• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.25 no.1 s.85
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• pp.87-99
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• 2007

This study examines the relationship between mothers' parental intelligence, parenting stress and the perception of parents regarding their children's very early extra-curricula education. A total of 436 mothers, whose children were enrolled in seven private kindergarten and child-care centers in Seoul, responded to the questionnaire. The results of this study show that the mothers who participated generally have high parental intelligence scores, but the scores of their parenting stress were low. They also tend to view their very young children's extracurricular education in a positive light. These three variables also appear to be significantly different based on the educational level and family income of the mothers. Finally, a significant relationship is shown to exist between the mothers' parental intelligence and their parenting stress, although the mothers' parental intelligence does not seem to be significantly related to their perceptions of very early extracurricular education for their children. However, the study suggests that the parenting stress of mothers is significantly related to their perception regarding very early extracurricular education.

• Child Studies in Asia-Pacific Contexts
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.51-58
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• 2011

The purpose of this research is to study differences in perceived parental neglectful behaviors between siblings from a child's perspective. The data were collected using the Multidimensional Neglectful Behavior Scales (MNBS) questionnaire from 158 sibling pairs in grades 4, 5, and 6 who attended the same elementary schools. Younger sibling experienced emotional neglect by their parents significantly more than older siblings. Same gender sibling pairs and older brotheryounger sister pairs perceived their parental neglectful behaviors in a similar manner. However older sister-younger brother pairs showed that the younger brother perceived significantly more neglect than his older sister. This study clearly illustrated that siblings' perceptions of their parents' neglectful behaviors exists differently within a family contrary to previous studies which have shown that siblings' perception of parental neglectful behaviors are similar. The results suggest that the younger brother in mixed-gender sibling pairs are far more likely to experience neglect than any other sibling. Thus, even though siblings can be at equal risk in experiencing parental neglect, the effects can vary depending on the birth order.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.107-118
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• 1990

The purposes of this study are to investigate the children's prosocial behavior as related to (1) their perception of parental warmth, control and the relationship of this perception to parent's job status and educational level (2) their siblings (3) children's sex. The subjects were 220 third grade children selected from four elementary schools in Seoul. The instruments were a perception of parental warmth and control scale and a peer rating prosocial behavior scale. Frequencies, percentiles, mean, Pearson's correlation, t-test oneway ANOVA, and Scheffe test were used for data analysis. The major findings are as follows; 1. There were significant relationships between parental warmth, control, and children' s prosocial behavior. The children who perceived more parental warmth and control were rated more prosocial by their peers. 2. Children whose parent's were above college graduates and white collar jobs perceived more parental warmth and control. 3. Children's prosocial behavior were significantly different according ti sibling number, birth-order, and sibling structure. 4. Girls were rated more prosocial than boys.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.21-39
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between parental attribution and self-perception in parenting roles according to parenting success or failure situations. A total of 138 mothers who have toddlers in Seoul and other big cities in Korea completed questionnaires, and data were analyzed by paired t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, Fisher's Z score, and multi-regression. The results are as follows: First, mothers in parenting success situations showed higher parental attribution than mothers in parenting failure situations. Second, correlations between parental attribution and self-perception in parenting roles turned out to be significantly different between parenting success situations and failure situations. Third, both internal attribution such as ability and effort, and external attribution such as child behavior and task difficulty, significantly predicted self-perception in parenting roles including equilibrium feeling, competence, satisfaction and parenting investment, especially in parenting failure situations. The implications of the difference in parental attribution between parenting success and failure situations have been discussed.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.1566-1573
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• 2012

In this study, a survey was carried out on 200 23-year old unmarried men and women attending j university in j city from October 4 to October 7, 2011 to figure out pre-parents' perception of parental role and view of children, and put forward the necessity of pre-parent education by providing opportunities for pre-parent education. The results are summarized as follows. First, the perception of general parenting and parental role showed that 'parenting' is the highest, following by 'parental role'. For women, nuclear families and large families, who feel much necessity of pre-parent education in the academic liberal arts, the perception of general parenting, parental role and parenting by sub-factors was positive. Second, the perception of general view of children showed that 'children plan' is the highest, followed by 'pregnancy and birth.' For those surveyed, who have a plan for marriage and children plan or feel much necessity of pre-parent education in the academic liberal arts, the perception of general view of children, children plan by sub-factors, and pregnancy and birth was relatively positive. As for findings stated above, for pre-parents in their 20s~30s, women' perception of parental role and view of children was more positive than men'. And nuclear families' or large families' perception was more positive than single parent families'. These findings confirm there is a difference between parental role and view of children according to growth environments of pre-parents in social realities that the low birth rate is growing.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.24 no.1 s.79
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• pp.181-192
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• 2006

This study investigated the effects of children's gender, parental divorce, and children's perception of parenting behaviors on children's behavior problems. The subjects were 80 children in divorced families(46boys and 34girls) and 74 children in non-divorced families (37boys and 37girls). They completed questionnaire assessing perception of parenting behaviors and their teacher rated K-CBCL(withdrawal, depression/anxiety, aggression). Results were as follows. First, children in non-divorced families perceived their parenting behavior more positively. Second, boys had more behavior problems such as depression/anxiety and aggression than girls. Third, children in divorced families had more behavior problems such as withdrawal, depression/anxiety, and aggression than children in non-divorced families. Fourth, children's withdrawal was affected by parental divorce and children's perception of parenting behaviors, and children's depression/ anxiety and aggression were affected by parental divorce and children's gender.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.178-187
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• 2017

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to identify the relationships among perceived parental bonding, illness perception, and anxiety and to determine the influences of perceived parental bonding and illness perception on anxiety in adult patients with congenital heart diseases. Methods: In this study a descriptive correlational design with survey method was utilized. The participants were 143 adult patients with congenital heart disease being cared for in the cardiology out-patient clinic of A medical center. Data were collected using the Parental Bonding Instrument, Illness Perception Questionnaire Revised Scale, and Cardiac Anxiety Questionnaire Scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis, and hierarchial regression analyses. Results: There showed significant positive relationships of anxiety with maternal overprotection, consequences, and personal control respectively. Among predictors, maternal overprotection (${\beta}=.45$), consequence (${\beta}=.26$), and personal control (${\beta}=-.03$) had statistically significant influence on anxiety. Conclusion: Nursing interventions to decrease maternal overprotection and negative consequence, and to enhance personal control are essential to decrease the anxiety of adult patients with congenital heart diseases.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.19-34
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of parental role responsibilities among adolescents on resilience and the moderating effects of self-esteem. The research participants were 431 middle school students living in Gwangju. Data were collected from self-reported questionnaires and analyzed using the SPSS 23.0 program. The major findings were as follows: First, the adolescents' perception of parental role responsibilities, resilience, and self-esteem scores were higher than the median(3.00) score. Second, there was a positive correlation among perception of parental role responsibilities (emotion & sociality, education), resilience, and self-esteem. Third, self-esteem had a statistically positive moderating effect on the resilience. It signified that the relationship between perception of parental role responsibilities (emotion & sociality, education) and resilience appeared differently depending on the self-esteem, which means that self-esteem had a positive effect on the resilience.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.254-266
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• 2013

Purpose: This study examined the characteristics of in-home injuries of children in low-income families and sought to identify the factors affecting parental in-home injury prevention practices. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive survey design was applied, using questionnaires on in-home injury characteristics in children, parental in-home injury prevention practices, parental perceptions and knowledge on childhood injuries, and the Parental Stress Index. We queried 169 parents of children less than 5years of age who were enrolled in Nutrition Plus Projects at community health centers. Results: Overall, 92.7% of children had experienced in-home injuries, with sliding crashes and bumping injuries as the most frequent type of injury. The recovery rate with a scar after injury was 26.3%. Parental practices for in-home injury prevention were higher according parental age, educational status, and previous learning experiences regarding in-home safety and injury prevention. The two most significant factors affecting parental in-home injury prevention practices were age and parental perception of childhood injuries as being controllable and preventable. Conclusions: Considering the high risk of in-home childhood injuries in low-income families, safety education and the promotion of injury prevention practices for parents are recommended. The strategy to enhance the parental perception on preventing childhood injuries needs to be addressed.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.241-257
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• 2004

Data were collected from 514 elementary school students from 1st to 6th grade with questionnaires on Parental Behavior, Bullying, and Peer-Victimization. Sixth graders reported the lowest perception of warmth-acceptance, and 1st graders reported the highest perception of rejection-restriction by fathers. Males perceived more parental rejection-restriction. Children perceived more warmth-acceptance from mothers, and they perceived more permissiveness-nonintervention from fathers. Parenting behaviors were significantly related to bullying and victimization. The Bullying/Victimization group reported the lowest parental warmth-acceptance. Both Victimization and Bullying/Victimization groups showed higher parental rejection-restriction than other groups. The Victimization group showed highest paternal permissiveness-nonintervention. Victimization and Bullying/Victimization groups reported higher maternal permissiveness-nonintervention than other groups.