• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제26권12호
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• pp.1375-1387
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• 2017

In order to investigate the $PM_{10}$ concentration trend and its characteristics over five different sub area in Busan from 2013 to 2015, data analysis with considering air flow distribution according to its topography was carried out using statistical methodology. The annual mean concentrations of $PM_{10}$ in Busan tend to decrease from $49.6{\mu}g/m^3$ in 2013 to $46.9{\mu}g/m^3$ in 2015. The monthly mean concentrations value of $PM_{10}$ were high during spring season, from March to May, and low during summer and fall due to frequent rain events. The concentration of $PM_{10}$ was the highest in five different sub-area in Busan. High concentration episodes over 90 percentile of daily $PM_{10}$ concentration were strongly associated with mean daily wind speed, and often occurred when the westerly wind or southwesterly wind were dominant. Regardless of wind direction, the highest correlation of $PM_{10}$ concentrations was observed between eastern and southern regions, which were geographically close to each other, and the lowest in the western and eastern regions blocked by mountains. Wind flow along the complex terrain in Busan is also one of the predominant factors to understand the temporal variation of $PM_{10}$ concentrations.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.328-333
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• 2012

This study was performed to investigate the differences in food choice, nutrition labeling perceptions, and prevalence of obesity due to meal skipping in Korean elementary school children. A national survey was performed in 2010 to collect data on food intake frequency, understanding of nutrition labeling, and body mass index from 2,335 fifth grade students in 118 elementary schools selected from 16 metropolitan local governments by stratified cluster sampling. The data were analyzed using the SAS 9.1 and SUDAAN 10.0 packages. Students who consumed three meals for 6-7 days during the past week were classified into the regular meal eating (RM) group (n = 1,476) and those who did not were placed into the meal skipping (MS) group (n = 859). The daily intake frequency of fruits, vegetables, kimchi, and milk was significantly lower in the MS group compared to that in the RM group (P < 0.001), whereas the daily intake frequency of soft drinks and instant noodles (ramyeon) was significantly higher in the MS group than that in the RM group (P < 0.05). The MS group demonstrated a significantly lower degree of understanding with regard to nutrition labeling and high calorie foods containing low nutritional value than that in the RM group. The distribution of obesity based on the percentile criteria using the Korean growth chart was different between the MS and RM groups. The MS group (8.97%) had a higher percentage of obese subjects than that in the RM group (5.38%). In conclusion, meal skipping was related to poor food choice, low perception of nutrition labeling, and a high prevalence of obesity in Korean fifth grade children.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2017

The performance of a modeling system consisting of WRF model v3.3 and CMAQ model v4.7.1 for forecasting $PM_{2.5}$ concentrations were evaluated during the period May 2012 through December 2014. Twenty-four hour averages of $PM_{2.5}$ and its major components obtained through filter sampling at the Bulgwang intensive measurement station were used for comparison. The mean predicted $PM_{2.5}$ concentration over the entire period was 68% of the mean measured value. Predicted concentrations for major components were underestimated except for $NO_3{^-}$. The model performance for $PM_{2.5}$ generally tended to degrade with increasing the concentration level. However, the mean fractional bias (MFB) for high concentration above the $80^{th}$ percentile fell within the criteria, the level of accuracy acceptable for standard model applications. Among three bias correction methods, the ratio adjustment was generally most effective in improving the performance. Albeit for limited test conditions, this analysis demonstrated that the effects of bias correction were larger when using the data with a larger bias of predicted values from measurement values.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.396-402
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• 2010

Objectives: Self-reported anthropometric values, such as height and weight, are used to calculate body mass index (BMI) and assess the prevalence of obesity among adolescents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the validity of selfreported height, weight, and BMI of the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey questionnaire. Methods: A convenience sample of 137 middle school students and 242 high school students completed a selfadministered questionnaire in 2008. Body height and weight were directly measured after self-reported values were obtained from the questionnaire survey. Sensitivity, specificity, and kappa statistics were computed in order to evaluate the validity of the prevalence of obesity (BMI $\geq$ 95th percentile or $\geq$ $25;kg/$m^2$) based on self-reported data. Results: Self-reported weight and BMI tended to be underestimated. Self-reported height tended to be overestimated among middle school females and high school males. Obese adolescents tended to underestimate their weight and BMI and overestimate their height more than non-obese adolescents. The prevalence estimate of obesity based on selfreported data (10.6%) was lower than that based on directly measured data (15.3%). The estimated sensitivity of obesity based on self-reported data was 69.0% and the specificity was 100.0%. The value of kappa was 0.79 (95% confidence interval, 0.70 - 0.88). Conclusions: This study demonstrated that self-reported height and weight may lead to the underestimation of BMI and consequently the prevalence of obesity. These biases should be taken into account when self-reported data are used for monitoring the prevalence and trends of obesity among adolescents nationwide.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.67-78
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 30명의 피실험자를 대상으로 운전자의 운전부하 특성을 분석하였다. 설계운전자의 심리생리적 특성을 파악하고자 뇌의 후두엽부위 뇌파신호를 이용하여 시뮬레이션 실험과 현장주행 실험을 수행하였다. 본 연구를 통해 다음과 같은 결론을 도출하였다. 첫째, 운전자의 생체신호(뇌파)를 이용하여 설계운전자의 특성을 표현할 수 있었다. 둘째, 설계운전자의 운전부하 설명변수로는 베타파 값과 상대에너지 계수 값이 통계적으로 유의하였다. 셋째, 시뮬레이터 주행실험치의 90퍼센타 일 범위값이 설계운전자의 특성으로 적정한 것으로 분석되었다. 넷째, 실제 도로주행상황에서, 설계운전자의 최대 각성값은 베타파의 경우 31.72이며, 상대에너지계수 지표의 경우 1.296으로 분석되었다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제60권4호
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• pp.73-82
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• 2018

In this study, we assessed meteorological and agricultural drought based on the SPI(Standardized Precipitation Index), SMP(Soil Moisture Percentile), and SMDI(Soil Moisture Deficit Index) indices using satellite-based TRMM(Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission)/GPM(Global Precipitation Measurement) images at the province of Chungcheongbuk-do. The long-term(2000-2015) TRMM/GPM precipitation data were used to estimate the SPI values. Then, we estimated the spatially-/temporally-distributed soil moisture values based on the near-surface soil moisture data assimilation scheme using the TRMM/GPM and MODIS(MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) images. Overall, the SPI value was significantly affected by the precipitation at the study region, while both the precipitation and land surface condition have influences on the SMP and SMDI values. But the SMP index showed the relatively extreme wet/dry conditions compared to SPI and SMDI, because SMP only calculates the percentage of current wetness condition without considering the impacts of past wetness condition. Considering that different drought indices have their own advantages and disadvantages, the SMDI index could be useful for evaluating agricultural drought and establishing efficient water management plans.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.1-21
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• 2007

본 연구는 전래동화를 이용하여 유아의 공평성 추론 향상 프로그램을 개발하기 위한 기초자료를 수집하기 위하여 수행되었다. 전래동화는 유아교육의 중요매체이며, 부모와 유아교사는 유아에게 전래동화를 선택하고 들려줌으로써 유아에게 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 따라서 유아의 부모와 유아교사가 공평성을 다룬 전래동화에 대해 어떻게 평가하는 지를 파악하고자 하였다. 240명의 부모와 78명의 유아교사를 대상으로 6편의 공평성을 다룬 전래동화에 대한 평가를 조사한 결과, 일부 공평성을 다룬 전래동화에 대해 유아에게 유익한지와 가치관형성에 적합한지에 대해서 부모의 평가가 유아교사의 평가보다 높았지만, 전반적으로는 부모와 유아교사의 공평성을 다룬 전래동화에 대한 평가가 일치하는 편이었다. 이는 공평성을 다룬 전래동화가 유아의 공평성 추론 향상 프로그램에 사용될 수 있음을 시사한다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.527-533
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to validate waist circumference (WC) and waist to hip ratio (WHR) corresponding to body mass index (BMI) of $25kg/m^2$ and to survey the prevalence of hypertension according to obesity in female college students. Method: Weight, height, waist and hip circumferences and blood pressure were measured for each of 286 female college students in J City, Chungbuk. Results: The subjects' mean BMI was $21.4kg/m^2$, and the estimated prevalence of obesity was 11.2%. The subjects, the 80th-90th percentile of whom had BMI exceeding $25kg/m^2$, were found to have WC of 75-78.1 cm and WHR of 0.79-0.80, respectively. Of the subjects with obesity($BMI{\geq}25kg/m^2$), 53.1% exhibited abdominal obesity ($WC{\geq}80cm$) and 40.6% had WHR over 0.80. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were correlated with BMI, WC, and WHR. The prevalence rate of hypertension in subjects with obesity($BMI{\geq}25kg/m^2$) was 25%. Additionally, the prevalence rate of hypertension in subjects with abdominal obesity ($WC{\geq}80cm$) was 39.1%. Conclusions: Our study indicates that WC corresponding to BMI of $25kg/m^2$ in female subjects in their twenties is different from that of adult women. We also found that the prevalence rate of hypertension in subjects with abdominal obesity was high. Therefore. we suggest further studies to determine the cutoff value of WC for evaluating abdominal obesity and to investigate the long-term effects of obesity on women in their twenties.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.55-68
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• 2010

본 연구는 디지털시대의 창업가 육성을 목적으로 대학생들을 대상으로 한 발명창업교육 프로그램의 중요도와 필요도를 규명하고 발명교육프로그램의 타당성을 분석하고자 수행되었다. 연구는 창업과정에서 요구되는 발명교육 프로그램의 발전방향을 제안하고자 한다. 본 연구의 표본은 125명의 대학생이며, 5명의 발명창업 기업가가 참여하였다. 중요연구결과는 다음과 같다 발명창업교육의 분야는 발명개념의 이해, 발명과 경영, 발명과 창의성, 발명과 특허, 그리고 발명실습의 5 가지 영역으로 구분되었다. 대학생들의 인지한 발명교육내용의 평균값은 발명과 경영, 발명실습, 발명과 창의성, 발명개념과 발명과 특허의 순서로 나타났다. 그러나 발명사업가들에게는 발명과 특허, 발명과 경영, 창의성, 발명실습과 발명개념의 순서로 나타났다. 발명교육내용의 필요도 분석에서는 발명과 경영, 발명실습이 타 영역보다 높은 순서로 나타났다. 본 연구는 창업을 위한 발명교육내용이 발명과 경영 부분을 강화해야 하며, 특허부분에서는 학생들이 관심을 가지고 쉽게 경험을 통해 참여할 수 있는 내용전개의 필요성을 제시하고 있다.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.177-196
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• 1997

This study was undertaken to explore the antecedent factors and process of the treatment-seeking behaviors of medical and alternative treatments in patients with arthritis using methodological triangulation. The data were collected from 995 arthritic patients who were registered either in a center of rheumatology for medical treatment or residents of community having no treatment to classify different treatment patterns. Sixteen patients with various types of treatment only, alternative treatment only, and no treatment were selected among the total samples to identify the antecedent factors through in-depth interview. The quantitative data were analyzed by percentile, t-test, chi-square test and discrimant analysis using SAS PC program, while the qualitative data were analyzed by means of grounded theory methodology. Treatment-seeking behaviors of patients change from the early stage to the sick-role stage. At the early stage, initial characteristics of pain and acculturation of medical professionalism affect the choice of treatment patterns. The acculturation of medical professionalism is affected by health care accessibility, level of education, duration of sickness and lay referral system. At the sick-role stage, lay referral system and acculturation of medical professionalism affect the choice of treatment patterns. The acculturation of medical professionalism is affected by characteristics of symtoms, perceived treatment effects, perceived causes of diseases and socio-economic status as well as health care accessibility, level of education and lay referral system. In conclusion, different factors as well as common factors are influencing the treatment-seeking behaviors depending on the disease and treatment stages. More detailed further studies are required to explore the value system or medical acculturation of patients which is one of the most important factors in decision-making about treatment modalities.