This paper is related to color image segmentation and textile texture mapping for the 2D virtual wearing system. The proposed system is characterized as virtually wearing a new textile pattern selected by user to the clothing shape section, based on its intensity difference map, segmented from a 2D clothes model image using color image segmentation technique. Regardless of color or intensity of model clothes, the proposed system is possible to virtually change the textile pattern or color with holding the illumination and shading properties of the selected clothing shape section, and also to quickly and easily simulate, compare, and select multiple textile pattern combinations for individual styles or entire outfits. The proposed system can provide higher practicality and easy-to-use interface, as it makes real-time processing possible in various digital environment, and creates comparatively natural and realistic virtual wearing styles, and also makes semi-automatic processing possible to reduce the manual works to a minimum. According to the proposed system, it can motivate the creative activity of the designers with simulation results on the effect of textile pattern design on the appearance of clothes without manufacturing physical clothes and, as it can help the purchasers for decision-making with them, promote B2B or B2C e-commerce.
Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
/
v.38
no.4
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pp.64-74
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2010
The study is based on an urban park design that is designed in consideration of the characteristics of Uijeongbu City, applied with adequate functions for the environment and showcasing the unique scenery in relation to the relocation of the US Air Force Camp Falling Water. The bases of the design are: the reasonable convergence of the square and park in consideration of the site characteristics; the application of an urban context as the park is located near a station; and the realization of an eco-friendly space. This study is based on foundation research regarding a review of urban square patterns, particular items in planning in relation to modern urban parks and the adaptability of the park in the future. Regarding space usage, the design is applied with notable ideas that allow the space to make its own characteristics through voluntary user activity in conjunction with the environment that will allow the park to cope with changes in the future, as opposed to a space that users experience through pre-determined programs. Below are the focal points of the design. First, the park is designed as an empty space which may accommodate the urban structural context of and usage patterns for being a field of the city ecology that changes and develops, beyond a passively-created square pattern. Such open spaces have a continuity which allows it to adapt to the development of the city. In addition, the design facilitates spontaneous processes through changes in usage pattern and time. Second, the design includes the message that the park and the city, natural things and artificial things, must communicate and network with each other. Hence the park shall not be an isolated green island within the city, but is an open space accommodating the demands for open area from nearby commercial, public and residential facilities; the park shall include a field that can accommodate a variety of programs. Third, the park is designed to encourage the effect of direct and indirect practical education by reflecting a physical plan as well as interesting experience design methods to lower carbon emissions and to create and maintain an eco-friendly space, the basis of a zero-emissions city.
Kim, bo-mi;Son, Yong-Hoon;Lee, Dong-Kun;Lee, Hyun-Jin
Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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v.47
no.3
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pp.1-11
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2019
The purpose of this study is to propose a sustainable village-unit urban regeneration plan for the Ewha Mural Village, where mural artists recovered concrete fences to be followed by some residents damaging the mural paintings. Through a review of the existing literature and a preliminary survey, we derived the urban regeneration factors (environmental sustainability, economic sustainability, and social sustainability) applicable at the village level. After an empirical survey on the residents, we tried to identify various problems of the Ewha Mural Village. Residents selected the factors of accessibility, parking management, diversity of industries, creation of new jobs, community participation of residents for the mural village's activation, and stable living spaces. In the case of Ewha Mural Village, physical environment factors for the residents at the time of construction were not considered and the village was mainly planned using budget-based murals. Since then, the inequality of economic benefits intensified the conflicts among the residents. In addition, public benefits, such as establishing new industries and employing outsiders, were not provided, and these facts appear to have led to an unsustainable murals village, in which the murals that are the protagonists of the village revitalization are being destroyed. Therefore, the urban regeneration of Ewha Mural Village should be designed considering a region where some residential areas can be transformed into tourist areas. In addition, it is essential to employ a win-win method to improve the living environment, such as road maintenance, not only partial economic benefits, such as increased land-value, and to increase resident's value as a common asset within the village itself.
The physico-chemical properties of ten reclaimed saline soils in five soil series of west-south Korea were analyzed according to the years past after reclamation. The soil samples were collected at the same sites two times in 2000 and 2004. The physico-chemical properties in 2000 had been changed in 2004 as follows. Soil salinity was the highest in Podu and desalinization period was the shortest in Munpo and Yeompo. Seasonal ground water level were above 100 cm in all regions that were 30 years old reclaimed tidal land, which was the same results of normal paddy field. In the case of soil physical changes, bulk density increased in fine textured soil (Poseung and Podu) but decreased in coarse textured soil (Gwanghwal, Munpo, and Yeompo). Porosity decreased in fine textured soil(Poseung and Podu) but increased in coarse textured soil. These reason were as follows. Fine textured soil were increased in solid phase but decreased in liquid and gaseous phase. Coarse textured soil, Gwanghwal and Munpo except for Yempo, were increased in gaseous phase but decreased in solid and liquid phase. Yempo that have low water table level were increased in liquid phase but decreased in solid and gaseous phase. Soil hardness increased in 4 soil series except for Munpo. In the case of chemical property changes, although there were more or less difference, it showed decreasing tendencies. Soil pH, the content of organic matter, available phosphate, and available silicate of five soil series were decreased during the four years. The content of exchangeable cation also decreased except for magnesium.
Flash memory has been attracting attention as the next mass storage media for mobile computing systems such as notebook computers and UMPC(Ultra Mobile PC)s due to its low power consumption, high shock and vibration resistance, and small size. A storage system with flash memory excels in random read, sequential read, and sequential write. However, it comes short in random write because of flash memory's physical inability to overwrite data, unless first erased. To overcome this shortcoming, we propose an SSD(Solid State Disk) architecture with two novel features. First, we utilize non-volatile FRAM(Ferroelectric RAM) in conjunction with NAND flash memory, and produce a synergy of FRAM's fast access speed and ability to overwrite, and NAND flash memory's low and affordable price. Second, the architecture categorizes host write requests into small random writes and large sequential writes, and processes them with two different buffer management, optimized for each type of write request. This scheme has been implemented into an SSD prototype and evaluated with a standard PC environment benchmark. The result reveals that our architecture outperforms conventional HDD and other commercial SSDs by more than three times in the throughput for random access workloads.
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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v.14
no.1
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pp.506-510
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2013
This study aimed to understand relationship between potential risky species and environmental factors at ports in Korea. During the study periods, 25 potential risky species (red tide and toxic species) representing 20 red-tide species, 5 toxic species were observed in the all ports. Skeletonema costatum (red-tide species) was predominated in all study area. This species showed positive correlation with pH, while negative correlation with dissolved oxygen (p<0.05) at Busan port. Also, this species showed positive correlation with total suspended solids and pH (p<0.05) at Ulsan port. However, Sk. costatum showed positive correlation with nitrate at Incheon port (p<0.01). Pseudo-nitzschia spp. producing amnesic shellfish poison (domoic acid) showed positive correlation with nitrate and silicate in all study areas (p<0.05). Alexandrium spp. (paralytic shellfish poison) and Dinophysis acuminata (diarrhetic shellfish poison) were affected by chemical oxygen demand (p<0.01). Our results indicated that red-tide species were affected by physical factors, while chemical factors affected toxic species.
The purpose of this study is firstly to understand socio-demographic and health characteristics and economic characteristics of elderly single households aged over 60 and secondly to examine the relations between these factors and level of life satisfaction, especially differentiated relations by income level. We used the data drawn from third KREIS (Korean Retirement and Income Study) surveyed by National Pension Research Institute. The statistical methods used for the analyses were t-test, X2, multiple regression analysis. For the whole sample, the results showed that the life satisfaction is positively related to higher income, better physical and emotional health status and having a religion. When we conducted the regression on two groups, the religion and income level were no longer significant factors. On the other hand, being a woman and enjoying good health contributed to life satisfaction for lower-income group while having a job and enjoying good health played a positive role in life satisfaction for higher-income group.
Kim, Choonsig;Lim, Jong-Taek;Cho, Hyun-Seo;Goo, Gwan-Hyo
Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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v.96
no.1
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pp.89-95
/
2007
This study was carried out to evaluate soil properties by regions from chestnut (Castanea crenata Sieb. et Zucc) stands in Gyeongnam province. Soil physical and chemical properties were measured from soil samples of top 20 em collected from three hillslopes (upper, middle, lower) of the chestnut stands in six regions (Jinjusi, Sacheonsi, Sancheonggun, Hadonggun, Goseonggun, Hapcheongun) where are major chestnut cultivation areas throughout the province. Soil properties were significantly different among regions (p<0.05), while were not significantly different among hillslopes (p>0.05). Soil bulk density, soil pore space, soil pH, organic matter content, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, and CEC were significantly different among regions (p<0.05). Soil bulk density was significantly lower (p<0.05) in Hadonggun ($0.96g/cm^3$ than in other regions ($1.12{\sim}1.22g/cm^3$). Soil pH was below pH 5.03 in most regions and Sancheonggun showed the lowest soil pH value (pH 4.62), followed by Jinjusi, Hadonggun, Hapcheongtm, Goseonggun, and Sacheonsi. Organic matter content was highest in Hadonggun (6.46%), while other regions ranged between 2.93% and 3.47%. Total nitrogen content showed a similar trend like the organic matter content. Available phosphorus was above 100 ppm in Jinjusi, Hadonggun and Sancheonggun, but Sacheonsi showed the lowest concentration (15 ppm) among the regions. Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) was above 10 cmolc/kg in Goseonggun and Hadonggun, but below 8.6 cmolc/kg in Jinjusi and Hapcheongtm. Potassium content ranged between 0.07 and 0.14 cmolc/kg, and magnesium was above 0.66 cmolc/kg in all regions. The results indicate that soil property in chestnut stands was different among regions in Gyeongnam province. This suggested that the chestnut stands should be managed by the fertilization application reflected in the variability of regional soil property in chestnut stands.
This article provides training exercises for executives into interpreting subroutine maps of executives' thinking in processing business and industrial marketing problems and opportunities. This study builds on premises that Schank proposes about learning and teaching including (1) learning occurs by experiencing and the best instruction offers learners opportunities to distill their knowledge and skills from interactive stories in the form of goal.based scenarios, team projects, and understanding stories from experts. Also, (2) telling does not lead to learning because learning requires action-training environments should emphasize active engagement with stories, cases, and projects. Each training case study includes executive exposure to decision system analysis (DSA). The training case requires the executive to write a "Briefing Report" of a DSA map. Instructions to the executive trainee in writing the briefing report include coverage in the briefing report of (1) details of the essence of the DSA map and (2) a statement of warnings and opportunities that the executive map reader interprets within the DSA map. The length maximum for a briefing report is 500 words-an arbitrary rule that works well in executive training programs. Following this introduction, section two of the article briefly summarizes relevant literature on how humans think within contexts in response to problems and opportunities. Section three illustrates the creation and interpreting of DSA maps using a training exercise in pricing a chemical product to different OEM (original equipment manufacturer) customers. Section four presents a training exercise in pricing decisions by a petroleum manufacturing firm. Section five presents a training exercise in marketing strategies by an office furniture distributer along with buying strategies by business customers. Each of the three training exercises is based on research into information processing and decision making of executives operating in marketing contexts. Section six concludes the article with suggestions for use of this training case and for developing additional training cases for honing executives' decision-making skills. Todd and Gigerenzer propose that humans use simple heuristics because they enable adaptive behavior by exploiting the structure of information in natural decision environments. "Simplicity is a virtue, rather than a curse". Bounded rationality theorists emphasize the centrality of Simon's proposition, "Human rational behavior is shaped by a scissors whose blades are the structure of the task environments and the computational capabilities of the actor". Gigerenzer's view is relevant to Simon's environmental blade and to the environmental structures in the three cases in this article, "The term environment, here, does not refer to a description of the total physical and biological environment, but only to that part important to an organism, given its needs and goals." The present article directs attention to research that combines reports on the structure of task environments with the use of adaptive toolbox heuristics of actors. The DSA mapping approach here concerns the match between strategy and an environment-the development and understanding of ecological rationality theory. Aspiration adaptation theory is central to this approach. Aspiration adaptation theory models decision making as a multi-goal problem without aggregation of the goals into a complete preference order over all decision alternatives. The three case studies in this article permit the learner to apply propositions in aspiration level rules in reaching a decision. Aspiration adaptation takes the form of a sequence of adjustment steps. An adjustment step shifts the current aspiration level to a neighboring point on an aspiration grid by a change in only one goal variable. An upward adjustment step is an increase and a downward adjustment step is a decrease of a goal variable. Creating and using aspiration adaptation levels is integral to bounded rationality theory. The present article increases understanding and expertise of both aspiration adaptation and bounded rationality theories by providing learner experiences and practice in using propositions in both theories. Practice in ranking CTSs and writing TOP gists from DSA maps serves to clarify and deepen Selten's view, "Clearly, aspiration adaptation must enter the picture as an integrated part of the search for a solution." The body of "direct research" by Mintzberg, Gladwin's ethnographic decision tree modeling, and Huff's work on mapping strategic thought are suggestions on where to look for research that considers both the structure of the environment and the computational capabilities of the actors making decisions in these environments. Such research on bounded rationality permits both further development of theory in how and why decisions are made in real life and the development of learning exercises in the use of heuristics occurring in natural environments. The exercises in the present article encourage learning skills and principles of using fast and frugal heuristics in contexts of their intended use. The exercises respond to Schank's wisdom, "In a deep sense, education isn't about knowledge or getting students to know what has happened. It is about getting them to feel what has happened. This is not easy to do. Education, as it is in schools today, is emotionless. This is a huge problem." The three cases and accompanying set of exercise questions adhere to Schank's view, "Processes are best taught by actually engaging in them, which can often mean, for mental processing, active discussion."
Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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2023.04a
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pp.7-7
/
2023
Currently, the main technologies of various fourth industries are big data, the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, blockchain, mixed reality (MR), and drones. In particular, "digital twin," which has recently become a global technological trend, is a concept of a virtual model that is expressed equally in physical objects and computers. By creating and simulating a Digital twin of software-virtualized assets instead of real physical assets, accurate information about the characteristics of real farming (current state, agricultural productivity, agricultural work scenarios, etc.) can be obtained. This study aims to streamline agricultural work through automatic water management, remote growth forecasting, drone control, and pest forecasting through the operation of an integrated control system by constructing digital twin data on the main production area of the nojinot industry and designing and building a smart farm complex. In addition, it aims to distribute digital environmental control agriculture in Korea that can reduce labor and improve crop productivity by minimizing environmental load through the use of appropriate amounts of fertilizers and pesticides through big data analysis. These open-field agricultural technologies can reduce labor through digital farming and cultivation management, optimize water use and prevent soil pollution in preparation for climate change, and quantitative growth management of open-field crops by securing digital data for the national cultivation environment. It is also a way to directly implement carbon-neutral RED++ activities by improving agricultural productivity. The analysis and prediction of growth status through the acquisition of the acquired high-precision and high-definition image-based crop growth data are very effective in digital farming work management. The Southern Crop Department of the National Institute of Food Science conducted research and development on various types of open-field agricultural smart farms such as underground point and underground drainage. In particular, from this year, commercialization is underway in earnest through the establishment of smart farm facilities and technology distribution for agricultural technology complexes across the country. In this study, we would like to describe the case of establishing the agricultural field that combines digital twin technology and open-field agricultural smart farm technology and future utilization plans.
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