• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권8호
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• pp.4051-4055
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• 2012

Functional foods include antioxidant nutrients which may protect against many human chronic diseases by combating reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the protective effect of pomegranate peel extract (PPE) on azoxymethane (AOM)-induced colon tumors in rats as an in vivo experimental model. Forty Sprague-Dawley rats (4 weeks old) were randomly divided into 4 groups containing 10 rats per group, and were treated with either AOM, PPE, or PPE plus AOM or injected with 0.9% physiological saline solution as a control. At 8 weeks of age, the rats in the AOM and PPE plus AOM groups were injected with 15 mg AOM/kg body weight, once a week for two weeks. After the last AOM injection, the rats were continuously fed ad-libitum their specific diets for another 6 weeks. At the end of the experiment (i.e. at the age of 4 months), all rats were killed and the colon tissues were examined microscopically for lesions suspected of being preneoplastic lesions or tumors as well as for biochemical measurement of oxidative stress indices. The results revealed a lower incidence of aberrant crypt foci in the PPE plus AOM administered group as compared to the AOM group. In addition, PPE blocked the AOM-induced impairment of biochemical indicators of oxidative stress in the examined colonic tissue homogenates. The results suggest that PPE can partially inhibit the development of colonic premalignant lesions in an AOM-induced colorectal carcinogenesis model, by abrogating oxidative stress and improving the redox status of colonic cells.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.421-428
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• 2012

Several studies revealed that low calcium intake is related to high prevalence of cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension. The prevalence of hypertension is high in Koreans along with their low dietary calcium consumption. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the status of calcium intake between the hypertension and normotension groups and to investigate the correlation between dietary calcium intake and blood pressure, blood lipid parameters, and blood/urine oxidative stress indices. A total of 166 adult subjects participated in this study and were assigned to one of two study groups: a hypertension group (n = 83) who had 140 mmHg or higher in systolic blood pressure (SBP) or 90 mmHg or higher in diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and an age- and sex-matched normotension group (n = 83, 120 mmHg or less SBP and 80 mmHg or less DBP). The hypertension group consumed 360.5 mg calcium per day, which was lower than that of the normotension group (429.9 mg) but not showing significant difference. In the hypertension group, DBP had a significant negative correlation with plant calcium (P < 0.01) after adjusting for age, gender, body mass index (BMI), and energy intake. In the normotension group, total calcium and animal calcium intake were significantly and positively correlated with serum triglycerides. No significant relationship was found between calcium intake and blood/urine oxidative stress indices in both groups. Overall, these data suggest reconsideration of food sources for calcium consumption in management of the blood pressure or blood lipid profiles in both hypertensive and normotensive subjects.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.211-220
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• 2018

Early life exposure to aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and low protein diet through complementary foods during weaning is common in parts of Africa and Asia. This study evaluated the effect of co-exposure to AFB1 and low protein diet on the extrahepatic tissues of rats. Twenty-four three-week old weanling male albino rats were used for this study and were randomly assigned into four groups: group 1 served as control and was fed normal protein diet (20% protein), group 2 was fed low protein diet (5% protein), group 3 was fed normal protein diet + 40 ppb AFB1 while group 4 received low protein diet + 40 ppb AFB1, all for eight weeks. Afterward, biomarkers of anemia (packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin) and kidney function (urea, uric acid, and creatinine) were determined in the blood while biomarkers of oxidative stress were determined in the tissues spectrophotometrically. Co-exposure to AFB1 and low protein diet significantly (p < 0.05) decreased body weight gain and PCV, increased biomarkers of kidney functions and induced oxidative stress in the tissues studied. There was significant (p < 0.05) reduction in glutathione concentration while TBARS was significantly increased in the tissues. Co-exposure to AFB1 and low protein diet had additive effects on decreasing the weight gain and potentiation effect of kidney dysfunction in the rats. The co-exposure also decreased antioxidant enzymes and increased oxidant status in the tissues. Our results demonstrate that this co-exposure has deleterious health effects on extrahepatic tissues and should be a public health concern especially in developing countries where AFB1 contamination is common.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.37-43
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• 2009

Oxidative stress is caused by an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen and an ability of a biological system, to readily detoxify the reactive intermediates or easily repair the resulting damage. It has been suggested that developmental alloxan-induced liver damage is mediated through increases in oxidative stress. The anti-diabetic effect and antioxidant activity of Phaleria macrocarpa (PM) fractions were investigated in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. After two weeks administration of PM, the liver antioxidant enzyme and hyperglycemic state were evaluated. The results showed that oral administration of PM treatments reduced blood glucose levels in diabetic rats by oral administration (P < 0.05). Serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (sGOT) and serum glutamic-pyruvate-transaminase (sGPT) were also diminished by PM supplementation. The superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione-peroxidase (GPx) activities, and glutathione (GSH) level in the alloxan-induced diabetic rats were significantly decreased (P < 0.05) compared to those in the normal rats but were restored by PM treatments. PM fractions also repressed the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the liver. Glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and $\gamma$-glutamylcysteine synthase (GCS) were also reduced in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. PM fractions could restore the GR and GST activities, but the GCS activity was not affected in rat livers. From the results of the present study, the diabetic effect of the butanol fraction of PM against alloxan-induced diabetic rats was concluded to be mediated either by preventing the decline of hepatic antioxidant status or due to its indirect radical scavenging capacity.

• Advances in environmental research
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.179-187
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• 2016

This study evaluated some markers of oxidative stress in the organs of African Catfish, Clarias gariepinus from Eleyele River in Oyo State, Nigeria. Clarias gariepinus (250 g-400 g) were collected from Eleyele River (a suspected polluted River) and Clarias gariepinus from a clean fish farm (Durantee fisheries) were used as the control. Levels of Malondialdehyde (index of lipid peroxidation), Glutathione (GSH) and activities of antioxidant enzymes- Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase and Glutathione-S-Transferase (GST) were evaluated in the liver, kidney and gills of the fish. From the results, there were significant (p<0.001) increases in malondialdehyde and GSH levels in the liver, kidney and gills of Clarias gariepinus from Eleyele River compared with control. The activity of GST increased significantly (p<0.05; p<0.001) in the liver and kidney of fish from Eleyele River compared with control. There was a significant decrease (p<0.05; p<0.001) in SOD activity in all the organs of Clarias gariepinus from Eleyele River compared with conrol and also a significant (p<0.001) decrease in catalase activity in the gills and kidney of the fish but catalase activity increased in the liver. Increase in lipid peroxidation and alterations in antioxidant status in Clarias gariepinus from Eleyele River show that the fish were under oxidative stress. These suggest that the River is polluted probably as a result of various wastes frequently discharged into the River. This could pose serious health risks to consumers of water and aquatic organisms from the River.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제42권10호
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• pp.1525-1532
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• 2013

말채나무 열수추출물의 항산화 활성을 알아보기 위해 HepG2 세포에 TBHP로 산화 스트레스를 유도한 뒤 말채나무 열수추출물의 세포 보호효과, ROS 생성억제, 지질과산화 억제 및 GSH 생성에 미치는 영향에 대해 살펴보았다. 말채나무 열수추출물은 HepG2 세포에 TBHP로 산화 스트레스를 유도한 뒤 나타나는 세포독성에 대해 농도 의존적으로 유의하게 세포 보호효과를 보였으며, ROS 생성과 과산화물에 대한 지표로서 측정한 MDA도 말채나무 열수추출물에 의해 효과적으로 억제되었다(P<0.05). 또한 항산화 성분으로 생체 내에서 산화 및 환원반응에 중요한 역할을 하며 항산화 효소인 GSH-Px, GST에 전자공여체로 작용하는 GSH의 생성촉진 효능에서도 말채나무 열수추출물은 산화 스트레스로 감소된 GSH의 생성을 농도 의존적으로 촉진시켰다(P<0.05). 산화 스트레스에 의해 활성이 증가된 항산화 효소(CAT, SOD, GSH-Px, GR)도 말채나무 열수추출물의 처리로 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 이러한 결과로 미루어 보아 말채나무 열수 추출물은 인체 내에서 질병과 노화를 일으키는 원인 물질인 활성산소에 대해 강한 항산화 활성을 나타냄에 따라 보다 다양한 형태의 소재로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.307-314
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• 2007

We studied changes in the biochemical and physiological status and ROS-scavenging enzyme (superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase) activity in leaves and roots of rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants exposed to high salinity. Under salt stress, the reduction in RWC (relative water content) in leaves was relatively severe in comparison with that of roots. The proline content was also significantly higher in leaves of rice plants following salt treatment. The activities of CAT and POX in roots increased with increasing NaCl concentration, but the activity of SOD decreased. These results suggest that the increase of endogenous proline is closely associated with the increase of CAT and POX activities, which may play important roles in salt tolerance. Therefore, we conclude that the alleviation of oxidative damage and increased resistance to salinity may result from the presence of efficient antioxidative systems.

• 한국초지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국초지조사료학회 2005년도 학술심포지엄, 제43회 학술발표회
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• pp.204-205
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• 2005

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.1
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• pp.287.1-287.1
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• 2003

F$_2$-isoprostanes are derived in vivo principally from the formation of positional peroxyl radicals of arachidonic acid, endocyclization to prostaglandin G$_2$-like structures, and reduction to PGF$_2$-like compounds. F$_2$-isoprostanes have been proposed as biomarkers of lipid peroxidation, oxidative stress status, and oxidation of low density lipoprotein (LDL) in atherogenesis. Especially, elevated 8-iso-PGF$\sub$2a/ is known as a useful clinical biomarker of oxidative stress in-end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients receiving hemodialysis (HD). (omitted)

• 한국해양생명과학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.113-120
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• 2022

Despite concerns about the significant toxicity of copper pyrithione (CuPT) at environmental concentrations, effects of CuPT on benthic organisms have received little attention. Here, we analyzed the detrimental effects of CuPT at sublethal concentrations (1/50, 1/20, and 1/10 of the 96 h-LC50 value) for 14 days in the marine polychaete Perinereis aibuhitensis. Reduced burrowing activity and significantly decreased the acetylcholinesterase activity in response to relatively high concentrations of CuPT were identified as CuPT-triggered cholinergic inhibition. The lipid peroxidation marker, malondialdehyde levels were dose-dependently increased, whereas intracellular glutathione was depleted by relatively high concentrations. In the CuPT-treated polychaete, significant fluctuations in the enzymatic activities of the antioxidant defense system (catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione peroxidase) were observed with significantly modulated glutathione 𝘚-transferase activity. These results indicate that even sublethal levels of CuPT would have detrimental effects on the health status of the marine polychaete.