• 대한수학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.783-801
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• 2006

Let A be the mod p Steenrod algebra for p an arbitrary odd prime and S the sphere spectrum localized at p. In this paper, some useful propositions about the May spectral sequence are first given, and then, two new nontrivial homotopy elements ${\alpha}_1{\jmath}{\xi}_n\;(p{\geq}5,n\;{\geq}\;3)\;and\;{\gamma}_s{\alpha}_1{\jmath}{\xi}_n\;(p\;{\geq}\;7,\;n\;{\geq}\;4)$ are detected in the stable homotopy groups of spheres, where ${\xi}_n\;{\in}\;{\pi}_{p^nq+pq-2}M$ is obtained in [2]. The new ones are of degree 2(p - 1)($p^n+p+1$) - 4 and 2(p - 1)($p^n+sp^2$ + sp + (s - 1)) - 7 and are represented up to nonzero scalar by $b_0h_0h_n,\;b_0h_0h_n\tilde{\gamma}_s\;{\neq}\;0\;{\in}\;Ext^{*,*}_A^(Z_p,\;Z_p)$ in the Adams spectral sequence respectively, where $3\;{\leq}\;s\;<\;p-2$.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.1-3
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• 2002

A p-n junction was obtained by the deposition of an n-type ZnO thin film on a p-type Zn-doped InP substrate. The Zn-doped InP substrate has been made by the diffusion of Zn with sealed ampoule technique. The ZnO deposition process was performed by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). The p-n junction was formed and showed typical I-V characteristics. We will also discuss about the realization of an ultraviolet light-emitting diode (LED). The structure of n-ZnO/p-Zn-doped InP could be a good candidate for the realization of an ultraviolet light-emitting diode or an ultraviolet laser diode.

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.169-179
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• 2009

Let P be a (n, n − 1, j)-poset, which is a partially ordered set of cardinality n with n − 1 maximal elements and $j(1{\leq}j{\leq}n-1)$ minimal elements, and $P^*$ the dual poset of P. In this paper, we obtain two types of incidence codes of nonempty proper subset S of P and $P^*$, respectively, by using Bogart's method [1] (see Theorem 3.3).

• 한국결정학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.35-39
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• 2004

Two new nickel vanadium borophosphate cluster compounds, $(NH_4)_{10}[Ni(H_2O)_5]_4[V_2P_2BO_{12}]_6{\cdot}nH_2O$ (1) and $(NH_4)_{3.5}(C_3H_{12}N_2)_{3.5}[Ni(H_2O)_6]_{1.25}{[Ni(H_2O)_5]_2[V_2P_2BO_{12}]_6{\cdot}nH_2O$ (2) have been synthesized and structurally characterized. Inter-diffusion methods were employed to prepare the compounds. The cluster anion $[(NH_4)\;{\supset}\;V_2P_2BO_{12}]_6$ is used as a building unit in the synthesis of new compounds containing $Ni(H_2O){^{2+}_5}$ in the presence of pyrazine and 1,3-diaminopropane. Compounds contain isolated cluster anions with general composition ${[Ni(H_2O)_5]_n[(NH_4)\;{\supset}\;V_2P_2BO_{12}]_6}^{-(17-2n)}$ (n = 2, 4). Crystal data: $(NH_4)_{10}[Ni(H_2O)_5]_4[V_2P_2BO_{12}]_6{\cdot}nH_2O$, monoclinic, space group C2/m (no. 12), a = 27.538(2) ${\AA}$, b = 20.366(2) ${\AA}$, c = 11.9614(9) ${\AA}$, ${\beta}$ = 112.131(1)$^{\circ}$, Z = 8; $(NH_4)_{3.5}(C_3H_{12}N_2)_b[Ni(H_2O)_6]_{3.5}{[Ni(H_2O)_5]_2[V_2P_2BO_{12}]_6{\cdot}nH_2O$, triclinic, space group P-1 (no. 2), a = 17.7668(9) ${\AA}$, b = 17.881(1) ${\AA}$, c = 20.668(1) ${\AA}$, ${\alpha}$ = 86.729(1)$^{\circ}$, ${\beta}$ \ 65.77(1)$^{\circ}$, ${\gamma}$ = 80.388(1)$^{\circ}$, Z = 2.

• 호남수학학술지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.369-380
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• 2009

Let $X,X_1,X_2,\;{\cdots}$ be identically distributed and negatively associated random variables with mean zeros and positive, finite variances. We prove that, if $E{\mid}X_1{\mid}^r$ < ${\infty}$, for 1 < p < 2 and r > $1+{\frac{p}{2}}$, and $lim_{n{\rightarrow}{\infty}}n^{-1}ES^2_n={\sigma}^2$ < ${\infty}$, then $lim_{{\epsilon}{\downarrow}0}{\epsilon}^{{2(r-p}/(2-p)-1}{\sum}^{\infty}_{n=1}n^{{\frac{r}{p}}-2-{\frac{1}{p}}}E\{{{\mid}S_n{\mid}}-{\epsilon}n^{\frac{1}{p}}\}+={\frac{p(2-p)}{(r-p)(2r-p-2)}}E{\mid}Z{\mid}^{\frac{2(r-p)}{2-p}}$, where $S_n\;=\;X_1\;+\;X_2\;+\;{\cdots}\;+\;X_n$ and Z has a normal distribution with mean 0 and variance ${\sigma}^2$.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.301-310
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• 1988

Dioxane/water (50 : 50, v/v) 용매 중에서 N-(5-phenyl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)-N'-arylformamidine의 mononuclear heterocyclic rearrangement반응에 대한 속도를 분광광도법으로 측정하였다. pH에 따라 두가지의 다른 반응경로, 즉 pH에 무관한 경로와 pH에 의존하는 경로가 있음을 알았다. pH에 무관한 경로에서는 치환기효과를 IYT식으로 해석한 결과 질소-질소 결합의 형성이 우세하지만 질소-수소 결합도 약간 절단된 전이상태를 가진다고 결론지을 수 있었다. 한편 pH에 의존하는 경로에서는 위로 오목한 Hammett plot를 나타냈으며, 이는 전이상태에서 전자를 미는 치환기의 경우에는 질소-질소 결합의 형성이 질소-수소 결합의 절단보다 진전되어 있고 전자를 당기는 치환기의 경우에는 질소-수소 결합의 절단이 질소-질소 결합의 형성보다는 약간 더 진전되어 있기 때문으로 결론지을 수 있었다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.287-290
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• 2010

Peracetylated lactosyl carbamides와 N-phenyl-S-chloro isothiocarbamoyl chloride를 고리화 반응을 시켜서 peracetylated N-Lactosyl-1,2,4-thiadiazolidin-3-one hydrochlorides를 합성하였으며, 얻어진 화합물을 이용하여 bacteria S. aureus, E. coli, P. Vulgaris, P. Aeruginosa and fungi A. Niger, Penicillium 항균 활성을 연구하였다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.307-315
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• 1994

본 연구는 휴경지 및 완경사지를 잡약적인 방법으로 초지를 조성하여 단기간(3~6년)에 걸쳐 목초생산성을 증진하는데 자적을 두고 orchardgrass(OG)-red clover(RC) 단순혼파초지의 관리 및 이용체계를 확립하고자 1991년에서 1993년까지 3년간 N-P-K 시비수준 6처리를 두어 (0-0-0-, 50-100-100, 100-150-150, 200-250-250, 300-250-250kg/ha)충남대학교 농과대학 시험포장에서 수행되었던 바, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. N-P-K 시비수준의 높아짐에 따라 처리구에서 OG의 건물수량은 현저히 증가된 반면에 RC의 건물수량은 감소되었다(P<0.01). 3년 평균 - 건물수량은 N-P-K 300-350-350kg/ha 수준에서 13,082kg으로 가장 높았고 다음이 200-250-250kg/ha와 150-200-200kg/ha수준에서 각각 10,664kg과 10,564kg을 얻었으나 두 수준간에 차이는 인정되지 않았다. 2. 식생구성비율 N-P-K 시비수준이 높아짐에 따라 OG는 증가되었고 반면에 RC는 감소되었다. 3년차 최종 예취시 식생구성비율은 ha당 N-P-K 시비수준이 0-0-0-일 때 OGdkh RC의 비율이 20%:80%인데 비해 150-200-200kg/ha에서는 60%:40% 이었고 300-350-350kg/ha 수준에서는 84%:16%이었다. 3. CP 함량 및 DMD는 N-P-K 시비수준이 높아짐에 따라 모든 처리구에서 RC의 식생구성비율 감소로 인해 낮아졌으며(P<0.05) 반대로 NDF gkaifd은 높아지는 경향이었다(P<0.01). 4. CP 및 DDM 함량은 N-P-K 시비수준이 높아질수록 모든 처리구에서 유의적으로 증가되었다. 3년 평균 CP 및 DDM 함량은 300-350-350kg/ha 수준(1,847 및 9,391kg)에서 가장 높았고, 다음이 200-250-250kg/ha(1,651 및 7,774kg) 150-200-200kg/ha(1,676 및 7,757kg) 수준이었으나 두 처리간에 차이는 없었다. 이상의 결과를 보아 OG-RC 단순혼파초지에서의 N-P-K시비수준은 건물수량과 CP DDM 함량으로 보면 300-350-350kg/ha일 때 가장 높았으나 RC의 식생구성비율 수준 및 투입된 비료 가격을 기초로 초지에서의 목초생산비용을 고려할 때 OG-RC 단순혼파초지에서의 N-P-K시비수준은 150-200-200kg/hark 적당하다고 사료된다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.145-150
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• 2003

In the intestinal mucosa, mast cells are thought to be responsible for the expulsion of parasites. We investigated the relationship of worm expulsion and mast cells in C3H/HeN and BALB/c mice infected with Echinostoma hortense. In addition, we examined whether the worm recovery rate was associated with the strain of mice, and whether a toluidine stain and immunohistochemistry using the c-kit antibody was effective in the detection of mast cells. In order to investigate the mucosal immune response of C3H/HeN and BALB/c mice, each mouse was infected orally with 30 E. hortense metacercariae. Then, the number of mucosal mast cells and worm recovery rates was observed in experimentally infected mouse strains between 1 week and 8 weeks post infection (PI). Mucosal mast cells were increased in 3 weeks P.I. in C3H/HeN and BALB/c mice. On the other hand, only mucosal goblet cells and worm recovery rates correlated in C3H/HeN mice (P=0.0482). Worm recoveries in C3H/HeN mice were 65.7$\pm$5.6, 53.3$\pm$5.4 and 6.7$\pm$0.6 in week 1, 2, and 3 P.I. and strongly decreased in week 3 P.I. Worm recoveries in BALB/c mice were 23.0$\pm$2.5, 10.0$\pm$1.0, and 6.7$\pm$0.6% in week 1, 2, and 3 P.I. and gradually decreased from week 1 P.I. to week 3 P.I. Worm recoveries in C3H/HeN mice were significantly higher than in BALB/c mice (P<0.00l). The number of mast cells in C3H/HeN and BALB/c mice using the anti-c-kit antibody reached to a peak in week 3 P.I. and recovered as normal level in week 5 P.I. and 6 P.I. The number in E. hortense-infected C3H/HeN mice (P=0.0015) was higher than in E. hortense-infected BALB/c mice (P=0.01) compared with the control group. There were significant differences in the number of mast cells among regions of the intestine in in C3H/HeN mice (P<0.05) but not in BALB/c mice (P>0.05). Immunohistochemistry using the anti-c-kit antibody was significant method as an examination of the number of mast cells (P=0.0002). In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that mast cells play an important role in worm recovery, and immunohistochemistry using the anti-c-kit antibody was superior to toluidine stain as an examination of mast cells.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제27권7호
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• pp.687-698
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• 1994

The effects of age and dietary fatty acid composition on lipid metabolism were investigated in Sprague-Dawley strain male rats. These animals weighing 88.6$\pm$2.2g were fed 10% dietary fat(W/W, 20% of total energy) with 0.5, 1, 2 P/S ratio and in each P/S ratio there were three different levels of n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratio ; 2, 4, 8. The experimental period was 1 month, 6 months and 12 months. The results of this study were as follows. The body weight of rats increased rapidly for the first two months, then increased slowly until 7 to 8 months. After 10 months of dietary regimen their weight decreased. The weight of liver, kidney and epidydimal fat pad increased along with the body weight and then decreased in the 12 months. Plasma total lipid increased with age and it decreased significantly when P/S ratio of dietary fatty acid was high. In creased with age and it decreased significantly when P/S ratio of dietary fatty acid was high. In creasing n-3 fatty acid intake in each P/S ratio resulted in lower plasma total lipid although was not statistically significant. The amount of plasma total cholesterol increased at 6 months, but decreased at 12 months. In case of 1, 12 months, increasing P/S ratio significantly plasma total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol were decreased and hepatic cholesterol was increased, VLDL-HDL-cholesterol did not changed. The n-6/n-3 ratio did not affect any of theses. The amount of plasma triglyceride and VLDL-triglyceride increased at 6 month then decreased. When the rats consumed higher amount of n-3 fatty acid in each P/S ratio, their plasma triglyceride and hepatic triglyceride increased at 1, 12months.