• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.504-512
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• 2016

This study was performed to explore the institutional treatment system by analyzing the pattern of musical actor's projection and aftereffect subsequent to the completion of performance. In-depth interviews were conducted with 22 top-class musical actors and actresses of the Republic of Korea. The result of the survey indicated that most actors and actresses suffer from projection and it's aftereffect such as depression for more than one month after performance, and that they tend to rely on self-healing based on self-diagnosis rather than seeking for professional counselling. The symptoms of projection were shown more strongly when the actors or actresses were taking on the role of main character, or acting as a negative or realistic character, or when expressing strong and extreme emotions. In this era of Korean culture, the result of this study implies that our country have to establish the actor's mental caring-related new law and private care centers supported enough funds to encourage the actors to receive more effective actor-friendly treatment service before and after the performance.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.70 no.5
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• pp.397-404
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• 2011

Background: To evaluate chest CT findings of pandemic influenza A/H1N1 pneumonia without co-infection. Methods: Among 56 patients diagnosed with pandemic influenza A/H1N1 pneumonia, chest CT was obtained in 22 between October 2009 and Februrary 2010. Since two patients were co-infected with bacteria, the other twenty were evaluated. Predominant parenchymal patterns were categorized into consolidation, ground glass opacity (GGO), and mixed patterns. Distribution of parenchymal abnormalities was assessed. Results: Median age was 46.5 years. The CURB-65 score, which is the scoring system for severity of community acquired pneumonia, had a median of 1. Median duration of symptoms was 3 days. All had abnormal chest x-ray findings. The median number of days after the hospital visit that Chest CT was performed was 1. The reasons for chest CT performance were radiographic findings unusual for pneumonia (n=13) and unexplained dyspnea (n=7). GGO was the most predominant pattern on CT (n=13, 65.0%). Parenchymal abnormalities were observed in both lungs in 13 cases and were more extensive in the lower lung zone than the upper. Central and peripheral distributions were identified in ten and nine cases, respectively. One showed diffuse distribution. Peribronchial wall thickening was found in 16 cases. Centrilobular branching nodules (n=7), interlobular septal thickening (n=4), atelectasis (n=1), pleural effusion (n=5), enlarged hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes (n=6 and n=7) were also noted. Conclusion: Patchy and bilateral GGO along bronchi with predominant involvement of lower lungs are the most common chest CT findings of pandemic influenza A/H1N1 pneumonia.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.218-233
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• 2000

The purposes of this study were to investigate the physical discomforts and sexual life pattern and to identify the relation between the physical discomforts and the satisfaction of sexual life in women with hysterectomy. The subject were 301 women who lived with their spouses from 3 months to 2 years after hysterectomy in S. University Hospital. The data were collected using a self-reported questionnaire by mail, which composed of 25 items of physical discomforts, restarting time and frequency of sexual intercourse, and 10 items of sexual satisfaction, The results were as follows: 1) The mean score of physical discomforts was 13.22 and range of score was 0-45. 1.7% of 301 women had no physical discomforts and 12.0% of them complained of severe physical discomforts such as fatigue, lumbago and pain of extremities. 2) The women with hysterectomy complained of fatigue(76.1%), lumbago(68.8%), pain of extremities(63.5%), weight gain(55.5%), vaginal dryness(50.8%) and symptom of estrogen deficiency such as perspiration (47.5%), flush(41.2%) and palpitation (38.5%). As unusual symptom, numbness of thigh (20.3%) and acne(16.3%) were identified. 3) There was no significant difference between the degree of physical discomforts and the laps of time after hysterectomy. But the score of physical discomforts was lower in women with vaginal hysterectomy than in women with abdominal hysterectomy. 4) The mean score of sexual satisfaction was 33.11 and range of score was 10-50. There was no significant difference between the degree of sexual satisfaction and the lapse of time after hysterectomy. 83.8% of women had not change of sexual life satisfaction after hysterectomy. The women restarted sexual intercourse in average 2.57 months after hysterectomy. 5) There was a negative correlation between the physical discomforts and the sexual satisfaction. In conclusion, nurses should make the discharge educational program of the physical discomforts and the sexual pattern for women with hysterectomy in hospital.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.61-72
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• 2019

Introduction : The aim of this study was to investigate menstrual pattern according to Mibyeong Index(MBI) and compare Mibyeong symptom score according to severity of menstrual pain. Mibyeong Index was designed to measure inconvenience and resilience of subject's complains including four physical symptoms(fatigue, pain, low sleep quality, indigestion) and mental distress including anxiety, anger, depression. Method : We used the clinical data of Korean medicine Date Center(KDC) for subjects who participated in the study of 'Clinical research for collecting of clinical cases based on the personal type of Mibyeng' conducted in Seoul, from June 26, 2015 to June 26, 2017. A total of 566 fertile women aged 30 to 50 who completed the questionnaires were included in this study. In this study, we used items of Mibyeong Index and the menstrual pattern by self-report questionnaires. The date were analyzed through Kruskal Wallis test, Pearson's chi-square test, and one-way ANOVA using SPSS statistics 19.0. Results : Mibyeong status was significantly associated with severity of menstrual pain(p<0.001), worst day of menstrual pain(p<0.05), and type of menstrual pain(low back pain, nausea, depression, and none (respectively, p<0.05)). In addition, The 7-subtype score (fatigue (p<0.001), pain(p<0.001), low sleep quality(p<0.001), indigestion(p<0.001), anxiety(p<0.05), anger(p<0.05) and depression(p<0.05)) of Mibyeong index and total score of Mibyeong Index (p<0.001) showed significant difference for severity of menstrual pain. Conclusion : This result indicates that a close relationship between Mibyeong status and severity of menstrual pain. Further studies are needed but, we hope that this results will be used as the basic data to improve mibyeong status through health care to alleviate dysmenorrhea.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.162-169
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• 2014

Purpose: To study temporal pattern of serum liver enzymes levels in newborns with hepatic injury associated with birth asphyxia (BA). Methods: Singleton term newborns with BA and ${\leq}72$ hours of age admitted to neonatal intensive care unit were prospectively enrolled. Term newborns with physiological jaundice and without BA were studied as controls. Serum liver enzymes were measured at <24 hours, 24-72 hours, and at 6-12 days of age for cases and at 1-6 days of age for controls. BA was defined by 1 minute Apgar score <7 or delayed or absent cry with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. BA-associated liver injury was defined as serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) elevation beyond +2 standard deviation (ALT > +2 SD) above the mean of control subjects at any of the three time points. Results: Sixty controls and 62 cases were enrolled. Thirty-five cases (56%) developed BA-associated liver injury (ALT>81 IU/L). They had higher serum levels of ALT, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase than the control infants, with peak at 24-72 hours. In controls, serum liver enzyme levels were significantly higher in appropriate-for-date (AFD) babies than small-for-date (SFD) babies. Serum enzyme pattern and extent of elevation were comparable between SFD and AFD babies. Degree of serum liver enzyme elevation had no relationship with severity of hypoxic encephalopathy. Conclusion: Serum liver enzyme elevation is common in BA; it peaks at 24-72 hours followed by a sharp decline by 6-12 days of age. Pattern and extent of enzyme elevation are comparable between SFD and AFD babies.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.215-223
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of leg muscle activation by applying proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) arm patterns to unilateral upper extremities under the condition of both open and closed kinetic chains in a seated position. Methods: Twenty-two healthy subjects participated in this study. Four PNF patterns were applied to each subject's unilateral upper extremity. EMG data were collected from the vastus medialis, biceps femoris, tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius. The measured EMG data were digitized and processed to root mean square (RMS) and expressed as percentage maximal voluntary isometric contraction (%MVIC). The data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures to determine the statistical significance. Results: The results of this study were summarized as follows: Firstly, in comparison to muscle activation of the biceps femoris, there was a significant increase in the D2 flexion pattern when it was compared with D2 extension pattern and when it was compared with D1 flexion pattern (p<.05). Secondly, there was a significant increase in the muscle activation of the vastus medialis and tibialis anterior with a closed kinetic chain rather than an open kinetic chain (p<.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, in order to increase muscle activation of the biceps femoris, the D2 flexion pattern can be applied, regardless of kinetic chain. In addition, in order to increase muscle activation of the vastus medialis and tibialis anterior, four arm patterns can be applied with a closed kinetic chain.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.230-246
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• 1991

Pain is a subjective and multidemensional concept. Therefore the patient's expression of pain have been referedl to the best believable indicator of pain condition but the support data obtained from the patient considered cultural difference is a deficient condition in determinded on the precise nursing diagnosis. The purpose of this reasearch was to understand multiple pain reponses in cultural difference and sensitivity, to encourage communication between medical teams, and to provide the foundation data of on data of precise nursing assessment for the patient in pain. The research problem was to grasp pain express pattern of Korean peptic ulcer patients. The subjects were 20 peptic ulcer patients in medical unit or OPD of twp university hospitals in Seoul. Data were collected from September 7th to 22nd, 1990 by intensive interviews. Interviews were done by the researcher and all were tape - recorded. The Data analysis was done by Phenomenological method from Van Kaam. Validity assured by confirmation of the internal consistency of the statements and catigory by nursing collegue in educational and clinicions in medical care. From the emic data, 96 descriptive statements were organized in 18 theme cluster. The results of study were summerized as follows. 1. Pain Express Pattern cluster of Peptic Ulcer Patients were “Pain as clogging”, “shallow pain”, “pain as pressing”, “nauseating pain”, “pain as smarting”, “pain as pulling”, “pain as pricking”, “pain as bursting”, “wrenching pain”, “excising pain”, “uncontrollable pain for mind and body”, “awakening pain”, “pain as hollowing” and the other cluster. As above mentioned, Pain Express Pattern of Peptic Ulcer Patient appeared diversely in verbal and they were propered to Korean culture. Therefore they will provide for the foundation data of precise nursing assessment.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.31-46
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• 2014

This study investigated the proceeding patterns of constructive play with lego blocks, and the differences on the quality of constructive play and symbolic play's pretending elements. The subjects were 132 children at child care centers and kindergarten: 64 three-year-olds (36 boy, 28 girl) and 68 five-year-olds (32 boy, 36 girl). The study found three proceeding patterns in the constructive lego play. First, children engaged in constructive and symbolic play simultaneously, or they switched back and forth between symbolic and constructive play. This pattern was termed as "constructive and symbolic play simultaneously or alternatively"(type 3), and it was occurred most frequently. Secondly, children focused only on constructing structures. This pattern was termed as "constructive play only"(type 1), Thirdly, children engaged in symbolic play only after they completed building some structures. This pattern was named "symbolic play after constructive play"(type 2). The findings also indicated that children who were categorized as type 1 and 2 showed higher quality of constructive play and longer duration in play than children as type 3. Five-year-old children sustained play longer and showed higher quality in terms of elaboration, imagination, and variety (number of blocks, shape of blocks). Furthermore, children as type 3 showed a higher level of imaginative play than children as type 1 and 2, especially in terms of role, objet, and context of projection.

• Journal of Cerebrovascular and Endovascular Neurosurgery
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.163-173
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• 2024

Objective: We aimed to investigate the incidence of flow arrest during carotid artery stenting (CAS) with filter-type embolic protection device (EPD), identify any predisposing factors for those situations, and contemplate intraprocedural precautionary steps. Methods: CAS was performed in 128 patients with 132 arteries using filter-type EPD. The characteristics of treated patients and arteries were compared between groups with and without flow arrest. Results: The incidence of flow arrest during CAS with filter-type EPD was 17.4%. In flow arrest group, cases of vulnerable plaques (p=0.02) and symptomatic lesions (p=0.01) were significantly more common, and there were more cases of debris captured by EPD in a planar pattern (p<0.01). Vulnerable plaques were significantly more common in the procedures showing a planar pattern than in the cases with other patterns (p<0.01). Flow arrest group showed a significantly higher rate of ischemic complications (p<0.05), although there were no significant periprocedural neurological changes. The planar pattern of captured debris in filter-type EPD was the only significant risk factor for flow arrest (adjusted odds ratio 88.44, 95% confidence interval 15.21-514.45, p<0.05). Conclusions: Flow arrest during CAS with filter-type EPD is not uncommon and associated with increased ischemic complications. Symptomatic stenoses and vulnerable plaque are related to this event. The planar pattern of captured debris on the EPD was the only significant risk factor for the flow arrest. Clinicians must pay attention to the occurrence of flow arrest and react quickly when performing CAS.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.140-150
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• 1972

Using methods of principle component analysis and pattern of analysis. Korean food supply pattern and its change (1962-1969) have been compared whit those of other 40 countries. 1) Among the 4 groups classified on the first and second principle components, Korea belongs to the highest crop grain dependent group of Asia. Although Korea is identified as one of the highest crop consuming countries among the group, a significant increase in the consumption of fruits and vegetables is noticed during the period. 2) According to the pattern of numerics analysis Korean food supply pattern (1969) is similar with those of Japan (1949), philippines, Taiwan, while is quite apart from those of U.S.A., W. Germany, France and Australia. 3) During the period the food supply pattern of Korea has been changed significantly toward the more common locations on the world food supply pattern map. Yet the location is far from the desirable one and its moving direction is characteristic, differing not only those of Europian countries but also Asian neighborhoods. this unique pattern should receive a careful examination and thus proper measures should be undertaken to take care of optimal nation's nutritional requirements.