• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.21-36
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• 2012

본 연구는 학교교육에서 여고생을 대상으로 한 식생활교육의 방향을 알아보기 위해 대구 경북지역 1, 2학년 여자고등학생 409명을 대상으로 영양지식, 식습관, 식생활교육 수업에 대한 만족도, 가정교과의 식생활교육이 실생활에서 도움을 주는 정도에 대하여 자기기입식 설문조사로 실시되었다. 영양지식 점수는 9.2/15.0점으로 계열, 학년, 형제 수, 성적과 유의적 상관관계를 나타내었다(p<0.05). 아침식사(85.8%), 적절한 식사속도(82.9%) 항목의 점수는 높았으나 병원성 미생물(43.0%), 열량영양소(40.3%), 당뇨병 식이관리(21.3%) 항목은 매우 낮은 정답률을 보였고, 쌀의 조리원리와 병원성 미생물에 대한 항목은 잘 모르겠다고 응답한 학생이 각각 51.8%, 49.1%로 가장 높았다. 식습관 점수는 3.3/5.0점으로 계열, 부의 직업, 경제적 수준과 유의적인 차이를 보였다(p<0.05). 식품구매 시 영양표시 및 유통기한, 원산지 확인 항목의 점수가 가장 높았으나(3.86/5.00점) 싱겁게 먹기 항목은 2.93/5.00점으로 가장 낮았다. 식생활교육 수업에 대해서는 42.1%가 만족하고 있었으나 8.3%가 불만족한 것으로 조사되었고, 불만족한 가장 큰 이유는 수업시간이 적다가 8.3%로 가장 높았다. 실험 및 실습수업을 가장 선호하였으며, 식생활교육 만족도 점수는3.39/5.00점, 식생활교육이 실생활에 도움을 주는 정도도 3.39/5.00점으로 대체로 낮았고, 음식 만들기(3.81점), 위생적이고 안전한 식생활(3.71점), 건강한 생활(3.68점) 항목점수가 높았다. 식생활교육 수업에 대한 만족도가 높을수록 실생활에 도움이 되는 정도, 영양지식, 식습관의 점수가 유의적으로 높았으며(p<0.01), 영양지식과 식습관 점수가 높을수록 실생활에서 도움이 많이 된다고 생각하였고(p<0.001), 영양지식 점수가 높을수록 식습관 점수가 높은 것으로(p<0.001)로 조사되었다. 따라서 여고생을 대상으로 한 가정교과의 식생활교육은 학부모와 연계하여 실생활에서의 활용도를 높이고, 학생의 진로와 요구를 반영한 효과적인 수업전략 및 식생활교육 시간 확보 등으로 식생활교육 만족도를 높이기 위한 교사의 적극적인 활동이 요구되었다.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.81-93
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• 2000

This study is designed to identify the current condition of male students ostracized as the black ship (Wangtta in Korean) in middle schools and the effects of the Guardian Angle program on the decrease in Wangtta. 428 frist graders of two junior high schools were devided into two groups, a test group (n=195) and a control group (n=233). SPSS/PC+ program was used for analysis of the data, including frequency analysis, ANOVA and x(sup)2-test. The outcome of research can be summed up as the following 74.7% of the subjects thinks that there is Wangtta going on in there classes. Wangtta often comes to pass during the recesses (74.2%) and lunch times (51.6%). Those who are easily exposed to Wangtta are most likely to be both snobbish and pedantic. Those who lead Wangtta turn out to be good at fighting (56.4%) and dominant in the hegemony of the class depending on the way of ignoring or not playing with the victims(69.3%) In the case of bearing witness to Wangtta. 36.9% of the subjects try to overlook the case. Now let me take a look at the effect of the guardian angle program on the decrease in Wangtta. The program has a significant effect on the decrease (p<0.05) in the number and the phenomena of Wangtta perceived by students in both advance and post tests. The program makes a significant difference in the aspects of students’ behavior in relation to Wangtta in a desirable way (p<.01) Though the sociality index of the victims doesn’t show any significant difference statistically, it exerts a generally positive effect.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.920-929
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• 2005

This study was aimed at knowing the recognition of teachers' nutrition knowledge and nutrition education at day-care centers in Seong-nam. Teachers were all female, most of whom were in the 20, and their careers were less than 3 years. And $76.2\%$ of the teachers graduated from high school and junior college. The score of the nutrition knowledge was average $14.3\pm2.2$ (out of 20). It shows that they are lack of general information of nutrition. As the teachers had higher education, they scored higher nutrition knowledge levels (p < 0.01). It also says that there was meaningful interrelationship between the nutrition knowledge and the number of children they had (p < 0.05). $93\%$ of the teachers said that nutrition education should be given when children are three years old, at least and most of the teachers thought that nutrition education is necessary and should be taught in a separate course. $50.4\%$ of the teachers thought that nutrition education for early childhood should be taught by a nutritionist, but $35.2\%$ of them thought that the teachers themselves should be in charge of it. About $60\%$ of the teachers thought that 'Cooking Activity for Early Childhood' course should be established and it is desirable that the nutrition education should be in the area of cooking activity for childhood at day-care centers. The teachers thought that dietary habit is the most important subject in nutrition education and they got more information from the internet rather than in the class related to nutrition. (Korean J Community Nutrition 10(6) : $920\∼929$, 2005)

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.89-96
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• 2007

This study was performed to weigh the average meal portion sizes served for preschoolers by kindergarten teacher. The subjects were 53 teachers from 8 kindergartens, which are random sampled by meal service number. Using the weighing method assessed the meal portion sizes of food items at lunch. The data was complied by performing $\chi^2-test$ using SPSS WIN 11.0. The result was as followed: 98.0% of teacher agreed with the meal service because of 'better food habit and table etiquette'(68.0%), 'health promotion with balanced diet'(22.0%), 'owing to extending school time'(6.0%) and 'demand of parents'(2.0%). Preschooler eat lunch at class (84.9%) and meal serving size was decided by teacher (79.2%). Teachers thought that they know very well about portion size 3.8%, 96.2% of teacher thought that they don't know much about portion size. Portion size were not significantly different by food tray types but there was much different (almost 100%) compared with minimum and maximum within dishes. Most average portion size was not met dietary reference intake except cooked rice, soups and fish cutlet. Working experience effected on portion size. More served, more working experienced of teacher. For example Bulgogi was served 26.8 g by teacher who has over 6 years working experience compared with 2-6 years (20.4 g) and less than 2 years (17.1 g) (p < 0.01). Spinach portion size was significantly different by teacher's working experience (p < 0.01). Portion size were not significantly different by preschooler's age. The reference of dietary for preschooler was different by age, but teachers served meal by their experience. According to the results of this study, it is necessary to educate meal portion size for kindergarten teacher who take charge in meal serving. To provide guidance to teacher about reasonable portion sizes for preschoolers, teacher need to take nutrition education about meal service and child nutrition in college. This study would be useful to those who plan meals for preschoolers and to researchers studying dietary intakes of preschooler.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.99-103
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• 2010

Background: Glycogen synthase kinase $3{\beta}$ ($GSK3{\beta}$) is a ubiquitous serine/threonine kinase that is regulated by serine phosphorylation at 9. Recent studies have reported the beneficial effects of a number of the pharmacological $GSK3{\beta}$ inhibitors in rodent models of septic shock. Since most of the $GSK3{\beta}$ inhibitors are targeted at the ATP-binding site, which is highly conserved among diverse protein kinases, the development of novel non-ATP competitive $GSK3{\beta}$ inhibitors is needed. Methods: Based on the unique phosphorylation motif of $GSK3{\beta}$, we designed and generated a novel class of $GSK3{\beta}$ inhibitor (GSK3i) peptides. In addition, we investigated the effects of a GSK3i peptide on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated cytokine production and septic shock. Mice were intraperitoneally injected with GSK3i peptide and monitored over a 7-day period for survival. Results: We first demonstrate its effects on LPS-stimulated pro-inflammatory cytokine production including interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-12p40. LPS-induced IL-6 and IL-12p40 production in macrophages was suppressed when macrophages were treated with the GSKi peptide. Administration of the GSK3i peptide potently suppressed LPS-mediated endotoxin shock. Conclusion: Collectively, we present a rational strategy for the development of a therapeutic GSK3i peptide. This peptide may serve as a novel template for the design of non-ATP competitive GSK3 inhibitors.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.51-66
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a subsequent infection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome(PRRS) virus to pigs with A pleuropneumonia. Twenty three 7-week-old commercial pigs were infected intratracheally with PRRS virus and/or A pleuropneumoniae serotype 5. Serum antibody titers were examined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) and proportion of porcine leukocyte subpopulations in peripheral blood was examined by flow cytometry. In this experiment, antibodies against PRRS virus and A pleuropneumoniae were detected at 2 weeks and 1 week postinfection and the number of antibody positive pigs were gradually increased. And in proportion to leukocyte subpopulations in peripheral blood of pigs infected with A pleuropneumoniae compared with pigs administrated with saline, the proportion of PoCD4 and N cells were increased(P<0.1). Furthermore, in proportion to leukocyte subpopulations in peripheral blood of pigs infected with PRRS virus followed by A pleuropneumoniae compared with pigs administrated with saline, the proportion of MHC class II, PoCD4 and B cells were significantly increased(P<0.1). The results indicated that dual infection with PRRS virus and A pleuropneumoniae induced the stronger immune responses associated with macrophages and Th cells in pigs than single infection with PRRS virus or A pleuropneumoniae.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.81-88
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• 2012

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are enzymes involved in the remodelling of chromatin, and have a key role in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are emerging as an exciting new class of potential anti-cancer agents. In recent years, a number of structurally diverse HDAC inhibitors have been identifi ed and these HDAC inhibitors induce growth arrest, differentiation and/or apoptosis of cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed at investigating the anti-tumor activity of various HDAC inhibitors, IN-2001, using T47D human breast cancer cells. Moreover, the possible mechanism by which HDAC inhibitors exhibit anti-tumor activity was also explored. In estrogen receptor positive T47D cells, IN-2001, HDAC inhibitor showed anti-proliferative effects in dose-and time-dependent manner. In T47D human breast cancer cells showed anti-tumor activity of IN-2001 and the growth inhibitory effects of IN-2001 were related to the cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis. Flow cytometry studies revealed that IN-2001 showed accumulation of cells at $G_2$/M phase. At the same time, IN-2001 treatment time-dependently increased sub-$G_1$ population, representing apoptotic cells. IN-2001-mediated cell cycle arrest was associated with induction of cdk inhibitor expression. In T47D cells, IN-2001 as well as other HDAC inhibitors treatment significantly increased $p21^{WAF1}$ and $p27^{KIP1}$ expression. In addition, thymidylate synthase, an essential enzyme for DNA replication and repair, was down-regulated by IN-2001 and other HDAC inhibitors in the T47D human breast cancer cells. In summary, IN-2001 with a higher potency than other HDAC inhibitors induced growth inhibition, cell cycle arrest, and eventual apoptosis in human breast cancer possibly through modulation of cell cycle and apoptosis regulatory proteins, such as cdk inhibitors, cyclins, and thymidylate synthase.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제89권2호
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• pp.241-248
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• 2000

북한산국립공원(北漢山國立公園) 북동사면(北東斜面) 일대(一帶) 계류수(溪流水)의 이화학적(理化學的) 수질특성(水質特性)을 파악함으로써 국립공원내(國立公園內) 계류수질(溪流水質) 보전(保全)을 위한 과학적 기초 자료를 제공하기 위하여 1998년 7월부터 1999년 11월까지 매월 4개 지점의 계류수질을 분석한 결과, 이 지역 계류수의 평균pH는 6.65, 평균용존산소량은 $10.7mg/{\ell}$로 하천수질환경기준에 의한 상수원수 1급수의 범위 내였다. 또한, 이 지역 계류수(溪流水)는 연수(軟水)이었으며, 평균용존산소포화도(平均溶存酸素飽和度)는 96.7%로 포화상태이었다. 북한산 국립공원을 이용하는 탐방객수(探訪客數)의 증가(增加)는 계류수의 용존이온량을 증가시켜 계류수의 전기전도도(電氣傳導度)를 상승시키고 계류수질오염(溪流水質汚染)에 영향(影響)을 미치는 것으로 분석(分析)되었으며, 직선회귀분석결과(直線回歸分析結果) 1% 수준에서 유의(有意)하였다. 북한산 북동사면 일대 계류수에서 전기전도도(電氣傳導度)와 용존음이온량($Cl^-$, $NO{_3}^-$, $SO{_4}^{2-}$)은 상류(上流)보다는 하류(下流)에셔 증가(增加)하였다.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2003년도 통신소사이어티 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.168-171
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• 2003

IEEE 802.16 Wireless MAN standard specifies the air interface of fixed point-to-multipoint broadband wireless access systems providing multiple services. Among the service classes supported by the wireless MAN, the best effort service class is ranked on the lowest position in priority and is assisted by a MAC scheme based on reservation ALOHL Such MAC scheme must include a number of components, while many of them are not specified in the standard. In this paper, we thus reveal main components of a MAC scheme supporting the best effort service and present candidate schemes implementing such components. Combining schemes for implementing components, we then construct distinctive MAC schemes supporting best effort service. In designing a MAC scheme, the delay performance induced by the scheme should be considered since scarce resource may be available for the best effort service after the preemptive resource occupation by other service classes. In this paper, we focus on the delay fairness among the subscriber stations using the best effort service. For evaluating a MAC scheme in delay fairness, we present two definitions of delay fairness and provide a criterion for optimal MAC scheme according to each definition of delay fairness. Using a simulation method we investigate the mean delay performance exhibited by each MAC scheme arid find an optimal scheme in delay fairness. From numerical examples, we observe that SR/ED/PG＋P scheme has strong delay fairness compared with MR/ED/PG＋P and SR/ED/PG＋D schemes according to a definition of delay fairness. However, other schemes are rather shown to have better delay fairness when the other definition is adopted.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.117-127
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• 1999

This study was carried out to provide the improvable way of foodservice management to dietitian in the elementary schools. For this purpose the serving pattern of food, menu planning, nutrition education, leftover management and difficulties in foodservice were investigated. The survey was conducted through questionnaires, which were collected from 249 dietitions randomly selected in Taejon and Chung Nam. Data were analyzed by SAS program. The main results of this study are as follows. The children in Taejon took foods in the class room(65.7%) and those in Chung Nam in the dinning hall(89.9%)(p<0.01). In menu planning the balance of nutrition(42.6%) was mainly considered and then food preference(19.7%), variety of menus(16.1%), food cost(16.1%), composition of food color, taste and texture(3.2%), skills of food making(1.6%) and the number of students(0.8%). They referred cooking magazines(47.7%), the previous menu(42.2%), children's opinion(7.2%) for planning menu. The insufficiency of implements and devices for food(24.1%) and lack of season's food(20.4%) were indicated as difficulties in their job. 34.5% of dietitians used a standard menu, 79.5% investigated food preference of children, 74.3% evaluated taste of foods before serving, and 80.7% regularly checked leftover. The major reason for leftover was careless of the teacher in charge in Taejon and bad taste of foods nutrition in Chung Nam(p<0.001). 98.5% of them answered that they had the responsibility for nutrition education in elementary school. They had a hard time in relationship with the staffs in school(40.6%) and employees for food(39.8%), and lack of market information(38.2%). To efficiency of dietitian's work can be enhanced by reflecting the results of children's food preference and leftover, by using standard cooking method and proper cooking utensil, and by performing nutrition education for children by themselves.