• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.543-553
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was designed to explore the parental stress, behaviors and need for parental education of young women with breast cancer and how these variables are related to their children characteristics. Methods: The subjects were 110 young women with breast cancer who have a child. Data were collected using questionnaire of parenting stress, parental behaviors and need for parental education. Results: The subjects reported many unmet needs for parental education, and have the highest level of need for education related to breast cancer. Women with daughters have higher level of need for parental education compared to subjects with sons. There was a negative correlation between parenting stress and parental behaviors and between parenting stress and need of parental education. Conclusion: As these results, the development and application of parental education program for mothers with breast cancer in the future should be considered with the demographic characteristics, the social and cultural environment, parenting stress, and parental behaviors of parents and children.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.25 no.1 s.85
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• pp.87-99
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• 2007

This study examines the relationship between mothers' parental intelligence, parenting stress and the perception of parents regarding their children's very early extra-curricula education. A total of 436 mothers, whose children were enrolled in seven private kindergarten and child-care centers in Seoul, responded to the questionnaire. The results of this study show that the mothers who participated generally have high parental intelligence scores, but the scores of their parenting stress were low. They also tend to view their very young children's extracurricular education in a positive light. These three variables also appear to be significantly different based on the educational level and family income of the mothers. Finally, a significant relationship is shown to exist between the mothers' parental intelligence and their parenting stress, although the mothers' parental intelligence does not seem to be significantly related to their perceptions of very early extracurricular education for their children. However, the study suggests that the parenting stress of mothers is significantly related to their perception regarding very early extracurricular education.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.1-23
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate mother's parenting stress with her infant and social support and parenting efficacy. The object of the study were 234 mothers who commit their infant to 10 child-care facilities in U metropolitan city. The method of research was questionnaire method. Followings are the summary of it ; The mother's parenting efficacy was generally high. Regression analysis was carried out to investigate the relative influence of the factors related to the mother's parenting efficacy. The variables that influence the mother's parenting efficacy were the social support, the parenting stress, the mother's age, the mother's academic background, income and the order of birth etc.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.175-185
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether there is any difference between the dual residence couples and the single residence couples in terms of the situation of child care, development of their child and mother's parenting guilty or parenting stress. Also, this study aimed to explore the variables which influence parenting guilty and parenting stress of dual residence mothers. The 178 mothers of three to eight tear-old participated the survey. Half of them were dual residence mothers and another half were those of single residence. These two groups were matched in terms of the occupation of the mother and the age of the child. Major finding were as follows. 1) Compared with single residence couples, dual residence couples used multiple methods of child care. And they depended maternal families more than paternal ones as a care-giver. They also payed much more for the child care than single residence couples. 2) Children of the dual residence couples did not differ with those of the single residence couples in terms of cognitive and social development. 3) Dual residence mothers had more parenting guilty than those of single residence while these two groups did not differ in terms of parenting stress. 4) While dual residence mother's parenting guilty was significantly related with the amount of information provided by the paternal families, their parenting stress was significantly related with the frequencies of communicating with the husband, the mother's age, the flexibility of time in the mother's work place, the mother's orientation to the career, and the supports of the husband. In conclusion, dual residence families in Korea were not so negative as expected. Furthermore, this study suggests that the parenting difficulties of the dual residence mothers could be decreased by the change of social and economic situations and the psycho-social support of the husband.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.99-112
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• 1995

This study aimed (1) to classify Korean kindergarten childrens' attachment to their mothers based on a system for classifying attachment organization developed by Main and Cassidy (1988), and (2) to investigate the relationship of attachment and temperament and mothers' child rearing behavior. 76 kindergarteners and their mothers were observed and videotaped in the strange situation. The modified PTQ(Parent and Teacher Temperament Questionnaire) for children 3-7 years of age and the IPBI(Iowa Parent Behavior Inventory: Mother Form) were administered respectively to 76 mothers to assess their parenting behavior and their children's temperament. The data were analyzed by percentiles, Pearson's correlations, and canonical correlation analysis. Results indicated that there was a little difference between the attachment classification of Main and Cassidy(1988) and that of Korean kindergarten children. There were significant correlations between children's temperament and the attachment to their mother. And mothers' parenting behavior was significantly related to the security of attachment. The canonical correlation analysis indicated that independent variables all together accounted for about 7.5% of the variation in attachment-variables.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.49 no.9
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• pp.111-120
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• 2011

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of child, day care, and home variables that influence physical and relational aggression of preschool children. The participants were 338 four and five year olds recruited from day care centers. Children's self-regulation, day care experiences and parenting stress were reported by mothers. Children's aggression and the teacher-child relationships were measured by teachers. The results showed that self-regulation was negatively correlated with physical and relational aggression. Years of day care experiences and parenting stress were positively related with physical and relational aggression. Moreover, teacher-child conflicts were positively associated with physical as well as relational aggression.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.613-622
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate infants' development, parenting characteristics, and the infants' daily routines by monthly family income, and examine variables related to infants' development. The 2010 data of the panel study on Koreans were used. The sample for this analysis was 1,802 children aged 21-23 months and their parents. The data were analyzed with ANOVA, Pearson's correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis with SPSS version 18.0. The results were as follows: First, the development of infants differed by the family income. Infants' communication and problem solving skills in families with an income at the 25th percentile or below was lower than those above the 25th percentile. Second, parenting characteristics differed by family income. In the lower income group, the mother's parenting stress was highest, but the father's parenting time on weekends was lowest. Third, the most frequent activity of infants differed by family income. Playing with friends or caregivers was lowest, but watching TV and videos was highest in the lower income family group. Fourth, there was a relation among infants' development (communication and fine motor skills) and parenting characteristics (mother's parenting style, stress, and father's parenting time on weekends), and the infants' daily routines (playing with friends or caregivers). Fine motor development was affected by playing with a caregiver.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.42 no.10 s.200
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• pp.23-38
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• 2004

This study firstly investigated the relationships of children's social competence with the relevant factors such as mother's parental role satisfaction and parenting behaviors and secondly analyzed if parenting behaviors function as mediators. The subjects were 1865-year-old children and their mothers. The results showed that children's social competence was related to the children's sex, health, and mother's academic career. Children's social competence was influenced by the relation satisfaction between parents and children, the role conflict between wife and husband, the mother s warm-hearted and rational parenting, and the wife's satisfaction of her husband's support. The mother's warm-hearted and rational parenting functioned as a mediator(intermediary factor) between the children's social competence and the mother's parental role satisfaction.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.151-162
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to examine the impacts of various stressors among dual-earner families on parenting stress and marital satisfaction. Using a survey data collected from 168 dual-earner couples, this study investigated impact of various stressors, including husband division of labor, the satisfaction of childcare arrangement, husband's support on wife's outside work, family socioeconomic status, and strains from job. The finding suggested that, after controlling background variables(length of marriage, the number of children, and family income), high husbands' support on wife's outside work and low strains about their work hours had influenced on higher parenting stress among fathers, while high strains about their work hours had related to high parenting stress among mothers. It also found that high satisfaction on childcare arrangement and low depression were the factors predicting higher marital satisfaction of mothers, and high support on their wife's outside work, low work role strain, low depression, and low parenting stress had influenced on higher marital satisfaction among fathers. Discussions and recommendations for future research were added.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.329-339
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• 2017

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify the sexual maturation, parenting attitude, maturity fear and emotional and behavioral problems of girls in elementary school, and to examine the relation between these variables and factors that influence emotional and behavioral problems. Methods: Participants were 128 second, third and fourth year students from 3 elementary schools. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA and $Scheff{\acute{e}}$ test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 21.0. Results: Emotional and behavioral problems were related to eating rate, eating breakfast, frequency of late-night snacks and main communicator on pubertal development. Emotional and behavioral problems showed a positive correlation with maturity fear and father's parenting attitude (strictness) and a negative correlation with parenting attitude and father's parenting attitude (intimacy). Maturity fear, father's parenting attitude, eating breakfast, and main communicator on pubertal development had significant influence on emotional and behavioral problems of girls in elementary school. Conclusion: Findings show that for effective management of emotional and behavioral problems in elementary school girls, programs including coping with maturity fear, supportive parenting of father, diet education, and functional communication with mother on pubertal development should be developed.