• Mycobiology
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.189-194
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• 2010

This study investigated the cultural characteristics of Shimizuomyces paradoxus in different nutritional and environmental conditions. The highest mycelial growth was observed in Schizophyllum (mushroom) genetics complete medium plus yeast extract agar medium, and the optimal temperature and pH were $25^{\circ}C$ and pH 8.0, respectively. The optimal carbon and nitrogen sources were 1% dextrose and 1% peptone in agar. However, in liquid culture the highest dry mycelium weight was found for the potato dextrose agar and potato sucrose agar broths. The optimum inoculum size was five mycelial discs (5 mm) per 100 mL of broth, and the optimum liquid culture period was 25 days. This is the first ever report of S. paradoxus cultural characteristics.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.60-65
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• 2008

Kalopanax pictus was cultured in vitro to find out optimal condition for embryogenic cells proliferation in liquid media rapidly. Embryogenic cells were induced from leaves and petiols of Kalopanax pictus. Optimum culture medium appeared to be a 1/2MS medium supplemented with 2.0mg/L 2,4-D and 0.1mg/L BA. To find out optimal conditions, embryogenic cells were cultured some condition as different concentrations of 2,4-D, medium and sucrose. There was cultured on 1/2MS liquid medium containing different concentration of 2,4-D. When embryogenic cells were cultured on 1/2MS liquid medium supplemented with 1.0mg/L 2,4-D, cell propagation rate was higher than other concentration of 2,4-D. When embryogenic cells were cultured on different media that MS, Gambols B5, N6, White, SH medium, observed the highest multiplication rate among Gambols B5 and White medium. To find out of effect of sucrose to embryogenic cells propagation, we tested cells under different concentrations. Optimal concentration of sucrose appeared to be a basal medium added 3% sucrose. Above results suggest that optimal conditions for proliferation of embryogenic cells were established Gambols B5 and White medium added 1.0mg/L 2,4-D and 3% sucrose. There is every possibility achieving embryogenic cells proliferation via bioreactor culture system in Kalopanax pictus.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.572-577
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• 2002

We investigated the optimal condition for production of bacterial cellulose with Gluconacetobacter persimmonus KJ145. For bacterial cellulose production, optimal medium composition and culture conditions were conducted to determine. Apple juice (10$^{\circ}$Brix) medium was suitable than Hestrin & Schramm medium which is generally used for the bacterial cellulose production. When 1% pyruvate as carbon source was added to apple juice, bacterial cellulose production rose to high level. The effect of various nitrogen sources was investigated: CSL was found to be essential to high cellulose yields and the optimal CSL concentration was 10%. Optimal temperature and culture time for the bacterial cellulose production was 35$^{\circ}C$ and 16 days, respectively At the optimal condition Gluconacetobacter persimmonus KJ145 produced 8.96g/L of bacterial cellulose (dry weight), which was much higher than reported values.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.76-80
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• 2007

This study was carried out to obtain basic data on mycelial growth characteristics for an artificial cultivation of Grifola frondosa. Ten strains of G. frondosa were collected from Korea, China and Japan and investigated its optimal culture condition. Among four kinds of mushroom culture media, PDA medium was selected as the suitable culture medium. The optimal conditions for the mycelial growth of G. frondosa in PDA medium were $25^{\circ}C$ and $4{\sim}5$ of pH, respectively. The carbon and nitrogen sources for the optimum mycelial growth were fructose and peptone, respectively, and the highest mycelial growth was observed when the C/N ratio was $10{\sim}20$.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.201-209
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• 2000

Optimal conditions to utilize egg type male chicks from hatchery for cultivating yeast(Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and the effects of the yeast culture on growth of broiler chicks were investigated. The protein concentration of the spent cockerel extracts was the highest when extracted for 72 hours. Optimal water volume added to the spent cockerel chicks for the extraction was 1.5 times to the cockerel chicks weight (v/w ratio). Lipid in the extracts from the spent cockerel chicks did not affect on the yeast growth. The number of yeast cultured in the SCELP2 medium containing spent cockerel extracts and 4 % sugarcane molasses was higher by 26 % than that in the YEPD medium containing 1 % yeast extract, 2 % bacto pepton and 2 % glucose. Also the number of yeast cultured in the SBYW2 medium containing SCEP2 medium containing SCELP2 and 4 % brewer's yeast waste was increased by 8 %, compared to that in the SCELP2 medium. Body weight gain of chicks fed 4 % yeast culture supplementations cultivated in the SBYW2 medium was increased at 5 weeks by 9 %, relative to no supplementation(P<0.05). The results from this study suggest that the spent cockerel chicks can be utilized as nitrogen sources to produce yeast culture for animal feed.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.355-358
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• 2001

Selection of optima] nutrient sources and cultural methods for liquid spawn culture of Flammulina velutipes were carried out. The optimal temperature and pH for mycelial growth of F. velutipes were $20^{\circ}C$ and 6.0 to 7.5. respectively. In the 250ml ${Delta}$-flask culture. the amount of inoculum and culture period for the optimal mycelial growth of F. velutipes were 3 mycelial disks(diametcr 6mm) and 6 days, respectively. For the mass production of submerged culture. the optimal inoculum amount and aeration rate of F. velutipes were 5%(inoculum vol/medium vol.) and l.0vvm(vol of air/vol. of medium/min), respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.995-1002
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• 2018

Hairy root culture of ginseng is industrially prospected because the cultivation period of ginseng is relatively long. In this study, the effect of medium concentration and sucrose concentration on hairy root culture of ginseng was evaluated. The optimization of ginseng hairy roots transformed by Agrobacterium rhizogene were performed liquid medium. The MS(Murashinge & Skoog basal medium) concentration was selected with 1/2 strength MS and the optimal sucrose concentration was determined at 2-3%(w/v). At the optimum culture condition, The yield (the ratio of weight of grown hairy root cultures to weight of fresh ginseng hairy roots) and production rate of ginseng root were 19.42 times and 5.73 g/l-day. The major ginsenosides were Rb group, Re and Rg1. The produced total ginsenoside content in the solid medium was 9.87 (mg/g) and increased 1.34 times in the liquid medium (13.23 mg/g). In solid culture, the contents of ginsenosides Rb, Re and Rg1 were 2.14, 3.65 and 1.87 mg/g, respectively. In liquid culture, the contents of ginsenosides Rb, Re and Rg1 were 3.54, 4.12 and 2.63 mg/g, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.301-308
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• 1996

Hairy roots induced from stems of Rubia cordifolia var. pratensis were cultured in the liquid medium under a variety of auxins to find the optimal condition for the growth and production of pigments. Culture of the hairy roots on NN liquid medium containing NAA 0.5 mg/l was best for growth of hairy roots. Production of yellow anthraquinone derivatives and purpurin in hairy roots was enhanced by the culture on NN liquid medium without auxins. Effects of L-phenylalanine, L-tyrosine and juglone, synthesized via the shikimic acid pathway, on growth and production of pigments in hairy roots were studied in the present study. Concentration of exogeneous L-phenylalanine. L-tyrosine and juglone in liquid culture system of hairy root containing NAA 0.1 mg/l was decreased quickly in its early stages of the culture period. Addition of juglone to NN liquid medium containing NAA 0.1 mg/l enhanced the productivity of pigments in hairy roots.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.1996-2004
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• 2007

In this study, the optimization of culture medium using a Sterigmatomyces elviae mutant was investigated using statistical analysis to increase the cell mass and lactosucrose ($^4G-{\beta}$-D-galactosylsucrose) production. In basal medium, the cell mass and lactosucrose production were 4.12 g/l and 140.91 g/l, respectively. However, because of the low cell mass and lactosucrose production, optimization of culture medium was carried out to increase the cell mass and lactosucrose production. Culture media were optimized by the S. elviae mutant using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and response surface methodology (RSM). Central composite designs using RSM were utilized in this investigation. Quadratic models were obtained for cell mass and lactosucrose production. In the case of cell mass, optimal components of the medium were as follows: sucrose 1.13%, yeast extract 0.99%, bactopeptone 2.96%, and ammonium sulfate 0.40%. The predicted maximum value of cell mass was about 5.20 g/l and its experimental value was 5.08 g/l. In the case of lactosucrose production, optimal components of the medium were as follows: sucrose 0.96%, yeast extract 1.2%, bactopeptone 3.0%, and ammonium sulfate 0.48%. Then, the predicted maximum value of lactosucrose production was about 194.12 g/l and the corresponding experimental value was about 183.78 g/l. Therefore, by culturing using predicted conditions, the real cell mass and lactosucrose production increased to 23.3% and 30.42%, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.46-50
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• 2007

Transformed hairy roots were induced from in vitro grown plantlets of Trichosanthes kirilowii by infection with Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain ATCC15834. Transformed hairy roots exhibited active growth with high branching of roots on plant growth regulators-free medium. Cloned line (TR-03) of hairy root was tested for its growth and extracellular protein accumulation in medium under various culture conditions. Among the culture media tested, a full-strength MS medium had a pronounced effect on root biomass and extracelluar protein accumulation in medium. The maximum root biomass (2.4 g DRW/flask) and extracellular total protein contents $(28.3ug/m\ell)$ in medium was obtained at inoculum size of 2 g (FRW) and in MS medium supplemented with 4% sucrose. In addition, the optimal shaking speed for root growth and extracellular protein accumulation in medium were 100 rpm. The total extracellualr protein concentration reached a maximum of $28.3ug/m\ell$ at 4 weeks and decreased thereafter. Protein translation inhibitory activity was observed in culture broths and reached levels of 21.3 unit. These studies demonstrate that the transformed hairy roots can be utilized for the in vitro production of ribosome-inactivating proteins.