• Membrane Journal
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.77-94
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• 2012

Amorphous ceramic membranes have been developed for gas phase separation and liquid phase separation (water treatment, wastewater treatment and separation of organic solvent or compounds) because of their thermal stability and solvent resistance. In this paper, ceramic membranes were categorized by membrane pore size and materials, and summarized for hydrogen separation, carbon dioxide separation, membrane reactor, pervaporation and water treatment with membrane structure and properties.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.53 no.5
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• pp.576-583
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• 2015

This paper aims to investigate the potential use of cempedak durian peel (CDP) from Negara Brunei Darussalam, which is low-cost, locally available, eco-friendly and highly efficient to remove methyl violet (MV) dye from aqueous solutions. The time required for equilibrium to be reached is 2.0 h with no adjustment of pH necessary. FTIR analysis was indicative of the involvement of -COOH and C=O functional groups in adsorption process. The Langmuir model provided the best fit with maximum adsorption capacity of $0.606mmol\;g^{-1}$. Thermodynamics data indicate that the adsorption is spontaneous, feasible and endothermic in nature. Best regeneration of CDP's adsorption ability is achieved by base solution, showing about 95% removal efficiency of MV even after 5 cycles, indicating that CDP can be regenerated and reused. This, together with its high adsorption capacity, makes CDP a potential adsorbent for the removal of MV in wastewater.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.280-285
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• 2004

This paper is concerned with the modeling and identification of sequencing batch reactor (SBR) via genetic algorithm based polynomial neural network (GA-based PNN). The model describes a biological SBR used in the wastewater treatment process fur nitrogen removal. A conventional polynomial neural network (PNN) is applied to construct a predictive model of SBR process fur nitrogen removal before. But the performances of PNN depend strongly on the number of input variables available to the model, the number of input variables and type (order) of the polynomials to each node. They must be fixed by the designer in advance before the architecture is constructed. So the trial and error method must go with heavy computation burden and low efficiency. To alleviate these problems, we propose GA-based PNN. The order of the polynomial, the number of input variables, and the optimum input variables are encoded as a chromosome and fitness of each chromosome is computed. Simulation results have shown that the complex SBR process can be modeled reasonably well by the present scheme with a much simpler structure compared with the conventional PNN model.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.36-40
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• 2018

Climate change is one of the major issues in both the developed and developing world. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emission is one of the implications for climate change. It is increasing rapidly. Although the emission is much less when compared to the rest of the world, Ethiopia has also faced this global issue. The major source for GHG emission in Ethiopia is agriculture. Therefore, the agriculture sector has to be given more attention in Ethiopia. To overcome the problem, Climate-Resilient Green Economy (CRGE) strategy has been initiated. One way of executing this target is to create a sustainable and environmentally friendly pathway to use agricultural byproducts. Sugarcane is one of the major plants in Ethiopia. Its byproducts are bagasse, molasses, and press mud. Since it is a waste product, it is economical and creates a sustainable and green environment by reducing GHG emissions. Sugarcane byproducts have versatile applications like as fuel, as cement replacing material, as a mitigation for expansive soils, as biosorbent for the treatment of water and wastewater and also as a wood material. However, Ethiopia has not used this byproduct massively as it is readily available. This paper reviews the possible applications of sugarcane byproducts to mitigate climate change.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.272-277
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• 2014

At present, the index of chemical oxygen demand (COD) is widely used as an indicator of organic water pollution with biochemical oxygen demand (BOD). But, traditional COD measurement method are not only with various chemical reagents exhausted, but also long time consumed, the operation procedure and the modification are much professional. This paper reported a novel COD measurement system using double-beam and multiple wavelength analysis UV-VIS spectrometries. It consists of pulsed xenon lamp, two-way optical fiber, optical switch, spectrometer and main processor. Proposed COD measurement system obtains any spectral information of water sample (KHP standard sample and two river water and wastewater) and reference sample (distilled water) in the range of 200~520 nm, corresponding to the COD concentration from 0 to 300 mg/L through calculating the UV absorbance. The system show improved precision and can work continuously fast at time interval about 25 seconds.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 2018

Coagulation process using aluminum sulfate ($Al_2(SO_4)_3$) and ferric chloride ($FeCl_3$) was employed as a treatment method for decolorization of a synthetic textile wastewater containing red dye in this paper. Factors such as initial pH, coagulant dosage, initial concentration, conductivity and mixing conditions that influence color removal efficiency were experimentally tested. It was found that $Al_2(SO_4)_3$ is more efficient than $FeCl_3$ as coagulant. When $40mgL^{-1}$ aluminum sulfate was used, results showed that color induced by the red dye was efficiently removed (> 90 %) and was obtained in a large range of initial pH from 4 to 8 with, and for a dye concentration lower than $235mg\;L^{-1}$. After addition of the coagulant, the medium had to be mixed for 30 min at 60 rpm, then allowed to settle for 40 min. The effects of water conductivity in the range $0.035-2.42mS\;cm^{-1}$ and dye concentration up to $380mg\;L^{-1}$ were also followed and discussed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.247-253
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• 2004

As a large scale port development in coastal waters proceeds step by step and populations in the vicinity of port are getting increased, the issue on "how to dispose the treated municipal water and wastewater in harbor" brings peoples′ concern. The submarine outfall system discharges the primary or secondary treated effluent at the coastline or in deep water, or between these two. The effluent, which has a density similar to that of fresh water, rises to the sea surface forming plume or jet, together with entraining the surrounding sea water and becomes very dilute. We intended in this paper to investigate the impact on dilution of effluent and the behavior of flume under the conditions of the seasonal and spatial temperature variations, which have not been noticeable in designing effective marine outfall system. To predict and analyze the behaviour and dilution characteristics of plume not just with the effluent temperature, but also with the seasonal variation of temperature of surround water and tidal changes, CORMIX(Cornell Mixing Zone Expert System)-GI have been applied. The results should be used with caution in evaluation the mixing zone characteristics of discharged water. We hope to help for the effective operation of outfall system, probable outfall design, protection of water quality, and warm water discharges from a power plant, etc.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.387-389
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• 2018

As science advances, the kinds of energy that humanity can use are increasing. Since most of these are energy that pollute the environment, environmental pollution will become increasingly serious if we continue to use this energy. Therefore, in this paper, we want to study how to develop using less polluting hydroelectric power. As a result, we built a hydroelectric generator that was developed using wastewater that was installed in a drainage port. Through this study, it is successful to use this generator in each home or underdeveloped country.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• v.1
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• pp.126-129
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• 2006

The marine environment is under considerable threat from intentional or accidental oil spills, ballast water discharged, dredging and infilling for coastal development, and uncontrolled sewage and industrial wastewater discharges. Monitoring spills and illegal oil discharges is an important component in ensuring compliance with marine protection legislation and general protection of the coastal environments. For the monitoring task an image processing system is needed that can efficiently perform the detection and the tracking of oil spills and in this direction a significant amount of research work has taken place mainly with the use of radar (SAR) remote sensing data. In this paper the level set image segmentation technique was tested for the detection of oil spills. Level set allow the evolving curve to change topology (break and merge) and therefore boundaries of particularly intricate shapes can be extracted. Experimental results demonstrated that the level set segmentation can be used for the efficient detection and monitoring of oil spills, since the method coped with abrupt shape’s deformations and splits.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.269-279
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• 2013

In this paper, an environmental assessment was carried out on the whole process of industrial business activities to establish a basic plan for climate change mitigation and energy independency. The whole process was divided into each discharge process in terms of water, air, solid waste, green house gases and refractory organic compounds. The flowcharts and basic unit of process were analysed for three years (2008-2010), being utilized as basic information for the life cycle assessment. It was found that the unit loading for the whole process significantly depends on changes in the operation rate change and highly concentrated wastewater inflow. About 35% of solid waste production was reduced by improving the incineration method with co-combustion in coal boiler, generating about 57% of electricity used for the whole process, and consequently reducing the energy costs. As the eco-efficiency index was found to be more than 1, compared to the previous years, it can be said that improvement in general has taken place.