• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.401-418
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to examine philosophical views on science of two influential curriculum documents, AAAS' s Benchmarks for Scientific Literacy (Benchmark) and NRC's National Science Education Standards (Standard), and to get educational implications about a desired philosophical view on science at a school science level. In order to determine the philosophical views on science explicitly suggested in the documents, Soh's Philosophical Perspectives Probe (PPP) was used as a framework for analysis. Forty preservice teachers reviewed the documents, extracting paragraphs with which statements of the PPP' s questions would agree. The results of the study were as follows: First, the Benchmark's philosophical view on science corresponds to the borderline between inductivism and eclecticism, or eclecticism close to falsificationism. The philosophical positions by the PPP' s themes are very different. Second, the Standard's philosophical position on science corresponds to inductivism close to eclecticism. Its philosophical position by the themes of the PPP is very different like the Benchmark. These results indicate that philosophical positions of the documents are more complex than popular conceptions would have it. That is to say, the results suggest that the science curriculum documents hold not only a contemporary philosophical view on science but also a traditional view on science, and that the philosophical positions on science are different from each other by documents and even by the PPP's themes in the same document. The results suggest that the philosophical views on science in school science contexts need to be adjusted and presented to K-12 students according to topics related to philosophy of science.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.234-240
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• 2004

이 연구의 목적은 고등학생들의 과학철학적 관점을 조사하고, 해석적인 서술방식의 과학 읽기 자료가 고등학생들의 과학철학적 관점에 영향을 미치는가를 조사하는 것이다. 대전광역시의 일반계 고등학교 여학생 4개 학급을 2개 학급씩 각각 실험, 통제 집단으로 선정하였다. 기존의 교과서에 나타난 확정적인 서술방식과는 다른 해석적인 서술방식의 과학 읽기 자료를 12주 36차시 분량을 개발했다. 과학 읽기 자료는 매 시간 10분에 걸쳐 투입되었으며, 자료의 이해를 돕기 위해 2개의 질문에 응답하도록 하였다. 과학철학적 관점을 검사하는 도구로는 PPP (Philosophic외 Perspectives Prove)를 이용하였다. 고등학생들의 과학철학적 관점은 귀납주의적으로 편중되어 있었으며, 해석적인 서술방식으로 개발된 36차시 분량의 과학 읽기 자료를 학생들에게 처치한 결과, 학생들의 편중된 귀납주의적인 과학철학적 관점을 변화시키는 데 효과가 있었다. 또한 24차시를 처치한 선행연구에서 변화된 관점이 어느 정도 회귀되었던 것과는 다르게 변화된 관점이 지속되었다.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.91-101
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to find out how to be pursued elementary teachers' science instruction according to their understanding toward science. Sixty elementary teachers were involved in the questionnaire, investigating understanding on the nature of science and the science teaching. Two elementary teachers' science classes are observed. Their instructional objectives were analyzed. And their understanding toward science was measured. Teacher A had consistent modern philosophical views of science on the nature of science and science teaching, and teacher B had not consistency Klopfer's science educational objectives category was used to analyse instructional objective. The ideal proportions of the instructional objectives of the observed classes were established from science education specialist group. You ideality index was calculated. You ideality index indicate how far from the ideal proportions of the instructional objectives the observed instruction is. Relative proportions of instructional objectives appeared in science classes were compared with ideal instructional objectives. Instructional objectives containing the modem views appearing classes observed were compared according to teachers' understanding toward science. As results, teachers' understanding toward science showed lack of consistency, which is consisted of modern philosophical view of science on science teaching: modem and classical philosophical view of science on nature of science. Teacher A's instruction was approached more closely to the ideal proportions of the instructional objectives, showing fewer You ideality index. Instructional objectives containing the modern views are more appeared and closer to ideal proportions in teacher A's classes than in teacher B's. A teacher having modern understanding on nature of science would instruct science with modern scientific philosophical perspectives. Therefore teacher preparation programs should include more contents about modern philosophical understanding on the nature of science.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.678-688
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• 2005

The main objective of this study was to investigate Korean university students' understanding of the structure of the atom based on a Lakatosian view. In this study, we examined twenty-three Korean university students' understandings of atomic structure using an open-ended questionnaire. The participants were all junior students majoring in chemistry education in Korea. The characteristics of students' understanding were categorized into three philosophical stances based on the classification criteria. Assertions were constructed concerning students' written descriptions of the development of scientific knowledge with respect to atomic structure: (a) characteristics of positivist response; (b) characteristics of transitional response; (c) characteristics of Lakatosian response; and (d) tendencies in students' responses.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.397-405
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• 2002

본 연구의 목적은 과학영재들의 과학 지식에 대한 과학철학적 관점을 조사하고, 토론과 읽기 활동에 따른 관점의 변화 양상을 분석하는 것이다. 이를 위해 과학영재 교육프로그램에 참가하는 중학교 2학년 10명을 연구대상으로 선정하였으며, 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 활동 전 학생들의 과학 지식에 대한 관점은 상대주의(n=2), 반증주의(n=2), 상대주의와 절충주의의 경계(n=1), 반증주의와 절충주의의 경계(n=3), 상대주의, 반증주의 및 절충주의의 경계(n=1), 귀납주의와 절충주의의 경계(n=1)에 위치하는 것으로 나타났다. 이 결과는 대부분의 학생들이 과학 지식에 대한 현대적인 과학철학적 관점을 가지고 있음을 의미한다. 둘째, 토론 및 읽기 활동이 학생들의 과학 지식에 대한 관점의 변화에 영향을 미치기는 하였지만, 일부 문항들에서 귀납주의 항목을 선택했던 학생들은 토론과 읽기 활동에도 불구하고 지속적으로 같은 응답을 유지하는 견고성을 보였다. 이는 전통적 과학철학 관점에서 현대적 과학철학 관점으로의 변화가 용이하지 않음을 시사하는 한 예이다.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.681-694
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• 2019

This study intends to delineate the characteristics of various perspectives on the nature of science (NOS) through the textbook analysis. Thus, centering on a science textbook called Science Laboratory Experiments, this study analyzes the elements of the NOS from three different perspectives: the consensus view, features of science (FOS), and family resemblance approach (FRA). While the consensus view highlights the similar elements of the NOS across the topics, the FOS is concerned about empirical ways for doing science. The FRA rather focuses on socio-cultural aspects of science activities. While the consensus view is useful to reify the features of the NOS, the FRA helps to understand science from various viewpoints. Regarding the philosophical account for three perspectives, all of them are ambiguous to some extent. The consensus view holds contradictory dispositions e.g., relativism vs. (post-)positivism, and critical realism and instrumentalism. The FOS supports empirical tradition but cannot effectively cope with the anomalous situation. The FRA is useful to show up the ways of science in both microscopic (personal) and macroscopic (social) viewpoints. However, the broader concept about science may mislead understanding of the NOS. Consequently, this study provides some implication for improving the framework of the NOS and teaching the NOS in the classroom.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.15-26
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• 2005

1. Objectives The pesent study purposed to examine Dongmu Lee Je-Ma's Sasang philosophy from the viewpoint of Che-Yong relation and to understand the effect of Che-Yong relation on Dongmu philosophy. 2. Methods First, we briefly compared the concept of Che-Yong relation in Jeongju philosophy, which has a dualistic philosophical structure, with the concept of Han Suk-Ji's harmonious Che-Yong relation, which has a monistic philosophical struaure and, based on rhe result, analyzed the characteristics of rhe concept of Che-Yong in Dongmu philosophy focused on Seongmyeong rheory, Sadan rheory and Hwakchung theory in ${\ulcorner}$Dongyi Suse Bowon${\lrcorner}$. 3 Results and Conclusions Jeongju philosophy is different from Dongmu philosophy in irs philosophical struaure characterized by Che-Yong relation, and the concept of Che-Yong in Dongmu philosophy forms the characteristics of Han Suk-ji's monistic harmonious Ole- Y ong relation. This produces results as follows. (1) Form a universal view of human beings centering of man's autonomous will and possibility. (2) Have a philosophical structure understood nor as a partial thought but as a total thought. (3) Assert that man has a good nature fundamentally and is obliged to practice goodness. (4) Assume that all human beings are equal. (5) It is assumed that the structural characteristics of harmonious Che-Yong relation in Dongmu philosophy can be the ground of definition of Silhak (practical science) in Oriental philosophy. It can be said that the realities of the universe and human beings can be discussed in philosophical structure with the logic of harmonious Che-Yong relation based on the unity of time and space. The philosophical logic based on the tealities can be defined as Silhak.

• 농촌계획
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.33-42
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• 2009

This study is aimed at the necessity application in 'Prototype' general concept on discovering cultural identity landscape of our national characteristics landscape research. Accordingly, It is considered landscape, fundamental concept, the prototypal landscape concept from previously researches that have been used. At the same time, the concept of prototypal landscape has been established by commenting a point of view which is defining previous researches that controverted prototypal landscape, then establish concept of prototypal landscape and derive attribute by comparing and considering similar terminology of prototypal landscape. Previously, research prototypal landscape in depth by applying defined concept of prototypal landscape and considering inherence ideological and environmental background prototypal figure and structure. Formation pattern of the prototypal landscape is classified in both philosophical formative primary factor from philosophy, religion and environmental formative factor of human that accumulated cultural life from a region and life. Examples of forming the prototypal landscape by philosophical formative factor are classified as 'Feng-Shui(the theory of divination based on topography)', 'Yin-Yang theory', 'Confucian idea theory' 'Philosophical Taoism', 'Buddhism theory' and 'Nature theory' then environmental formative factor are interpreted by 'Taekliji(determining of advantageous land)', 'Imwon(forest) economical geography', 'land use', 'topography' and 'terrain' as examples. This study is anticipating a new point of view and an establishment of reliable preservation to our characteristic of the prototypal landscape by considering concept of prototypal landscape and formative factor as studying limits of prototypal landscape and researching concentrated origination of the prototype.

• 한국수학사학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.327-343
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• 2020

This study investigate philosophical discussions related to the Zeno's paradoxes in order to derive the mathematics educational implications. The paradox of Zeno's motion is sometimes explained by the calculus theories. However, various philosophical discussions show that the resolution of Zeno's paradox by calculus is not a real solution, and the concept of a continuum which is composed of points and the real number continuum may not coincide with the physical space and time. This is supported by the fact that the hyperreal number system of nonstandard analysis could be another model of a straight line or time and that an alternative explanation of Zeno's paradox was possible by the hyperreal number system. The existence of two different theories of the continuum suggests that teachers and students may not have the same view of the continuum. It is also suggested that the real world model used in school mathematics may not necessarily match the student's intuition or mathematical practice, and that the real world application of mathematics theory should be emphasized in education as a kind of 'correspondence.'

• 철학연구
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• 제126권
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• pp.321-343
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• 2013

종교개혁은 근대철학과는 무관한 듯 보이지만 실상은 근대철학과 밀접한 연관을 갖고 있다. 철학적으로 볼 때, 종교개혁은 두 가지 면에서 근대철학의 형성에 지대한 영향을 미쳤다. 종교개혁의 기본원리인 신적 이성에 대한 신적 의지의 우위를 강조하는 주의주의는 교회의 전승을 무시한 채 '오직 믿음으로'를 강조함으로써 성서와 교리에 대한 자의적 해석을 허용하게 되었다. 이로 인해 극심한 종교적 분쟁이 야기되었고 근대지성인들은 이를 종식시킬 수 있는 방안으로 이른바 보편종교라 할 수 있는 이신론과 자연종교를 추구하게 되었다. 또한 주의주의는 자연에 대한 탐구에 있어 종래의 사변적 탐구를 탈피해 관찰과 실험에 근거한 실험적 탐구에 나서게 함으로써 인간 본성에 대한 실험적 탐구인 실험철학(경험론)의 단초를 제공하였다. 요컨대 종교개혁은 한편에서는 보편종교의 추구를 그리고 다른 한편에서는 실험철학의 출현을 가져왔다고 할 수 있다. 보편종교란 행동과 실천의 근거가 되는 신비적 종교가 아니라 단순히 과학적 탐구를 위한 근거가 되는 세계관에 불과한 것이기에 보편종교를 추구한 철학은 '과학을 위한 철학'이었다. 또한 실험철학은 실험과 관찰을 통해 인간본능을 탐구한 이른바 인간학이란 점에서 '과학에 의한 철학'이었다. 결국 종교개혁은 과거 철학의 안방을 차지하고 있던 종교를 쫓아내고 그 자리에 과학을 앉힌 것이다.