• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.27-47
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether parent education programs conducted in South Korea were effective in changing in parents' behaviors, parents' internal characteristics, and children's characteristics. We retrieved journal articles published in Korea between 2006 and 2011 using keyword searches of electronic databases. A total of 41 studies were included in our meta-analyses. The results showed that parent education programs had large positive effects on parents' behavioral changes and children's changes along with medium to large effects on parents' internal changes. The strengths of effect sizes varied depending upon program characteristics including children's age, the number of participants, participants' gender, the number of sessions, and group characteristics. This study provided powerful scientific evidence for public policies and services that aim to support and empower parents by providing parent education programs.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.49-63
• /
• 2010

The current study examined the effects of socio-demographic characteristics and peer relations on the emotional, behavioral, and comorbid disorder symptoms among low-low-SES children, using the Young Lives Survey: an International Study of Childhood Poverty: Round 1, 2002. Participants were 1,000 8-year-old children (502 boys and 498 girls) from low-low-SES families. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, t-tests, post hoc test (Scheffe's method), correlations, and multiple logistic regression analyses according to the analysis strategy. There was a moderate correlation between selected socio-demographic variables and emotional/behavioral disorder symptoms, and the caregiver's marital status, child's health compared to others, child's work status corresponded to significant differences in their emotional/behavior levels. Regarding the logistic regression analysis, in addition to the effects of socio-demographic variables reflecting the characteristics of less-developed countries, marital status, child's working status, and conflicts with peers proved to be detrimental to emotional, behavioral, or comorbid disorder symptoms in low-SES children, who have been lack quality parenting, social resources, and child human rights. Results indicated the need to develop health care services that would address those problems and appropriate intervention and prevention programs targeting children in low-income families. Moreover, careful assessment and intervention for child's health status, child's working status and peer relationship problems are suggested as possible strategies for helping children at risk of exhibiting further problematic behaviors.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.89-109
• /
• 2023

Objective: This study examined the moderating effect of young children's temperament on the relationship between maternal anxiety and overprotection. Methods: A total of 250 mothers with 5-year-old children responded to online survey questionnaires, which included questions about maternal anxiety, overprotection, and their children's temperament. Results: The results of the study revealed several important findings. First, maternal anxiety had a positive correlation to the overall level of overprotection and all sub-factors. The correlation between young children's temperament and maternal overprotection had different results depending on the sub-factors of overprotection. Second, there was a significant moderating effect of young children's temperament on the relationship between maternal anxiety and overprotection. That is, When the reactivity of a child was low, the positive effect of maternal anxiety on maternal overprotection was greater. Looking at the sub-factors of overprotection, only reactive temperament showed a significant moderating effect in the relationship between maternal anxiety and intrusive overprotection. On the relationship between maternal anxiety and permissive overprotection, reactivity and adaptability had significant moderating effects. Conclusion/Implications: This study showed that mother's overprotection was associated with varying levels of their own anxiety and children's temperament. These findings offer basic knowledge for development of a program for improving parenting behaviors.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.24 no.6
• /
• pp.189-197
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate about the effects of parental rearing behavior on self-esteem and gender role stereotype during adolescence and to reveal the mediating effect of self-esteem on adolescents' gender role strerotype. Also investigated the relationship among these variables and condition variables. For this purpose, used the Second Grade longitudianl Panel data of Middle School from the Korea Youth Panel Survay(KYPS). And the latent growth model was analyzed 3,449 men and women adolescents' cases of the first, the fourth and the sixth wave of the Korea Youth Panel Survey(KYPS) administered by Korea Institute for Youth development. And the structural equation model was used to investigate whether self-esteem mediates parental rearing behavior and male and female gender role Strerotype. The results of this study, the direct effect between variable factors showed that the more positive the parenting behavior of the second grader of middle school is, the more positive the self-esteem of male adolescents and the initial value of stereotypes of male gender role. It also affects the self-esteem of female adolescents and stereotypes of female gender roles but not statistically significant. The male gender role stereotypes were decreased in influence by the rate of change of parental rearing behaviors, and the initial value and the rate of change of self-esteem were statistically influenced to the male gender role stereotypes and the higher the self-esteem, the higher the self-esteem. However, there was no significant effect on stereotypes of female gender roles. As a result of analyzing the mediating effect of self-esteem, partially mediated between the initial value of parental rearing behavior and initial stereotype of male gender role, but there was no longitudinal mediation effect. There was no mediating effect of self-esteem between parental rearing behaviors and stereotypes of female gender roles and there was no longitudinal mediation effect. The effect of condition variable gender was found that female adolescents are more affected by paretal rearing behavior than male adolescents and also affected by the growth process. The monthly income of households influenced the initial value of parental rearing behaviors and showed a difference in parental rearing behavior according to household income. And the higher the mother 's educational level, the more the self-esteem of male adolescents was affected.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.628-639
• /
• 2017

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of children's daily stress and employed mothers' nurturing attitude on children's problem behavior, as well as the mediating role of employed mothers' nurturing attitude. 160 children (aged 3-6, in city "D") and their mothers participated in this study. The SPSS 18.0 program was used to conduct a regression analysis to examine the correlation between the children's daily stress, their problem behavior and the employed mothers' nurturing attitude, depending on the gender of the children. The results were as follows : First, in the case of the boys, their aggression and attention have effects on their coercive attitude, and their anxiety and depression have effects of decreasing magnitude on their logical attitude, blaming / offensive stress and pride-hurt stress in that order. Secondly, in the case of the girls, their aggression has effects on their coercive attitude, and their attention has effects of decreasing magnitude on their anxiety / frustration stress and coercive logical attitude in that order. On the other hand, their anxiety / depression have effects of decreasing magnitude on their accused/offensive stress and coercive attitude in that order. Third, the employed mothers' nurturing attitude had mediating effects between the children's daily stress and their problem behavior. However, no such mediating effects were observed in the case of the boys. Therefore, the mothers tend to foster complementary and logical parenting, rather than coercive or negligent parenting. It is thought that children need to reduce their stress levels in everyday life (in order to?) reduce their problems.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.12-21
• /
• 2015

In an effort to expand working opportunities for women and encourage childbirth, the government of Korea introduced the free infant care policy in 2013. This policy, however, was controversial with regard to issues, such as budget shortages and dissatisfaction based on socioeconomic status. In addition, the lack of evidence-based data regarding adequate age criteria for the entry of children into childcare facilities was noted as a challenge. As child development professionals who are concerned with mental health issues, we investigated the influence and challenges of the free infant care policy with regard to infant mental health. In this review, we examined the policies enacted by developed countries, such as the United Kingdom (UK), and compared them with those in Korea. The childcare systems in Korea and the UK differ historically and socially, but show some similarities, such as maternal responsibility for parenting and household issues. Like Korea, the need for UK childcare facilities increased in the 1990's in response to market recovery and associated increase in female employment. Among the new policies in the UK, the Sure Start program has begun to provide integrated services for infants, particularly to those 0-4 years of age, who are vulnerable to social exclusion. Similar to the Dream Start program in Korea, it has been successful in providing family-related services, resulting in improvements in problematic behaviors of children, enhanced parenting skills, and decreased rates of severely injured children.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
• /
• v.43 no.1
• /
• pp.365-388
• /
• 2012

This study examined the effect of bilingual bicultural home environment and mother's command of Korean language on their participation in child rearing as well as on children's developmental outcomes. We carried out Analysis of Covariance Structure using the 1st year(2011) data of Gyeonggi Education Welfare Panel, which consists of 459 matched pairs of immigrant women and their 5th~6th grade children living in Gyeonggi-do. The results indicated that when the immigrant mother has good command of Korean language and the children are exposed to their maternal culture and language, mothers tend to actively participate in child rearing and this in turn has positive effects on developmental outcomes of their children. These results demonstrate that Korean language programs targeting immigrant women by marriage are important not only for assisting their employment and adaptation but also for enhancing parenting behaviors in multicultural families. Moreover these findings suggest that we need to understand the bilingual bicultural home environment in these families as a significant resource that contribute to their children's developmental outcomes and not as a risk factor to their adaptation, as it has frequently been viewed.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.16 no.7
• /
• pp.4520-4527
• /
• 2015

The purpose of this study is two-fold. One is to investigate the relationship between parental psychological/behavioral control and adolescents' self-esteem and their internalized/externalized problems. The other is to examine if self-esteem mediate the effects of parental control upon adolescents' internalized/externalized problems. Total of 355 girls(52%) and boys(48%) from middle(48%) and high school(52%) were participated. Results indicated that adolescents' self-esteem, and internalized/externalized problems were negatively related to parental psychological control, and positively related to parental behavioral control. It was also found that self-esteem partially mediated the effects of parental psychological control upon adolescents' internalized problems, and completely mediated the effects of parental behavioral control on their internalized as well as externalized problems. Some implications for advisable parenting behaviors were discussed.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.77-86
• /
• 2012

The significances of this study are that it offers the possibility of empirical measure, and analysis of the relevance among the temperament according to the degree of Internet addiction, parental rearing behaviors, and committing school violence and that, based on this, were drawn policy suggestions to prevent school violence according to the degree of Internet addiction. According to the results of this study it was revealed that there are differences in Internet addiction depending on the demographical and sociological characteristics. The result of investigating the impact of Internet addiction's degree on the actions of committing school violence shows that the level of general activities is high in the group of young people of Internet addiction and addiction risk, their low access/withdrawal temperament and mood temperament affect significantly the actions of committing school violence, and in parenting behavior mother's high expectations and low supervision affect youth Internet addiction and school violence. Thus, policy suggestions to prevent school violence according to Internet addiction were presented y dividing the role of government and schools, and homes.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.256-268
• /
• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to explore ecological factors and strategies for childhood obesity prevention targeting vulnerable children using a community-based participatory research (CBPR) methodology. Methods: The CBPR was conducted by following basic process steps. Participants were 12 community stakeholders such as community child center directors (n=4), vulnerable children's mothers (n=3), community health center officials (n=2), and lay health advisors (n=4); they were purposively sampled from K municipal county in Seoul, South Korea. The qualitative content analysis was performed to explore main themes of the ecological factors and strategies by using data obtained from 5 times of focus group interview. Results: Twelve ecological factors associated with childhood obesity prevention were identified: Intrapersonal factors including emotional overeating; interpersonal factors including permissive parenting style of children's eating behaviors; organizational factors including social workers' less educational opportunities; and community/policy factors including less government financial support. Four ecological strategies for childhood obesity prevention were addressed: Developing obesity prevention programs targeting vulnerable children' lifestyles; promoting parents' active participation in education; building healthy meal service environments through empowering social workers; and building supportive community environment and securing community resources for child obesity prevention. Conclusion: Our findings may be informative in terms of providing a comprehensive understanding of multi-level ecological barriers against vulnerable children' obesity prevention and, moreover, guiding multi-level strategies for preventing childhood obesity targeting children enrolled in community child centers.