• Mass Spectrometry Letters
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.10-14
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• 2012

Artificially oxidized cysteine residues in peroxiredoxin 6 (Prx6) were detected by electrospray interface capillary liquid chromatography-linear ion trap mass spectrometry after the preparation of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2D-GE). We used Prx6 as a model protein because it possesses only two cysteine residues at the 47th and 91st positions. The spot of Prx6 on 2D-GE undergoes a basic (isoelectric point, pI 6.6) to acidic (pI 6.2) shift by exposure to peroxide due to selective overoxidation of the active-site cysteine Cys-47 but not of Cys-91. However, we detected a tryptic peptide containing cysteine sulfonic acid at the 47th position from the basic spot and a peptide containing both oxidized Cys-47 and oxidized Cys-91 from the acidic spot of Prx6 after the separation by 2D-GE. We prepared two types of oxidized Prx6s: carrying oxidized Cys-47 (single oxidized Prx6), and other carrying both oxidized Cys-47 and Cys-91 (double oxidized Prx6). Using these oxidized Prx6s, the single oxidized Prx6 and double oxidized Prx6 migrated to pIs at 6.2 and 5.9, respectively. These results suggest that oxidized Cys-47 from the basic spot and oxidized Cys-91 from the acidic spot are generated by artificial oxidation during sample handling processes after isoelectric focusing of 2D-GE. Therefore, it is important to make sure of the origin of cysteine oxidation, if it is physiological or artificial, when an oxidized cysteine residue(s) is identified.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2009

Oxidized acetate starch was synthesized from corn oxidized starch and vinyl acetate. The sizing concentration and degree of substitution of modified starch on surface strength, smoothness and water resistance of the paper have been studied. The results showed that the surface strength, smoothness and other properties of paper sized by oxidized acetate starch is better than that of oxidized starch. When the degree of substitution of modified starch is from 0.04 to 0.14, the properties of paper sized by oxidized acetate starch have been improved more effectively.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.713-720
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• 2002

A study was designed to determine the effects on broiler performance of two levels of antioxidant (ethoxyquin) in poultry rations containing two levels of oxidized and non-oxidized soybean oil. One hundred and eighty, day old broiler chicks were randomly divided into six experimental groups comprising thirty chicks on each treatment. Six experimental rations having 2% nonoxidized soybean oil, 2% and 3% oxidized soybean oil, all three supplemented with normal (125 g/t) or higher (175 g/t) level of ethoxyquin, were formulated for both starter (0-28 days) and finisher (29-42 days) phases. These rations were randomly fed to six experimental groups having 30 birds on each ration and three replicates on each treatment. Weight gain and feed conversion ratio (FCR) of chicks fed 2% non-oxidized and 2% oxidized soybean oil were statistically non-significant. Weight gain in groups fed 3% oxidized oil was significantly lower than non-oxidized group while FCR was significantly lower than both groups. Weight gain in the higher level ethoxyquin group was significantly better than lower level, while feed intake and FCR were statistically non-significant in both levels of ethoxyquin. Acid and Thiobarbituric Acid (TBA) values in the three groups differed significantly with the lower in non-oxidized group and highest in the 3% oxidized group. Higher level of ethoxyquin significantly lower acid and TBA values compared to lower level of ethoxyquin. Thus it can be concluded that oxidation of oil reduces its feeding value and that the addition of ethoxyquin is beneficial.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.112-116
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• 2001

Oxidized potato starch/polyethylene (PE) cast films were prepared with different percentages of linear low density PE (LLDPE), oxidized potato starch and prooxidant. For the determination of biodegradability of the films, lignocellulose-degrading Streptomyces viridosporus T7A (ATCC 39115) was used. Films were chemically disinfected and incubated with S. viridosporus by shaking at 100 rpm at 37$^{\circ}C$ for eight weeks. Hydroxyl indices of the films by Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, mechanical Properties of the films by Instron and film morphology by scanning electron microscope (SEM) were measured. The hydroxyl index of the film containing the oxidized potato starch incubated with S. viridosporus T7A was higher than that of the corresponding control. All the films containing 5% and 10% oxidized starch showed a decrease of tensile strength on the films after incubation when the corresponding uninoculated film was compared. In the oxidized starch/PE film incubated with S. viridosporus T7A, partial destruction of starch and PE was examined by SEM.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제26권8호
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• pp.1255-1259
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• 2005

Lewy bodies (LBs) are neuronal inclusions that are closely related to Parkinson's disease (PD). The filamentous component of LB from patients with PD contains biochemically altered $\alpha$-synuclein. We have investigated the effect of the oxidized products of catecholamines on the modification of $\alpha$-synuclein. When $\alpha$-synuclein was incubated with the oxidized 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) or dopamine, the protein was induced to be aggregated. The oxidized catecholamine-mediated $\alpha$-synuclein aggregation was enhanced by copper ion. Radical scavengers, azide and N-acetyl cysteine significantly prevented the oxidized catecholamine-mediated $\alpha$-synuclein aggregation. The results suggest that free radical may play a role in $\alpha$-synuclein aggregation. Exposure of $\alpha$-synuclein to the oxidized products of catecholamines led to the formation of dityrosine. Antioxidant dipeptides carnosine, homocarnosine and anserine significantly protected $\alpha$-synuclein from the aggregation induced by the oxidized products of catecholamines.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.482-487
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• 1999

과요오드산으로 산화시킨 당을 유리아미노산과 반응시켜서 ${\alpha}-NH_2$기와 펩티딜리신의 ${\varepsilon}-NH_2$기와 반응하여 결합한 것을 확인하였다. 그래서, 제조한 과요드산-산화당은 단백질 분자 표면의 리신의 ${\varepsilon}-NH_2$기와 Schiff 염기 반응으로 공유결합하여 당단백질을 만드는 것으로 볼 수 있다. 과요드산 산화당으로 변형한 고구마 ${\beta}$-아밀라아제는 C, H는 증가, N은 감소하였다. N말단의 ${\alpha}-NH_2$기는 70% (pentamer), 73% (monomer), ${\varepsilon}-NH_2$기는 33% (pentamer), 26% (monomer)가 산화당과 반응하였다. 페놀-황산법에 의한 총당 정량과 DNP 법으로 분석한 결과, $IO_4$-산화말토헥사오스는 고구마 ${\beta}$-아밀라아제 1몰당 6몰이 결합된 것으로 나타났고, 고구마 ${\beta}$-아밀라아제에 결합된 산화가용성 전분은 효소단백질 대비 13.2% (monomer), 13.5% (pentamer), 산화말토헥사오스는 9.7% (pentamer), 9.3% (monomer)로 나타났다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.520-524
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• 1991

Stainless steel 304 2B and BA are oxidized in 2.5 M $CrO_3/$ 5.0 M $H_2SO_4$ solution, and elemental composition and oxidized state of the surface region is analyzed as a function of the surface depth using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It is found that Fe and Cr are preferentially oxidized and diffuse outward following the oxidation. Element Ni, the third major component of the steel is not oxidized and remains deep under the surface. It is also found that the oxidized Fe dissolves considerably into the solution thereby enriching the gas-oxide interface with Cr.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.223-230
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• 2009

This study is to find out the antioxidative effect and serum and liver lipid composition of wild grape juice in vivo. Forty 6-week-old white Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups such as normal lipid group, normal lipid group with wild grape juice, oxidized lipid (basic diet plus 10% of oxidative lipid) group and oxidized lipid group with wild grape juice, and 2ml juice was provided everyday. After 4 weeks of feeding with experimental diet each groups were examined for the antioxidant enzyme activity in blood and liver microsome and their serum and liver lipid composition. Glutanthione peroxidase activity in blood was significantly higher in oxidized lipid group with wild grape juice than in oxidized lipid group. Glutanthione peroxidase activity showed no difference depending on wild grape juice supplementation. Glutanthione peroxidase activity in liver was significantly higher in the groups with wild grape juice than in the groups supplemented only with oxidized lipid. Glutanthione reductase activity showed no difference depending on the supplementation of wild grape juice. Serum triglyceride level in the group supplemented with oxidized lipid diet and wild grape juice showed similar value to the normal lipid group and the normal lipid group with wild grape juiceoxidized fa6. Liver total lipid in the group supplemented with oxidized lipid and wild grape juice showed similar value to the normal lipid group and the group supplemented with normal lipid and wild grape juice. And it was lower than that of oxidative lipid group without juice. The liver triglyceride level in the group supplemented with normal lipid and wild grape juice was lower than that in the oxidative lipid group, but it was as low as in the group supplemented only with normal lipid.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.146-155
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• 2022

We proposed a simple process of creating electroconductive textiles by using PEDOT:PSS(Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate))/non-oxidized graphene to coat polyamide or polyurethane knitted fabric for smart healthcare purposes. Electroconductive textiles were obtained through a coating process that used different amounts of PEDOT:PSS/non-oxidized graphene solutions on polyamide/polyurethane knitted fabric. Subsequently, the surface, electrical, chemical, weight change, and elongation properties were evaluated according to the ratio of PEDOT:PSS/non-oxidized graphene composite(1.3 wt%:1.0 wt%; 1.3 wt%:0.6 wt%; 1.3 wt%:0.3 wt%) and the number of applications(once, twice, or thrice). The specimens' surface morphology was observed by FE-SEM. Further, their chemical structures were characterized using FTIR and Raman spectroscopy. The electrical properties measurement (sheet resistance) of the specimens, which was conducted by four-point contacts, shows the increase in conductivity with non-oxidized graphene and the number of applications in the composite system. Moreover, a test of the fabrics' mechanical properties shows that PEDOT:PSS/non-oxidized graphene-treated fabrics exhibited less elongation and better ability to recover their original length than untreated samples. Furthermore, the PEDOT:PSS/non-oxidized graphene polyamide/polyurethane knitted fabric was tested by performing tensile operations 1,000 times with a tensile strength of 20%; Consequently, sensors maintained a constant resistance without noticeable damage. This indicates that PEDOT:PSS/non-oxidized graphene strain sensors have sufficient durability and conductivity to be used as smart wearable devices.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.62-67
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• 1999

과요오드산 산화 가용성전분 및 말토올리고당을 고구마 ${\beta}-amylase$, 밀 ${\beta}-amylase$, aldolase, bovine serum albumin, catalase, carboxypeptidase, ferritin, pronase와 반응시켜서 전기영동하였다. 이들 단백질은 전기영동상의 이동도가 달라지고, 단백질 밴드와 같은 위치에서 PAS 염색 밴드를 나타내어 당이 부가된 것으로 확인되었다. 당의 부가는 과요오드산 산화당의 알데히드기가 단백질 분자 표면 리신의 ${\varepsilon}-NH_2$기와 Schiff 염기를 형성하여 일어난다. 변형효소는 자외흡광곡선에 변화를 나타내지 않았다.