• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.397-402
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• 2022

The mathematical expression of the p-value calculation for the semi-partial correlation coefficient differs between Kim (2015) and Cohen et al. (2003). These two expressions were compared and the advantages of Kim (2015)'s approach over Cohen et al. (2003) were discussed.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.665-674
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• 2015

Lack of a general matrix formula hampers implementation of the semi-partial correlation, also known as part correlation, to the higher-order coefficient. This is because the higher-order semi-partial correlation calculation using a recursive formula requires an enormous number of recursive calculations to obtain the correlation coefficients. To resolve this difficulty, we derive a general matrix formula of the semi-partial correlation for fast computation. The semi-partial correlations are then implemented on an R package ppcor along with the partial correlation. Owing to the general matrix formulas, users can readily calculate the coefficients of both partial and semi-partial correlations without computational burden. The package ppcor further provides users with the level of the statistical significance with its test statistic.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.317-325
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• 2023

Strength prediction and correlation of concrete is done using experimental and analytical methods. Main objective is to correlate the experimental and simulated values of compressive strength of concrete mix using Fly Ash (FA) and Silica Fume (SF) by partial replacement of cement in concrete. Mix proportion was determined using IS method for M40grade concrete. Hundred and forty-seven cubes were cast and tested using Universal Testing Machine (UTM). Genetic Algorithm (GA) model was developed using C++ program to simulate the compressive strength of concrete for various proportions of FA and SF replacements individually at 3% increments. Experiments reveal that 12 percent silica fume replacement produced maximum compressive strength of 35.5 N/mm², 44.5 N/mm² and 54.8 N/mm² moreover 9 percent fly ash replacement produced a maximum strength of 31.9 N/mm², 37.6 N/mm² and 51.8 N/mm² during individual material replacement of concrete mix. Correlation coefficient for each curing period of fly ash and silica fume replaced mix were acquired using trend lines. The correlation coefficient is found to be approximately 0.9 in FA and SF replaced mix irrespective of the mix proportion and age of concrete. A higher and positive correlation was found between the experimental and simulated values irrespective of the curing period in all the replacements.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.723-726
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• 1996

A water loaded pressure device using water as the breaking force was developed to evaluate eggshell strength and compared with a dropping ball techniques. Further, relationships of shell thickness and weight of eggs to shell strength were also studied. Values for both of the shell strength measuring methods showed a highly significant correlation (p < 0.001) with shell thickness. The water loaded pressure method had a much higher simple correlation coefficient for shell thickness (r = + 0.786) than the dropping ball method (r = + 0.577). The shell strength measured by the water loaded pressure method appeared not to be correlated to egg weight. On the other hand, the negative sign of the standard partial regression coefficient and the partial regression coefficient of egg weight in the estimated multiple regression equation implied that for a given shell thickness a larger egg tended to have less shell strength than a smaller egg.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.57-64
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• 2011

이 연구에서는 최근 체육영재선정에 공통적으로 사용되고 있는 스포츠영재성 검사 항목과 코스타스 점수간의 연관성 분석을 통해 상대적으로 중요한 검사 항목과 그렇지 않은 검사 항목을 통계적으로 밝혀내는 데 목적이 있다. 이 연구를 위해 2010년도 서울지역 (강동구, 송파구, 노원구, 광진구 등)과 경기지역 (의정부시, 가평군, 구리시 등) H대학 체육영재양성사업에 지원한 201명의 초등학교 학생들의 자료가 사용되었으며, 육상 네 종목 (투척, 도약, 단거리, 중장거리), 수영 및 체조 종목의 코스타스 점수와 1차 스포츠영재성 검사에서 얻은 기본 체격, 체력 운동능력, 생리적 기능 정보를 이용하였다. 구체적으로 순수한 연관성 분석을 위해 피어슨상관계수와 편상관계수를 사용하였으며, 중요한 검사 항목 선택을 위해 단계적 회귀분석을 이용하였다. 그 결과 골연령, 체중, 흉위와 50m달리기, 하프스쿼트점프가 6개 코스타스 점수에 미치는 영향이 상대적으로 미약한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.215-220
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• 1974

수량(收量) 및 건물생산량과 NPK 및 Si 흡수량(吸收量)과의 단순(單純) 및 다중상관분석(多重相關分析)을 하고 다중회귀식(多重回歸式)을 검토(檢討)하여 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 1. 단순상관계수(單純相關係數)는 수량(收量)에서보다 전건물(全乾物) 생산량에서 크고 N는 무(無)N구(區)와 무비구(無肥區)에서 크고 P는 무(無)P구(區)에서 크며 K는 무(無)K구(區)에서 가장 적다. 2. 다중상관계수(多重相關係數)는 단순상관계수(單純相關係數)보다 크고 삼요소(三要素)보다 Si를 첨가시킨 경우에 더 크다. 무비구(無肥區)에서 계수가 가장 크고 무(無)K구(區)의 계수(係數)가 가장 적은 경향(傾向)을 뚜렷이 보였는데 단순상관(單純相關)에서도 그러한 경향(傾向)을 보였다. 3. P 흡수량(吸收量)이 많고 이용률(利用率)도 큰 고온(高溫)의 해에는 P의 단순상관계수(單純相關係數)가 크고 K흡수량(吸收量)이 많고 이용률(利用率)도 큰 저온(低溫)의 해에는 역시 상관계수(相關係數)도 크며 N나 Si도 K를 따랐다. 그러나 수량(收量)과의 다중회귀식(多重回歸式) 계수(係數)에 의(依)하면 N P K Si 모두 고온(高溫)의 해에만 유의성(有意性)을 보였다. 4. K의 회귀계수(回歸係數)는 수량(收量)에 있어서 부(負)로 많이 나타나며 건물생산량에 있어서는 정(正)으로 유의성(有意性)이 컸다. 5. 회귀계수(回歸係數)는 삼요소(三要素)보다 이에 Si를 더 첨가했을 때 삼요소(三要素)의 계수(係數)가 모두 감소(減少)하는데 P가 가장 심하였다. 6. 회귀계수(回歸係數)는 N증시(增施)에 따라 N계수(係數)는 증가(增加)하고 P계수(係數)는 감소(減少)하며 K와 Si계수(係數)는 일정(一定)치 아니 하였다. 7. 상관계수(相關係數)나 회귀계수(回歸係數)의 크기와 유의성(有意性)으로부터 각양분(各養分)의 수량(收量)에의 기여도(奇與度)는 N > Si > P > K 이고 건물생산량에서는 N > K > Si > P의 순위(順位)였으며 N가 중심(中心)으로 기타 양분이 N에 영향하는 방향으로 밀접(密接)하게 상호관련(相互關聯)되었음을 보인다. N 영양(營養)의 주역성(主役性)은 상대수량발현빈도양상(相對收量發現頻度樣相)에서도 나타났다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.101-107
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• 1986

양분조성(N.P.K)을 달리하여 양액재배한 인삼근(2년생)에서 ginsenoside, triol(PT), diol(PD) 및 총saponin(TS)과의 관계를 단순, 다중회귀 및 standard partial regression coefficient의 검정으로 분석하였다. ginsenoside 상호간의 밀접도는 분자구조의 유이도와 관계가 깊은 것으로 나타났다. PT는 Re와 Rg1에 의존하였으며 PD의 변화는 Rb1>Rb2$\geq$Rd>Rc의 순으로 의존하였다. TS도 PD에 의존도가 커서 TS가 클수록 PT/PD가 적어졌다. PT가 커지면 PD는 더 커지므로 PT와 PT/PD는 부상관을 보였다. 근중이 커지면 모든 ginsenoside는 감소하는 경향이며 Re와는 유의성이 있었다.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1998년도 가을 학술발표대회 논문집(III)
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• pp.656-661
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• 1998

This paper presents a method of statistical analysis and sensitivity analysis of creep and shrinkage effects in PSC box girder bridges. The statistical and sensitivity analyses are performed by using the numerical simulation of Latin Hypercube sampling. For each sample, the time-dependent structural analysis is performed to produce response data, which are then statistically analyzed. The probabilistic prediction of the confidence limits on long-term effects of creep and shrinkage is then expressed. Three measures are examined to quantify the sensitivity of the outputs to each of the input variables. These are rank correlation coefficient(RCC), partial rank correlation coefficient(PRCC) and standardized rank regression coefficient(SRRC) computed on the ranks of the observations. Probability band widens with time, which indicates an increase of prediction uncertainty with time. The creep model uncertainty factor and the relative humidity appear as the most dominant factors with regard to the model output uncertainty.

• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.303-311
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• 2002

This study evaluated the concentrations of urinary metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in industrial waste incineration workers. The effect of genetic polymorphisms of xenobiotic metabolism enzymes on urinary concentration of PAH metabolites was assessed. And, aromatic DNA adduct levels were also determined in total white blood cells. Fifty employees were recruited from a company handling industrial wastes located in Ansan, Korea: non-exposed group (n=21), exposed group (n=29). Sixteen ambient PAHs were determined by GC/MSD (NIOSH method) from personal breathing zone samples of nine subjects near incinerators. Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene glucuronide (1-OHPG), a major pyrene metabolite, was assayed by synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy after immunoaffinity purification using monoclonal antibody 8E11 (SFS/IAC). Multiplex PCR was used for genotyping for GSTMI/TI and PCR-RFLP for genotyping of CYP1A1 (MspI and Ile/Val). PAH-DNA adducts in peripheral blood WBC were measured by the nuclease P1-enhanced postlabeling assay. Smoking habit, demographic and occupational information were collected by self-administered questionnaire. The range of total ambient PAH levels were 0.00-7.00 mg/㎥ (mean 3.31). Urinary 1-OHPG levels were significantly higher in workers handling industrial wastes than in those with presumed lower exposure to PAHs (p=0.006, by Kruskal-Wallis test). There was a statistically significant dose-response increase in 1-OHPG levels with the number of cigarettes consumed per day (Pearson correlation coefficient=0.686, p<0.001). Urinary 1-OHPG levels in occupationally exposed smoking workers were highest compared with non-occupationally exposed smokers (p=0.053, by Kruskal-Wallis test). Smoking and GSTMI genotype were significant predictors for log-transformed 1-OHPG by multiple regression analysis (overall model R²=0.565, p<0.001), whereas smoking was the only significant predictor for log-transformed aromatic DNA adducts (overall model R²=0.249, p=0.201). Aromatic DNA adducts was also a significantly correlation between log transferred urinary 1-OHPG levels (pearson's correlation coefficient=0.307, p=0.04). However, the partial correlation coefficient adjusting for Age, Sex, and cigarette consumption was not significant (r=0.154, p=0.169). The significant association exists only in individuals with the GSTMI null genotype (pearsons correlation coefficient=0.516, p=0.010; partial correlation coefficient adjusting for age, sex, and cigarette consumption, r=0.363, p=0.038). Our results suggest that the significant increase in urinary 1-OHPG in the exposed workers is due to higher prevalence of smokers among them, and that the association between urinary PAH metabolites and aromatic DNA adducts in workers of industrial waste handling may be modulated by GSTMI genotype. There results remain to be confirmed in future larger studies.

• 통합자연과학논문집
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.45-49
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• 2014

The (c-Jun N-terminal kinase 3) JNK3 is a potential therapeutic target for various neurological disorders. Here, a three dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) study on phenoxypyridine as JNK3 inhibitors was performed to rationalize the structural requirements responsible for the inhibitory activity of these compounds. The comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) using different partial atomic charges, was employed to understand the structural factors affecting JNK3 inhibitory potency. The Gasteiger-Marsili yielded a CoMFA model with cross-validated correlation coefficient ($q^2$) of 0.54 and non-cross-validated correlation coefficient ($r^2$) of 0.93 with five components. Furthermore, contour maps suggested that bulky substitution with oxygen atom in $R^3$ position could enhance the activity considerably. The work suggests that further chemical modifications of the compounds could lead to enhanced activity and could assist in the design of novel JNK3 inhibitors.