• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.305-313
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• 2019

Background: The oil and gas industry is one of the riskiest industries for confined space injuries. This study aimed to understand an overall picture of the causal factors of confined space accidents through analyzing accident reports and the use of a qualitative approach. Methods: Twenty-one fatal occupational accidents were analyzed according to the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System approach. Furthermore, thirty-three semistructured interviews were conducted with employees in different roles to capture their experiences regarding the contributory factors. The content analyses of the interview transcripts were conducted using MAXQDA software. Results: Based on accident reports, the largest proportions of causal factors (77%) were attributed to the organizational and supervisory levels, with the predominant influence of the organizational process. We identified 25 contributory factors in confined space accidents that were causal factors outside of the original Human Factors Analysis and Classification System framework. Therefore, modifications were made to deal with factors outside the organization and newly explored causal factors at the organizational level. External Influences as the fifth level considered contributory factors beyond the organization including Laws, Regulations and Standards, Government Policies, Political Influences, and Economic Status categories. Moreover, Contracting/Contract Management and Emergency Management were two extra categories identified at the organizational level. Conclusions: Preventing confined space accidents requires addressing issues from the organizational to operator level and external influences beyond the organization. The recommended modifications provide a basis for accident investigation and risk analysis, which may be applicable across a broad range of industries and accident types.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.329-334
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• 2015

최근 국내 대표적인 플로팅건축물인 세빛섬의 운영 정상화로 플로팅건축물에 대한 이미지가 매우 긍정적인 방향으로 개선되었다. 플로팅건축의 특장점은 특별한 공간체험(29.9%) > 랜드마크(27.6%) > 수해양문화 향유(21.5%) > 관광 및 개발의 거점(16.0%) > 지구온난화에 대비하는 친환경성(4.8%) 순으로 나타났다. 플로팅건축물은 일반인들에게 특별한 공간체험을 제공하며 차별화된 이미지를 가지고 있다. 따라서 플로팅건축물의 공간디자인마케팅은 특별한 공간을 매개로 지자체나 기업이 주민이나 고객들과 아이덴티티와 이미지를 교환하는 형태로 일어난다. 이때, 건축물이 지닌 기본적인 공간 속성에 방문객들의 공간수요를 반영한 프로그램 선정과 사업주체 및 운영주체의 일원화가 중요하다. 플로팅건축의 프로그램은 상업시설이나 문화시설, 친수공간 확보 조건을 활용한 마리나시설이 적절하며, 향후 플로팅건축 시장도 활성화될 것으로 전망된다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SP
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.455-461
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• 2002

본 논문에서는 로그폴라 (log-polar) 영상 평면에서의 Hough 변환을 위하여, 잘 알려진 unboundedness 문제를 해결하는 새로운 폴라 형태의 로그 직선 (log line) 매개변수 방정식을 제안한다. 직각 좌표상의 영상으로부터 로그폴라 영상을 생성하기 위하여, 황반부와 주변 영역으로 분리되는 Bolduc의 방법을 이용한다. 그리고 Hough 변환의 입력으로 이용되는 로그폴라 에지 영상은 Sobel 연산자로부터 추출되는 황반부 에지 영상과 본 논문에서 제안하는 공간변형 가중치가 고려된 새로운 그래디언트 연산자가 적용되어 추출되는 주변 영역을 결합하여 생성한다. 그런데 LPM (log-polar mapping; LPM)의 고유한 특성인 비선형 표본화로 인하여 시선고착점으로부터 멀리 떨어진 주변 영역에 포함되는 로그 직선들을 구성하는 화소들은 매우 산재되어 분포된다. 이러한 로그 직선들을 효과적으로 검출하기 위하여 Hough 누적 셀의 값이 공간변형 가중치가 고려되어 계산되도록 한다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 방법이 황반부와 주변 영역을 동시에 지나는 직선들뿐만 아니라 시선고착점으로부터 멀리 떨어진 주변 영역에 존재하는 직선들도 검출될 수 있음을 실험을 통하여 확인한다.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.391-400
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• 2016

In satellite operations, stable maneuvering of a satellite's onboard antenna to prevent undesirable vibrations to the satellite body is required for high-quality high-resolution images. For this reason, the onboard antenna's angular rate is typically minimized while still satisfying the system requirement that limits the speed of the onboard antenna. In this study, a simple yet effective method, called the ground station searching method, is proposed to reduce the angular rate of a satellite's onboard antenna. The performance of the proposed method is tested using real flight data from the KOMPSAT-3 satellite. Approximately 83% of arbitrarily selected real flight scenarios from 66 test cases show reductions in the onboard antenna's azimuth angular rates. Additionally, reliable solutions were consistently obtained within a reasonably acceptable computation time while generating an onboard antenna tracking profile. The obtained results indicate that the proposed method can be used in real satellite operations and can reduce the operational loads on a ground operator. Although the current work only considers the KOMPSAT-3 satellite as a test case, the proposed method can be easily modified and applied to other satellites that have similar operational characteristics.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.635-642
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• 2009

This paper describes the Flight Dynamics Automation (FDA) system for COMS Flight Dynamics System (FDS) and its test result in terms of the performance of the automation jobs. FDA controls the flight dynamics functions such as orbit determination, orbit prediction, event prediction, and fuel accounting. The designed FDA is independent from the specific characteristics which are defined by spacecraft manufacturer or specific satellite missions. Therefore, FDA could easily links its autonomous job control functions to any satellite mission control system with some interface modification. By adding autonomous system along with flight dynamics system, it decreases the operator's tedious and repeated jobs but increase the usability and reliability of the system. Therefore, FDA is used to improve the completeness of whole mission control system's quality. The FDA is applied to the real flight dynamics system of a geostationary satellite, COMS and the experimental test is performed. The experimental result shows the stability and reliability of the mission control operations through the automatic job control.

• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.235-249
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• 1995

Let K be a bounded linear operator from Hilbert space $H_1$ into Hilbert space $H_2$. When numerically solving the first kind equation Kf = g, one usually picks n orthonormal functions $\phi_1, \phi_2,...,\phi_n$ in $H_1$ which depend on the numerical method and on the problem, see Varah [12] for more details. Then one findes the unique minimum norm element $f_M \in M$ that satisfies $\Vert K f_M - g \Vert = inf {\Vert K f - g \Vert : f \in M}$, where M is the linear span of $\phi_1, \phi_2,...,\phi_n$. Such a solution $f_M \in M$ is called the M-solution of K f = g. Some methods for finding the M-solution of K f = g were proposed by Banks [2] and Marti [9,10]. See [5,6,8] for convergence results comparing the M-solution of K f = g with $f_0$, the least squares solution of minimum norm (LSSMN) of K f = g.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제20권11호
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• pp.3549-3559
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• 1996

In this study, the effect of parameter and modal filter errors on the vibration control characteristics of flexible structures is analyzed for IMSC ( Independent Modal Space Control). If the control force is designed on the basis of the mathematical model with the parameter and modal filter errors, the closed-loop performance of the vibration control system will be degraded depending on the magnitude of the errors. An asymptotic stability condition of the system with parameter and modal filter errors has more significant effect on the stability condition of the system with parameter and modal filter errors has been drived using Lyapunov approach. It has been found that modal filter error has more significant effect on the stability of closed-loop system than parameter error does. The extent of the response deviation of the closed-loop system is also derived and evaluated using operator thchniques.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1992년도 한국자동제어학술회의논문집(국제학술편); KOEX, Seoul; 19-21 Oct. 1992
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• pp.124-129
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• 1992

The goal of the proposed Intelligent Assisting System - IAS is to assist human operators in an intelligent way, while leaving decision and goal planning instances for the human. To realize the IAS the very important issue of manipulation skill identification and analysis has to be solved, which then is stored in a Skill Data Base. Using this data base the IAS is able to perform complex manipulations on the motion control level and to assist the human operator flexibly. We propose a model for manipulation skill based on the dynamics of the grip transformation matrix, which describes the dynamic transformation between object space and finger joint space. Interaction with a virtual world simulator allows the calculation and feedback of appropriate forces through controlled actuators of the sensor glove with 10 degrees-of-freedom. To solve the sensor glove calibration problem, we learn the nonlinear calibration mapping by an artificial neural network(ANN). In this paper we also describe the experimental system setup of the skill acquisition and transfer system as a first approach to the IAS. Some simple manipulation examples and simulation results show the feasibility of the proposed manipulation skill model.

• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.1221-1244
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• 2020

In this paper we consider L_K-conjecture introduced in [5, 6] for hypersurface Mⁿ in space form Rⁿ⁺¹(c) with three principal curvatures. When c = 0, -1, we show that every L₁-biharmonic hypersurface with three principal curvatures and H₁ is constant, has H₂ = 0 and at least one of the multiplicities of principal curvatures is one, where H₁ and H₂ are first and second mean curvature of M and we show that there is not L₂-biharmonic hypersurface with three disjoint principal curvatures and, H₁ and H₂ is constant. For c = 1, by considering having three principal curvatures, we classify L₁-biharmonic hypersurfaces with multiplicities greater than one, H₁ is constant and H₂ = 0, proper L₁-biharmonic hypersurfaces which H₁ is constant, and L₂-biharmonic hypersurfaces which H₁ and H₂ is constant.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제31권10호
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• pp.105-111
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• 2003

위성체 정렬은 위성체 조립 및 시험과정에서 중요한 부분이다. 인공위성이 우주궤도상에서 성공적인 임무를 수행하기 위해서는 자세제어 및 탑재체용 부분품들에 대하여 측정허용오차 $0.1^{\circ}{\sim}0.7^{\circ}$의 정밀하고 정확한 측정이 요구되며 정렬된 상태에서의 위성체 좌표계의 정확한 방향좌표를 측정하여 지상에 위치한 위성체 관제부에서 위성체의 자세제어 등에 사용하도록 제공하게 된다. 본 논문에서는 자동시준에 의한 위성체 정렬 측정 이론에 대하여 기술하고 데오도라이트를 사용하여 위성체 정렬을 측정할 수 있는 측정방법 및 그 측정 결과에 대하여 고찰해 보고자 한다.