• 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지
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• 제14권8호
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• pp.513-523
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• 2020

본 연구는 VR 체험 콘텐츠 기술 동향에 대해 알아보기 위해 현재까지 출원 및 등록된 기술특허를 도출하고, 그 중에서 핵심특허 기술을 중심으로 분석하였다. 2020년 6월까지 공개된 한국, 미국, 일본, 유럽 및 PCT의 특허를 대상으로 하였고, WISDOMAIN 검색 DB를 주요하게 사용하여 특허검색을 실시하였다. 특허검색을 위한 키워드는 가상현실(VR)을 이용한 체험 기술 관련이였으며, 도출한 키워드를 조합하여 검색식을 작성한 후 총 1,013건의 데이터를 얻게 되었다. 그 중에서 유효특허 선별 결과 총 65건의 데이터를 추출하였고, 이를 대상으로 정략분석을 진행하였다. 전체 출원 동향을 살펴보면 한국의 특허 출원이 대부분을 차지하였고, 노이즈 특허는 가상현실(VR) 기술을 구현하기 위한 시스템 관련 장치이다. 미국과 유럽은 증강현실(AR) 기술개발에 집중하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 가상현실(VR) 체험 기술은 2017년부터 특허 출원이 급격히 증가하였고, 기술 성장단계는 태동기에서 성장기로 넘어가는 시기인 것으로 파악되었다. VR 체험 관련 유효특허를 살펴본 결과 농촌투어, 전시, 교육, 공연 등 다양한 분야에서 기술이 검색되었으며, 콘텐츠 저작과 일반 가상체험 관련 기술에 대한 특허도 검색되었다. 향후 VR 산업의 발전 가능성을 예측해 본다면 더욱 더 다양한 분야에 대한 기술개발과 특허 출원을 진행하여 지식재산권 선점에 대한 대응이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• 지질공학
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.257-269
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 급경사지재해 안정화기술 분야에 관하여 한국, 미국, 일본 및 유럽에서 출원 공개/등록된 특허를 중심으로 특허동향을 분석하였다. 중분류는 예측기술, 계측기술, 대책/보강/저감기술, 실내실험과 같이 4개로 분류하였으며, 2,134건의 최종 유효 분석대상 특허를 선별하였다. 특허건수와 출원인수의 상관관계를 이용한 포트폴리오 분석결과 한국 및 미국의 경우 발전기 단계에 있으며, 일본과 유럽의 경우 퇴조기에 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 한국의 경우 국가주도의 연구 활동으로 인하여 특허활동이 활발한 것으로 분석된다. 중분류 기술 분야별 분석 결과, 일본은 급경사재해 예측분야, 미국은 급경사재해 실내실험분야가 각 국가의 경쟁력 분야인 것으로 분석되었으며, 한국의 경우 급경사재해 예측과 급경사재해 실내실험 분야가 공백기술인 것으로 분석되었다. 분석결과를 토대로 기술별 향후 연구개발 방향을 정리하면 예측기술 분야에서는 신규 유한요소해석 방법 또는 수치해석 모델 정립이 필요하고, 계측기술 분야에서는 센서개발기술, 정보취합을 통한 재해예측기술, IT기술과 융합을 통한 장치관련 기술 등이 필요하다. 그리고 재해/대책/저감기술 분야에서는 기존 사방구조물의 개량, 차별화된 사면보강공법 등의 개발이 필요하며 실내실험분야에서는 새로운 최적화된 구조의 실험장치 또는 방법의 개발이 필요한 것으로 조사되었다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.325-331
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• 1989

Five hundred and forty-eight samples of pig heart muscle were collected from the abattoirs of many regions in Korea to reveal the frequency of Sarcocystis infections and to identify the species from June 1988 to April 1989. Heart muscle of the pigs was inspected for sarcocysts by the direct detection technique and for bradyzoites by the trypsin digestion technique. For examination of development of the parasites in the final host, 5 cross bred mature dogs, 5 puppies and 5 kittens were fed 100g, 50g and 50g of the infected meat respectively, four times in 2 days. Of 402 fattened and 146 older culled breeding pigs, 3 fattened pigs and 39 culled pigs were positive for Sarcocystis. Sarcocystis cysts from heart muscle measured an average of $425{\times}169{\mu}m$ and bradyzoites an average of $15.6{\times}3.5{\mu}m$. Of 15 animals, only 2 puppies were infected with Sarcocystis. The prepatent period was 11 to 12 days and patent period was not examined since the puppies were infected with some another infections and one died on day 11 and another died on day 12 after ingestion of the meat. The sporulated oocysts were detected 11 days after ingestion of the meat and sporocysts 12 days from the puppy feces. The sporulated oocysts measured an average of $16.5{\times}11.5{\mu}m$ and sporocysts an average of $12.6{\times}7.9{\mu}m$. On scraping examination of the intestinal mucosa, fully sporulated oocysts were detected in the tip of the intestinal villi. Considering above all descriptions, Sarcocystis in pig heart muscle in Korea was identified with Sarcocystis suicanis.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.280-285
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• 2020

신선 버섯의 수확 후 관리 기술은 2000년대까지 출원의 증가와 감소를 반복하는 경향을 보이다가 2010년대에 들어서 꾸준한 증가세를 나타내고 있어, 신선 농산물의 수확 후 관리 기술이 시대의 흐름에 부합하는 기술임을 알 수 있다. 주요 출원인에 대한 특허출원은 일본이 전체 출원 중에서 가장 많은 특허를 출원하였으며 대부분의 국가에서 내국인의 특허출원 비중이 높게 나타나 자국 중심의 출원 경향을 보이고 있다. 신선 버섯의 수확 후 포장 기술은 초반에 출원인 및 출원 건수가 감소하였다가, 최근 출원인 및 출원 건수가 증가하여 회복기 단계에 있으며, 저장기술은 최근 출원인 수와 출원 건수가 대폭 증가하여 성장기의 단계로 평가된다. 신선 버섯의 수확 후 관리 기술은 주로 다국적 기업과 국가 연구기관에서 다수의 특허를 보유하고 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 이는 해당 기술의 연구개발 및 상업화가 활발하게 이루어지고 있음을 시사하였다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.26-31
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• 2000

Background: This study was aimed at analyzing the preoperative conditions post-operative results indication and methods of surgical closure of patent ducturs arterio년 in prematures low birth weight infants and neonates. Patients and Methods: We retro-spectively studied two groups of patients (prematures group and neonates group) who underwent surgical closure of the patent ductus arteriosus between March 1995 and June 1998. Results: The premature group consisted of 9 patients(3 males and 6 females) Their mean gestational period was 30.7 weeks(ranging from 26 weeks to 33 weeks) mean age 27.8 days(11 days to 55 days) and mean body weight 1.56 kg. Prominent preoperative symptoms were dependency on mechanical ventilation generalized edema and hepatomegaly. We performed PDA ligation via thoracotomy in all premature patients. The neonate group consisted of 16 patients and their mean body weight was 3.75 kg. Major symptoms of this group was tachypnea and intercostal retraction resistant to medical treatment. We performed video-assisted PDA clipping to them all. There were no postoperative complications or operation-related mortality in both groups. Comparing the ratio of size of PDA(mm)/body weight(kg) the ratio of premature group (ligation through thoracotomy) was higher than that of neonate group ( video-assisted clipping) that is 3,89:1.21(p=0.03) Conclusion : We conclude that the surgical closure of PDA can be a safe method of treatment for prematures low birth weight infants and neonates with compromised general conditions. Choice of surgical technique depends on the surgeon's preference but there was a tend-ency to choose the ligation method through thoracotomy for patients with small body weight and large PDA.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제60권6호
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• pp.175-180
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• 2017

Purpose: Plasma level of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), an emerging, sensitive, and specific biomarker of hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), rapidly decreases in infants receiving cyclooxygenase inhibitors for ductal closure. We investigated the usefulness of serial BNP measurement as a guide for individual identification of early constrictive responses to ibuprofen in preterm infants with symptomatic PDA (sPDA). Methods: Before March 2010, the standard course of pharmacological treatment was initiated with indomethacin (or ibuprofen) and routinely followed by 2 additional doses at intervals of 24 hours. After April 2010, individualized pharmacological treatment was used, starting with the first dose of ibuprofen and withholding additional ibuprofen doses if the BNP concentration was <600 pg/mL and clinical symptoms of PDA improved. Results: The BNP-guided group received significantly fewer doses of ibuprofen than the standard group did during the first course of treatment and the entire study period. The need for further doses of cyclooxygenase inhibitors and for surgical ligation was not significantly different between the 2 groups. No significant differences were seen in clinical outcomes and/or complications related to sPDA and/or pharmacological treatment. Conclusion: Individualized BNP-guided pharmacological treatment may be used clinically to avoid unnecessary doses of cyclooxygenase inhibitors without increasing the ductal closure failure and the short-term morbidity related to sPDA.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.192-205
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• 2011

This study analyzed the registration of patent and utility models by fashion firms in Korea. A total of 2,291 registration cases of IPC A41B-H from the period of 1996 to 2009 were collected by KIPRIS of the Korean Intellectual Property Organization (KIPO). All cases were analyzed by year to review the longitudinal trend and 481 cases of IPC A41B (shirts, underwear, baby linen, and handkerchiefs) and 1088 cases of IPC A41D (outerwear, protective garments, and accessories) were analyzed by content (provided benefit type and developing method), by detailed product items and the characteristics of the applicant. The results of this study were as follows: 1) Registration of IPC 41 increased steeply by the year (especially since 2006) and the patent registrations increased more than those in the utility model. 2) Analyzing the application content of A41B on the basis of benefit showed that 75% were to provide new functions and the rest were for health. In terms of the developing method, 83% of benefit provided by the application were by design development, 11.2% were by material, and the rest was by process, In the cases of IPC A41D, 23.6% were for safety and protection. In terms of the developing method, the process and material development were more frequently adopted than in the cases of A41B. 3) The major product types of A41B were socks, underwear, and infant wear, whereas gloves and parts of clothing were major items in A41D. 4) In terms of the characteristics of the applicant, registration by firms was greater for patents than for utility models and registration by foreigners increased in 2006 due to the complete opening of the retail market. 5) Fifteen universities registered for a total 57 cases and major applications were for IT related clothing or high-tech protective items.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제59권4호
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• pp.183-189
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• 2016

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the correlation, according to postnatal age, between plasma B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels and echocardiographic parameters for the assessment of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in preterm infants with respiratory distress. Methods: We enrolled 42 preterm infants with respiratory distress who underwent serial echocardiographic evaluation with simultaneous plasma BNP measurements until ductal closure. The correlations between BNP levels and the following 4 representative echocardiographic parameters were studied: diameter of the ductus arteriosus (DA), ratio of the left atrial diameter to the aortic diameter (LA/Ao), ratio of the PDA diameter to the infant's left pulmonary artery diameter (PDA/LPA), and the antegrade diastolic flow of LPA (DFLPA). Results: BNP levels were significantly correlated to the magnitude of the ductal shunt, comprising the DA diameter, PDA/LPA ratio, LA/Ao ratio, and antegrade DFLPA for the overall study period. The earliest significant correlation, starting from postnatal day 2, was observed between the LA/Ao ratio and BNP levels. The PDA/LPA ratio and the antegrade DFLPA showed significant correlations with BNP levels postnatal day 3 onward, and with the DA diameter, postnatal day 5 onward. Conclusion: BNP levels and echocardiographic parameters showed a positive correlation, but the significance of the correlations differed according to the postnatal age, especially during the first few days of life.

• 기술혁신연구
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.159-186
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• 2009

혁신활동은 기업 및 국가의 지속적인 성장에 풍요한 요인으로 작용하고 있으며 특히 혁신활동 결과물의 전유문제가 지속적인 혁신활동을 보장하는 중요한 수단으로 작용하고 있다. 본 연구는 혁신활동 결과물의 전유방법으로써 대표적으로 대비되는 특허시스템과 영업비밀에 대한 상대적 선호에 혁신주체와 혁신결과물의 득성들이 미치는 영향을 '2005년 기술혁신조사: 제조업부분' 자료와 Ordered Logit 방법을 통해 실증분석하였다. 분석결과 공정혁신활동보다는 제품혁신활동에서 선호도에 미치는 영향이 뚜렷한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 대부분의 연구주제에서 본 연구는 기존의 연구 및 전유방법들에서처럼 본연의 특성과 일치하는 결과를 나타냈으나 혁신활동의 정보원천과 관련된 분석결과에서는 기존의 연구와 상당한 차이점이 나타났다. 이는 본 연구가 기존의 연구에 비해 최신의 자료를 이용함으로써 기존연구와의 차별성을 분석해낸 결과로 볼 수 있을 것이다.

• 아태비즈니스연구
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.289-303
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• 2023

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to investigate the types and forms of various marketing activities actually used in pharmaceutical companies and to empirically analyze the impact of these marketing activities on sales. Design/methodology/approach - This study categorize five years' worth of marketing activity data from a foreign pharmaceutical company 'A' which operates in South Korea into five categories. Multiple regression analysis and interaction effects are employed for data analysis. Findings - First, CRM calls, Detail calls, GP, and Web events have a positive impact on sales, but SoV does not show significant differences. Second, in the comparison between HQ1 and HQ2 based on patent ownership, Detail calls and Web events had a stronger impact on sales in HQ2, where the patent period is still in effect, compared to HQ1. However, SoV showed no difference between HQ1 and HQ2. Research implications or Originality - First, Detail Calls are more effective for drugs with active patents, while CRM Calls work better for drugs with expired patents. This emphasizes the need to customize call strategies based on patent status. Second, the significant impact of Web Events on sales in HQ2 compared to HQ1 suggests that online information access is crucial, indicating that customer receptivity varies based on product nature. Third, these insights, derived from data analysis, call for a shift in pharmaceutical marketing analysis methods away from traditional approaches. Finally, this study holds significance as one of the first empirical analyses using actual marketing data from pharmaceutical companies in South Korea.