNN algorithm, it is difficult to find the optimal K value with the lowest positioning error for each location to be estimated, so it is generally fixed to an appropriate K value and used. Since the optimal K value cannot be applied to each estimated location, therefore, there is a problem in that the accuracy of the overall estimated location information is lowered. Considering this problem, this paper proposes a technique for adaptively varying the K value by using a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model among Artificial Neural Network (ANN) techniques. First, by using the signal information of the measured values obtained in the service area, an image is created according to the Physical Cell Identity (PCI) and Band combination, and an answer label for supervised learning is created. Then, the structure of the CNN is modeled to classify K values through the image information of the measurements. The performance of the proposed technique is verified based on actual data measured in the testbed. As a result, it can be seen that the proposed technique improves the positioning performance compared to using a fixed K value.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.33-42
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• 2011

환승센터의 규모가 점차 대형화됨에 따라 대규모 환승센터에서 동적으로 이동하는 이용자의 편의를 고려한 환승정보서비스가 필요하다. 이러한 서비스는 동적으로 이동하는 이용자에게 무선통신이 가능한 개인 휴대단말기(Mobile phone, Smart phone)를 통해 환승정보제공을 가능하게 한다. 특히, Wi-Fi를 이용한 실내위치측위 기술은 실용화 단계로서 GPS와 Wi-Fi를 탑재한 Smart phone을 통해서는 실내외 위치기반 환승정보서비스가 가능하다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 환승센터에서 환승센터 내부 이용객의 위치를 기반으로 하는 환승정보의 제공과 환승활동을 지원하는 정보제공서비스를 제시하였으며, 이러한 환승정보서비스를 위해 필요한 논리/물리 아키텍처 및 물리적 구성요소의 정보흐름의 제시와 정보연계 표준화 대상을 도출하여 각 표준화 대상에 대한 정보연계 표준안을 제시하였다.

• 한국측량학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국측량학회 2004년도 춘계학술발표회논문집
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• pp.559-562
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• 2004

The methodologies to develop land use plans are divided into two different ways, top-down and bottom-up planning. The bottom-up method is more efficient and effective to detailed land use planning. However, it requires considerable amount of information about the present status of land use. Cadastral information system is one of the best information provider for the planning. Building Register Database shows the type, area, use and location of a building. Both cadastral and Building Register systems apparently contain useful information needed to the physical planning. The study focuses on developing a prototype to provide real time information for detailed physical planning by a federated database system using the two databases.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.229-236
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• 2007

Clinical therapist use neurological examination to acquire the necessary information from the patients who is neurological damaged. It is necessary to have enough neurological knowledge and clinical experience to collect useful data. Neurological disease of symptom is well correspond with anatomical location and function, therefore neurological examination is one of the powerful tool to diagnosis. These tools will be a great help to clinical therapist to evaluate the patients and helps to select most pertinent treatment approach to patients. Neurological examination can classified and evaluate with Mental Status Examination, Cranial Nerves Examination, Motor and Sensory System Examination, Reflexes, Gait and Station Evaluation, Special Maneuver. Generally, various neurological examination tools are used by therapist in clinical field. Understanding of method of Neurological examination tools and understanding of result of examination from patients's response is very important. Therefore, this research will help to understand clinical meaning by neurological examination.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2011년도 추계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.160.1-160.1
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• 2011

In this study, the influence of methodology of assessing water levels on the discharge coefficient of sluice for tidal power generation was investigated. A physical experiment was performed in a planar open channel by installing 1/70 scale model of the sluice caisson in the planar open channel. In front of and behind the sluice model, sloping bathymetry was made to reproduce corresponding field condition. By analyzing the experimental results, it was found that the location of measuring water levels significantly affects the estimates of the discharge coefficient, due to the variability of the parameter according to the head difference between the measuring locations. Therefore, it is necessary to be careful in estimating and utilizing the discharge coefficient in the relevant study of a tidal power generation.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제23권7호
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• pp.521-531
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 개선된 디지털 도파관 이론을 이용하여 산조 가야금을 물리적으로 모델링하였다. 산조 가야금의 몸통 특성은 역 필터링 방법과몸통의 임펄스응답 이용하여 구현하였다 또한 안족의 위치에 따른 기본주파수의 변화를 조사, 선분 적합성을 이용한 근사화 과정을 거쳐 단위음을 합성하는 모의 실험을 하였다. 실제 가야금을 조율하듯 안족에 의한 조율로 실제 음과 유사한 단위음 합성을 할 수 있었다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제40권9호
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• pp.191-205
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to identify the homelike design characteristics of elderly housing facility. To investigate what the preference of physical design characteristics are, interview was done by unstructured questionnaire to 30 middle aged and middle income group housewives living in Seoul. It was identified that preferred homelike physical characteristics of the houses were composed of 4 themes, housing types, building appearences and garden, floor plan and natural and social environments of its location. Their desirable housing standard was amenity which is the highest level of home environment. In their later life, they wanted to live in vicinity of Seoul to enjoy cultural benefits of the city and active outdoor activities in sunny, natural suburban environment. They liked a spacious, clean and bright color with natural material furnishings. Each architectural design expression of 4 themes was suggested.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 1997년도 추계학술대회논문집; 한국과학기술회관; 6 Nov. 1997
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• pp.244-249
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• 1997

The enclosure with a small opened area is extensively used in power plants to reduce the propagating noise from transformers. The radiation impedance associated with the location and width of the opened area, and the geometric configurations of internal acoustic field is very important to determine the basic acoustic characteristics of this partial enclosure. In this study, two-dimensional rectangular chambers with opened areas are investigated to examine the acoustic properties of the enclosure. The mode expansions of the physical variables defined on boundary surfaces are introduced to derive a simple algebraic equation. The acoustic characteristics can be easily predicted by this analytical approach, and the results well agree with physical grounds. Physical concepts as results of this work will be helpful to use the partial enclosure as a noise control element.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.305-314
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• 2009

Objectives : The physical activity of Korean adolescents and its distribution based on social characteristics have not yet been fully assessed. This study intends to reveal the distribution of physical activity by its subgroups and offer possible explanatory variables. Methods : The 3rd Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey was analyzed for this study. The appropriateness of physical activity was defined by Korea s Health Plan 2010 and physical inactivity was assessed independently. Family affluence scale, parents education levels, subjective economic status, grade, and school location were considered explanatory variables. All statistical analysis was conducted using SAS ver. 9.1. Results : The proportion of participants engaging in vigorous physical activity was high in males (41.6%), at a low grade (38.5%), within the high family affluence scale group (35.5%). The distribution of participants engaging in moderate physical activity showed similar patterns, but the overall proportion was lower (9.8%). Low family affluence and students with lower subjective economic status reported a higher prevalence of physical inactivity. In multiple logistic regression analysis for physical activity, significant factors included family affluence scale (p<0.05). For physical inactivity, family affluence scale, parents education levels, and subjective economic status were included as significant factors (p<0.05). Conclusions : The results suggest that the physical activity and inactivity of adolescents may be affected by socioeconomic variables, such as family affluence scale. This implies the need to take proper measures to address these socio-economic inequalities.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.71-78
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• 2011

Purpose : The purpose of this study found change that caused by various form and weight of bag. So we investigated how these things change the shoulder altitude and space between external acoustic pore and lateral malleolus and also plantar pressure. Method : We measured two different way for this study. One was backpack with 5, 10kg and another one was shoulder pack with same weight. Each trial was 10 seconds in duration with static stance posture. With these experiments, we checked space between plantar pressure, shoulder altitude, external acoustic pore and lateral malleolus with EMED system and GPS. We analyzed these results with PASW(SPSS) statistics 18.0. Result : In conclusion, there were no significantly differences in shoulder altitude by weight of pack, but average of plantar pressure and space between external acoustic pore and lateral malleolus was increased.