• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.42 no.9
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• pp.161-175
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• 2004

This study aimed to find the general tendencies of parental family-of-origin experiences and conflict and their children's behavioral problems as a function of a child's sex, as well as the causal relationships among these variables. Three hundred and five 4th and 5th graders filled out the Korean Version of Achenbach's Child Behavior Checklist. Parents of these children answered the Family-of-Origin Scale and Marital Conflict Inventory. The results were as follows. 1) Fathers experienced more of emotional cut-off from their family of origin than mothers did. However, mothers had more of triangulation and emotional separation from their family of origin than fathers did. 2) Both fathers and mothers reported that mothers had more of marital conflicts. 3) Daughters showed more physical symptoms than sons while sons showed more delinquent behaviors. 4) While parental experiences from the family-of-origin effected the parents' marital conflicts, they didn't influence the children's behavioral problems through marital conflicts.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.421-434
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the effect of parental self-esteem on late school-aged children's media device addiction by mediating marital conflict and children's self-esteem. Methods: This study used data from the 11th (2018) Panel Study on Korean Children. The participants consisted of 1,082 family triads (fathers, mothers, and children). Data were collected using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Marital Conflict Scale, and K-Internet Addiction Scale. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling with SPSS/WIN 27.0 and Mplus 8.7. Results: The final model showed a good fit for the data. Children's media device addiction was directly related to mothers' self-esteem, mothers' marital conflict, and children's self-esteem. Fathers' self-esteem had a significant indirect effect on children's media device addiction by mediating both fathers' and mothers' marital conflict. In addition, mothers' self-esteem had a significant indirect effect on children's media device addiction by mediating mothers' marital conflict. Conclusion: The findings indicates that self-esteem and marital conflict for both fathers and mothers have a significant effect on children's media device addiction. It suggests that more attention might be given to fathers and mothers in developing interventions to prevent children's media device addiction.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.115-126
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among parents' marital conflict perceived by school-aged children, children's aggression, and peer harassment six hundred thirty seven 5th and 6th graders (306 girls and 331 boys) participated in this study. Each participant completed a children's perception of parental conflict scale, a children's aggression scale, and a peer harassment scale. Major findings of this study are as follows: 1) In terms of physical harassment, boys were bullied and victimized more than girls. 2) Children's aggression was positively related to the physical and relational peer harassment. Parents' marital conflict was positively related to children's aggression. There was a statistically significant relationship between parents marital conflict and physical and relational peer harassment. 3) Parents' marital conflict and children's aggression influenced physical and relational harassment for both boys and girls.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.51-59
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• 2004

Parents' marital conflicts are often linked to various emotional and behavioural difficulties of their children but rarely known about later adolescent and adult lives. This study was undertaken to examine if serious parental conflict such as divorce and/or separation in childhood was associated with emotional and social performance during later adolescent and adult lives. The research literature on divorce was briefly reviewed. The data was derived from the National Child Development Study (NCDSS 1974/age 16 - 1991/age 33) which followed the lives of 17,500 individuals born on March 3-9, 1958 in England, Scotland and Wales. Regression analyses indicate strong evidence that the experience of parental divorce or separation in childhood negatively affects the child's emotional and social performance in their subsequent life. The higher likelihood of having emotional problems, being less competent at their job, experiencing health/disability problems, being a lone-parent, unemployed, and homeless were strongly associated with parental divorce or separation experienced in childhood. Intervention is desirable to address the concerns influencing socio-psychological performance amongst children who have experienced parental divorce or separation.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.53-68
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to highlight the importance of 'marital preparation skill' by focusing on more substantial and tangible skills in marriage life, and to conduct an exploratory research to examine the current conditions and gender differences in marital preparation skills of college students. Data were gathered through a self-administered questionnaire in four universities located in Seoul and Gyeong-gi areas in the spring of 2013, and a total of 332 senior students chosen were used for data analysis. Based on the instrument used in Olson & Olson's(2000) PREPARE/ENRICH Program, the present study sought to suggest a measurement tool with the moniker of 'marital preparation skill' that included seven domains: conflict resolution skill, sexual relationship skill, household labor skill, financial management skill, leisure management skill, parenting preparation skill, and parental role skill. Each domain consisted of four items and thus, a total of 28 items were utilized for this study. Descriptive statistics were analyzed in order to examine the degree of marital preparation skills, and t-tests were conducted in order to assess the gender differences in marital preparation skills. The main results of this study are as follows: First, overall the degree of marital preparation skills of male students was higher than that of female students. Particularly, female students were lower than male students in the skills of financial management and conflict resolution. Second, regarding the basic household labor skill related to clothing and housing life, male students showed higher than female students, implying the impact of military life. Third, even though the degree of consciousness about appropriate preparation of parenthood and parental role seemed to be heightened, the actual degree of readiness of college students revealed to be insufficient. Male students had a much higher degree of confidence and sacrifice acceptance about parenthood, and understanding about their parents' child-rearing style than female students, while the mindset of child-rearing participation of male students was lower than that of female students. Findings of this study can be used as basic data for developing more effective and differentiated educational programs of marital preparation skills for men and women.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.49-63
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• 2017

Objective: The main purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between marital conflict, parentification, and adolescent anxiety. Methods: The participants comprised 301 high school students from the Seoul province. They were asked to complete questionnaires that consisted of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Children's Perception of Interparental Conflict Scale, and the Filial Responsibility Scale-Youth. The data were analyzed by frequency analysis, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, descriptive statistical analysis, Pearson's correlation coefficients, multiple regression analysis, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis. To analyze the collected data, SPSS 18.0 was used. Results: First, the content and resolution of marital conflict had an effect on both adolescent state anxiety and trait anxiety. Second, unfairness parentification had an effect on both adolescent state anxiety and trait anxiety. Third, the frequency of marital conflict had an effect on emotional parentification. Further, the intensity, content, and resolution of marital conflict had effect on unfairness parentification. Fourth, unfairness parentification played a partial mediating role in the relationship between the content of marital conflict and adolescent anxiety (state anxiety/trait anxiety). In addition, unfairness parentification played a complete mediating role in the relationship between the resolution of marital conflict and adolescent trait anxiety. Conclusion: These results indicate that parentification plays an important role in marital conflict and adolescent anxiety. In addition, this study also shows that marital conflict has an important effect on adolescent anxiety directly. Therefore, this study will be useful for developing both parental education and counseling programs for adolescents.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.339-351
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to inquire into how children's internet addiction is affected by home environments, computing environments, parental marital conflicts, parenting attitudes and parental monitoring and control as perceived by children. The study was conducted on 579 sixth graders at elementary schools located in Daejeon City. The data was analyzed by frequency, percentage, $X^2$, one way ANOVA, and scheffe analysis using the SPSS 18.0 version program. The results were as follows: first, out of 579 students, 5.0% were classified as at high-risk for addiction; 22.8% as at potential-risk; 72.2% as normal. Second, in the high-risk group, boys accounted for a higher percentage compared to girl students. Mothers' academic backgrounds and fathers' occupations affected the children's internet addiction. Third, the high-risk group tended to use the internet in internet cafes, to use it before going to elementary school, to use it for at least 4 hours once, and to use it to play games. Fourth, the high-risk group perceived parents marital conflicts as more frequent and more severer, as compared to other groups. Fifth, while the high-risk group perceived parenting attitudes as negative, the normal group perceived them as positive. Sixth, the potential-risk group and the normal group perceived parental monitoring and control as more frequent, as compared to the high-risk group.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.211-224
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• 2008

The Ecological variables studied in relation to children's school adjustment were organisms(grade, sex, perceived competence, aggression and withdrawal), microsystems(parental support, marital conflict and supervision, peer victimization and perceived teacher attitude), mesosystems(family-peer relationships, family-school relationships) and the exosystem(neighborhood environment). The sample consisted of 565 fifth and sixth grade children. Instruments were the School Adjustment Scale and Index of organisms, microsystems, mesosystems, and exosystem variables. Statistics and methods used for the data analysis were Cronbach's alpha, frequency, percentage, Pearson's correlation and multiple regression. Several major results were found from the analysis. First, children's school adjustment showed positive correlations with perceived competence, parental support and supervision, perceived teacher attitude, family/peer and family/school relationships and neighborhood environment but showed negative correlations with grade, aggression, withdrawal and parental marital conflict and peer victimization. Second, the most important variable predicting child's relationship with teacher, his/her academic adjustment and satisfaction in schoolwas perceived teacher attitude. And the most important variable predicting children's peer relationships in school was perceived social competence.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.1-12
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• 2008

The variables studied in relation to adolescents' prosocial behaviors were grade, prosocial moral reasoning, empathy, self-esteem, parental prosocial behaviors, support and marital conflict, social economic status, peer prosocial behaviors and support, teacher support, school life satisfaction and achievement. The sample consisted of 837 seventh and tenth grade adolescents. Statistics and methods used for the data analysis were Cronbach's alpha, frequency, percentage, t-test, Pearson's correlation and multiple regression. Several major results were found from the analysis. First, female students had more prosocial behaviors than male students. Second, male and female students' prosocial behaviors showed positive correlations with grade, prosocial moral reasoning, empathy, self-esteem, parental and peer prosocial behaviors and support, teacher support and school life satisfaction. However, female students' prosocial behaviors had a negative correlation with parental marital conflict. Third, important variables predicting male and female students' prosocial behaviors were empathy, peer prosocial behaviors and parental prosocial behaviors. Important variables predicting male students' prosocial behaviors were teacher support and prosocial moral reasoning. On the other hand, the important variable predicting female students' prosocial behaviors was self-esteem.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.207-221
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• 2008

This study examined different individual, family factors and classroom environment that affect children's perceived competency. For an analysis, achievement motivation, intrinsic locus of control and anxiety were included in individual variables. For family factors, parental support and marital conflict were examined. For classroom psycho-social environment, teacher support, peer relations, classroom involvement and teacher control were used. The sample consisted of 565 fifth and sixth grade children. Statistics and methods used for the data analysis were Cronbach's alpha, Factor analysis, frequency, percentage, t-test, Pearson's correlation, and Hierarchical Regression. Several major results were found from the analysis. First, boy's perceived academic competency was higher than girl's. And no sex difference was in children's social and athletic competency. Second, boy's and girl's perceived academic and social competency and boy's perceived athletic competency had a positive correlation with achievement motivation, intrinsic locus of control, parental support, teacher support, peer relations and classroom involvement. And girl's perceived athletic competency had a positive correlation with achievement motivation, intrinsic locus of control, parental support and peer relations. But boy's and girl's perceived academic and social competency and boy's perceived athletic competency had a negative correlation with anxiety and parental marital conflict. Third, the most important variable predicting boy's and girl's perceived academic competency was achievement motivation. The most important variable predicting boy's and girl's perceived social competency was peer relations. And the most important variable predicting boy's perceived athletic competency was peer relations. On the other hand, the most important variable predicting girl's perceived athletic competency was father's support.