• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.247-266
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• 2005

Subjects of this study were 621 children selected from 5th and 6th grades of elementary schools in Pusan. Factors associated with parents and peers varied by type of peer maladjustment(aggressive type and withdrawn type, compared with a control group). Particularly, the level of factors associated with peers varied from the control group by peer maladjusted types(aggressive types and, withdrawn types). Causal relationships of parents' rejection, victimization, negative representation by parents and by peers on child？s maladjustment varied by behavior types. Negative representation of peers had a direct effect only on withdrawal. On the other hand, negative representation of peers had no effect on aggression. Victimization had a first total effect on both withdrawal and aggression.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.75-97
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• 2016

This paper estimates the peer effect of how improving the under-performing students can affect the academic performance of other students, focusing on the ratio of students more than proficient. We take advantage of the regression discontinuity design of the policy assignment rule of School-for-Improvement (SFI), which targeted the under-performing schools as an identification strategy. The estimation results from the 2009-2010 NAEA (National Assessment of Educational Achievement) reveal that the decrease of the ratio of under-performing students tends to increase the ratio of excellent or proficient students at around the policy cutoff. The finding turns out to be robust to various falsification tests.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.123-131
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• 2018

This study investigated associations between attachment and friendship. This study also examined the mediating effects of empathy on the association between two variables. Participants consisted of $4^{th}$ to $6^{th}$ grade elementary school children including 173 boys and 141 girls. Two elementary schools were located in Seoul and Bucheon. Children participated in a peer nomination interview. They nominated their three most liked peers. Children's responses to the best friend of the peer nomination identified the children's best friends. A Friendship Quality Scale measured children's positive friendship quality and friendship satisfaction. Children completed the Inventory of the Parent and Peer Attachment Scale that assessed maternal and paternal attachment. In addition, they completed a children's version of the Empathy Quotient that measured empathy. Pearson's correlation and Structural Equation Modeling were used to analyse the data. The results indicated that attachment had a direct influence on friendship network. Children who had the high levels of attachment security had large friendship network. However, attachment did not have a significant effect on friendship quality. Moreover, empathy had mediating effects on the association between attachment and friendship quality as well as the friendship network. The results of this research highlight the importance of attachment and empathy on children's friendship.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.311-329
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• 2015

This study examined the influences of children's playfulness and teacher-child interactions on their peer interactions, and investigated whether teacher-child interactions had any moderating effects upon the relation between child playfulness and peer interactions. The participants of this study were 240 children in fourth year classes in child care centers in Seoul and Gyoung-gi province and 24 of their teachers. In order to measure the research variables, the Korean version of PIPPS(Pen Interaction Peer Play Scale) by Choi and Shin(2008), the Children's Playfulness Scale(Barnett, 1991), and the modified version of the Caregiver Interaction Scale(Arnett, 1989) were used. The data were analyzed by means of descriptive statics, Pearson's correlations, and hierarchical regression analysis. The results indicated that children's playfulness and teacher-child interactions had significant effects on their peer interactions. Especially, the teacher-child interactions were related to the play disruption and the play disconnection of peer interactions. In addition, teacher-child interactions moderated the effect of children's social spontaneity(children's playfulness) on their play disconnection(peer interactions). The results have some implications for the role of teacher-child interactions in peer play interactions and a range of prevention efforts.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.47-52
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• 2024

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between children's self-esteem, peer attachment, parenting attitudes, and children's grit, and to specifically identify the influence of children's self-esteem, peer attachment, and parenting attitudes on children's grit. The characteristics of the survey subjects were identified through frequency analysis and descriptive statistics analysis of the 11th year of the Korea Children's Panel (2018) data, and Pearson's moment correlation coefficient was calculated for correlation analysis between major variables. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to examine the influence of children's self-esteem, peer attachment, and parenting attitudes on children's grit. The research results are as follows. First, children's self-esteem, peer attachment, and parenting attitudes were found to be positively correlated. Second, the child's self-esteem was found to have a positive influence on the child's grit, and among the peer attachment sub-variables, peer trust was found to have an influence, and among the sub-factors of parenting attitude, 'mother' affection/involvement, 'father' Democratic relationships were found to have an effect. In other words, it can be seen that children's self-esteem at the personal level, peer trust at the school level, and maternal affection and paternal relationship at the family level are useful variables that strengthen children's grit. Accordingly, in order to improve children's grit level, we must consider promotion measures through intervention and support at a multifaceted level.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.213-226
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of bibliotherapy for developing children's social competence. Specifically, this study investigated the relationship between bibliotherapy and social competence for elementary school children. In this study, social competence includes self-esteem, self-control, peer-relationship. As a result, bibliotherapy was significantly to related to self-control, self-esteem, peer-relationship. These results will be contributed to learn and develop social competence through bibliotherapy.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.22 no.10
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• pp.189-194
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to find out the necessary conditions and factors what effect as a society member through the students with disabilities to have a positive and mutual peer relationship with their classmates in the school and by them analyzed formation process and elucidate signification. The research method focused on the data summarized and enumerated through the investigation methods such as two in-depth interviews and two observation activities part, and the data which are commonly stated or observed in the data. The results of this study start that the factors of peer relationship formation between children with disabilities and their with non-disabled children are caused by lack of prejudice or lack of awareness. However, continuous cognizance improvement program, teacher's education guidance, the age have presence sense and subject about friend equating idea was mainly shown of school education or local community.

• Journal of East Asia Management
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.79-98
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• 2023

This study investigates the relationship between firm's cost behavior and the managerial strategic deviation. Firms which intend to reduce uncertainty and improve viability for future performance tend to implement managerial strategies similar to peer firms in the same industry. Since the managerial decisions affect firm's cost behavior, the strategic deviation including operations different from others would be associated with cost behavior distinct from peer firms. On firms listed on Korean Security Exchange and KOSDAQ markets from 2002 to 2017, the analysis show the results that the firm's strategic deviation is positively associated with cost-downward rigidity, indicating that the management strategy affects the cost behavior. Also, it means that corporate managers who choose a strategy that deviates from peer firms are less likely to adjust their resource even when sales decrease. This study is meaningful in expanding the literature on the determinants of cost behavior by analyzing the effect of the management strategy's characteristics of strategic deviation on cost behavior.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.519-528
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• 2014

This study explores how the main variables of youth going through a transition period (parents' nurturing behavior, the youth's self-esteem and ego resilience, the peer group relationships) affect the youth's school adjustment. It also analyzes the effects of theses variables on the youth's dependence on cell phones, which are considered a necessity in modern society. This research is verified by using a structure model verification method based on data from the Korean Children Youth Panel Study. According to the research, first, 1st-year students in middle school show better adjustment to their school life and less dependence on cell phones when they have a stronger sense of self-esteem and ego resilience; further, it is revealed that cell phone dependence has an indirect influence on the school life of these children. Second, they tend to show better adjustment to their school life and less dependence on cell phones when their parents' nurturing behaviors are more positive. Third, these children tend to depend more on cell phones when they have a positive peer group relationship, Moreover, cell phone dependence has an indirect influence on their school life. When considering the impact of cell phone to youth in modern society, need to prepare proper training program for correct uses and preventing from addiction.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.19-33
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• 2008

The main purpose of this study was to assess the effects of SES, mother's psychological well-being, child-rearing behavior and child's peer relationship on school adjustment. A total of 237 children enrolled in the 5th and 6th grade and their mothers were used for this study. Data was collected via questionnaires completed by children and their mothers. The path analysis of antecedent variables influencing child's school adjustment revealed two different patterns. Firstly, socioeconomic status influenced child's school adjustment through maternal psychological well-being. Secondly, maternal psychological well-being affected by socioeconomic status contributed to child's school adjustment through positive child-rearing behavior and positive peer relationship. Focusing on maternal psychological well-being and mother's child-rearing behavior, the implication for promoting child's school adjustment are discussed.